The topographical poems of John O'Dubhagain and Giolla na naomh O'Huidhrin. Edited in the original Irish, From MSS. in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, Dublin; with translation, notes, and introductory dissertations

4

TOPOGRAPHICAL POEMS.

O'DUBHAGAIN.
O'HUIDHRIN.

THE

TOPOGRAPHICAL POEMS

OF

JOHN O'DUBHAGAIN

AND

GIOLLA NA NAOMH O'HUIDHBIN,

EDITED IN THE ORIGINAL IRISH,

FROM MSS. IN THE LIBRARY OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY, DUBLIN ;

WITH

TRANSLATION, NOTES, AND INTRODUCTORY DISSERTATIONS,

JOHN O'DONOVAN, LLJ)., M.R.I.A.,

Corresponding Member of the Royal Academy of Berlin.

DUBLIN:

PRINTED FOR THE IRISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND CELTIC SOCIETY,

BY ALEXANDER THOM, 87 & 88, ABBEY-STREET.

1862.

THIS COPY WAS PRIXTKI) KOI:
UD AND I 'A.YIBK1L.M.; K c 1. 1 U,

THE

IRISH ABCH^OLOGICAL AND CELTIC SOCIETY,

FOR THE

PUBLICATION OF THE MATERIALS FOR IRISH HISTORY.

MDCOCLXII.

'jjmtbtnt :

HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF LEINSTER.

THE MOST NOBLE THE MARQUESS OF KILDARE, M.R.I.A.

THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF DUNRAVEN, M.R.I.A.

THE RIGHT HON. LORD TALBOT DE MALAHIDE, M.R.I.A.

VERY REV. CHARLES W. RUSSELL, D.D., President of Maynooth College.

CowttH :

VERY REV. CHARLES GRAVES, D.D., President of the Royal Irish Academy.

REV. JAMES GRAVES, A.B., M.R.I.A.

SIR THOMAS A. LARCOM, K.B., M.R.I.A.

JOHN C. O'CALLAGHAN, ESQ.

EUGENE O'CURRY, M.R.I.A.

GEORGE PETRIE, LL.D., M.R.I.A.

REV. WILLIAM REEVES, D.D., Secretary of the Royal Irish Academy.

AQUILLA SMITH, M.D., M.R.I.A.

W. R. WILDE, M.D., Vice-President of the Royal Irish Academy.

REV. J. H. TODD, D.D., Vice-President of the Royal Irish Academy.
J. T. GILBERT, Esq., Librarian of the Royal Irish Academy.

19, DAWSON- STREET, DUBLIN.

Dublin, 20th January, 1862.

The. entire of this volume, with the exception of the
Index, was finally revised for the press by the late JOHN
O'DoNOVAN, LL.D., previous to the first of December,
1861. The Index, since completed, is entirely the work
of the REV. WILLIAM REEVES, D.D.

J. H. TODD, D.D., V.P.R.I.A., } Hon.
J. T. GILBERT, M.R.I.A., J Secretaries.

CONTENTS.

INTRODUCTION : . PAGE

Of the Topographical Poems of O'Dubhagain and O'Huidhrin, . [ 1 ]

Of the Ancient Names of Tribes and Territories in Ireland, . [ 6 ]

Of Ancient Irish Agnomina, . [ 17 ]

Of the Irish Names anciently assumed by the English in Ireland, [ 21 ]

Of the assumption of English Names by the Native Irish, . . [ 25 ]
Of the Irish Families who retained their Ancient Names on the

Continent and in Ireland, . . . . . . [ 30 ]

Of Irish Family Names Anglicised and altered, . . • [ 42 ]
Of Ancient Irish Christian or Baptismal Names of Men, and their

modernized forms, [ 51 ]

Of ancient Irish Female Names and their changes, . . . [ -59 ]

Concluding Observations, . . . . . . • [ 63 ]

O'DUBHAGAIN'S TOPOGRAPHICAL POEM, . . 1

O'HTJIDHRIN'S TOPOGRAPHICAL POEM, ...... 80

NOTES to O'DuBHAGAitf5 s TOPOGRAPHICAL POEM, . . i

NOTES to O'HUIDHRIN'S TOPOGRAPHICAL POEM, .... xlix
Various Readings, selected from Michael O'Clery's copy as compared

With the text of Cucocriche (or Peregrine) O'Clery, . Ixxxvii

INDEX, . . • • xcvii

INTRODUCTION.

OF THE TOPOGRAPHICAL POEMS OF O'DUBHAGAIN AND O'HTJIDHKIN.

THERE are two copies of these poems in the Library of the Royal
Irish Academy ; one in the handwriting of Cucocriche O'Clery,
the other in the transcript of Duald Mac Firbis's Genealogical
Work, made for the Academy by Mr. Eugene Curry. The original
of this latter copy, is in the hand of Michael O'Clery, the chief of
the Four Masters, and is bound up with the autograph of Mac
Firbis's Genealogies, in the volume from which Mr. Curry tran-
scribed it, a MS. in the possession of the Earl of Roden. The
various readings of these copies are given after the notes to the
present volume. No vellum copy of these poems has yet been
discovered, nor is it probable that any exists. In a modern
paper copy of them preserved in the Leabhar Branach, in the
Library of Trinity College, Dublin, the authorship is ascribed to
Ferganainim Mac Eochadha (Mac Keogh, now Keogh), chief poet
to the O'Byrnes, of Wicklow ; but this copy being modern, and of
little authority, has not been used, in this edition. It is probable,
that a copy of O'Dubhagain's poem was originally contained in the
Book of O'Dubhagain, called Leabhar Ui Maine, Book of Hy-
Many, a great part of which is now in the possession of Lord
Ashburnham ; but no reference to such a poem occurs in O'Reilly's
description of the contents of that Manuscript, as it stood when
in the possession of Sir William Betham, nor is it to be found in
the detached fragment of the same Manuscript now in the Library
of the British Museum, Egerton 92 (Plut. clxviii.).

The first printed notice of these poems, so far as the Editor
has been able to ascertain, is the abstract given by Dr. John
Lynch, in cap. iii., of his Cambrensis Eversus, published in
1662, where the author, in the following passage, ascribes the

[ 2 ] Introduction.

entire to O'Dubhagain alone, and makes no mention whatever of
O'Huidhrin :

" Nee stirpium Hiberniam, ante anna illuc ab Anglis illata, incolentium
nomenclaturam aliunde melius haurire poterimus, quam ex illo insigni
Joannis O'Duvegani poemate, cui melioris notse stemmata, quae suo ambitu
antiquitus Hibernia complexa est inseruit. Illius autem Hibernici script!
initium est: Triallam timcheall na Fodhla, &c., qua? verba hunc sensum
referunt, * O socii pulchrae fines obeamus lernes.' "

Which the Rev. M. Kelly thus translates :—

" Nor can we obtain the nomenclature of the tribes who inhabited Ireland
before the English had carried their arms thither, from any better source
than that remarkable poem by John O'Dubhagain, in which he has in-
serted the families of better note which Ireland anciently comprised within
its ambit. The beginning of that poem, which is written in Irish, is
' Triallam timcheall na Fodhla,' &c., which words convey this meaning :
' O, companions, let us traverse the territories of beauteous lerne.' "

Dr. Lynch's abstract of the poems was annotated by the Editor
of the present volume, in the edition of Cambrensis Eversus
edited by Rev. M. Kelly for the Celtic Society, in 1848-52.

Nearly opposite the quotation, " Triallam timcheall na Fodhla"
Dr. Lynch has, in the margin of p. 25, "In ejus libro, 221," from
which it appears that he took his abstract of the poem from
O'Dubhagain's book. The O'Clerys ascribe the authorship of the
first poem to O'Dubhagain, and of the second to O'Huidhrin ; and
it is very clear, from the first two quatrains of the second poem
ascribed to O'Huidhrin, that O'Dubhagain had left his work un-
finished, but not through ignorance, and that O'Huidhrin under-
took to complete a task which this learned man had not lived
to accomplish.

At the conclusion of his abstract of these poems, the author of
"Cambrensis Eversus" (Kelly's Ed., vol. i., p. 278) observes :

" Non sum nescius optimo poemati me decus omne detraxisse, quod in-
signis fragmenti, compage soluta, partes tumultuarifc dissipavi, sicut tere-
tem fabricam lapidum distractio venustate spoliat. Missum tamen illud
facere non volui, ut ex tarn locupleti monumento constaret, qui, ante

The Topographical Poems of O'Dubhagain, fyc. [ s ]

Anglos hue ingressos, Hibernise regiones incoluerunt. Plerasque autem &
rnemoratis in isto poeraate gentibus ; sub initio nuperi belli, non solum in
rerum natur& extiterunt, sed etiam aliae in aliquo pristinae ditionis angulo
perstiterunt, aliae latissimis latifundiis potiti sunt."

" I am conscious that the merit of the original excellent poem cannot
be appreciated from the hurried abstract which I have given of this re-
markable fragment ; just as all beauty and order departs from a stone
structure when the union of its component parts has been dissolved.
Nevertheless, 1 did not wish to omit an opportunity of giving from so
valuable a monument an account of the families who inhabited the various
territories of Ireland before the incursion of the English. Most of the
families which the poem mentions, were not only in existence at the com-
mencement of the late war, but some of them were even then occupying
portions of their old territories, and others enjoyed most extensive estates."

In his chapter on these poems, Dr. Lynch has strangely confused
tribes and families, evidently from translations made for him from
the originals, of which it would appear there were then extant
different copies interpolated in various places by unskilful hands
from other topographical tracts.

Edward O'Reilly, in his "Catalogue of Irish Writers," pp. 99, 100,
gives the following account of this poem, and its author, under
A.D. 1372 :—

" JOHN O'DuGAN, chief poet of O'Kelly, of Ibh Maine, died this year.
He was author of c A Topographical and Historical Poem,' of eight hundred
and eighty verses, beginning ''Cfiiallom nrncealt na pof>tcc:' 'Let us go
around Fodhla (Ireland)/ This poem gives the names of the principal
tribes and districts in Meath, Ulster, and Conaght, and the chiefs who
presided over them, at the time Henry II., King of England, was invited
to this country by Dermod Mac Morogh, King of Leinster.

"From the first line of this poem, and from the few ranns that this author
has left us, on the districts of the province of Leinster, it would seem that
it was his intention to have given a complete account of all the districts
and chief tribes in Ireland ; and it would be a cause of much regret, that
he left unfinished so interesting a work, if it had not afterwards been taken
up and completed by his contemporary, Giolla-na-naomh-O'Huidhrin, who
died, an old man, in the year 1420.

a 2

[ 4 ] Introduction.

" The work of O'Huidhrin has been sometimes joined to O'Dugan's
poem, so as to appear but one entire piece of one thousand six hundred
and sixty verses, and the merit of the whole is given to the latter, though
he really wrote but thirty-eight ranns, or one hundred and fifty-two verses
on Meath ; three hundred and fifty-four verses on Ulster, three hundred
and twenty-eight verses on Conaght; and fifty-six verses on Leinster,
making in all eight hundred and eighty verses. For the account of the
ancient families of Leath-Mogha (Leinster and Munster) we are indebted
to O'Huidhrin.

'* Copies of this poem are numerous, but few of them are perfect. The
copy used by the author of Cambrensis Eversus must have been incom-
plete, or he has not translated it fully. A complete copy in the hand-
writing of Cucoigcriche O'Clery, one of the Four Masters, is in the col-
lection of the Assistant Secretary," i.e., of O'Reilly himself.

This copy is now in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy.
Again, under the year 1420, p. cxix., O'Reilly writes :

" GIOLLA-NA-NAOMH O'HUIDHRIN, a learned historian, died this year,
according to the Annals of the Four Masters. He was author of a Topo-
graphical Poem, intended as a supplement to John O'Dugan's 'CfuaUcmi
nmceatl na poT>ta. We have seen, under the year 1372, that John
O'Dugan had given an account of the chief tribes and territories of Leath
Cuinn (Meath, Ulster, and Conaght) at the time of the Anglo-Norman
invasion. O'Huidhrin's work gives an account of the principal families
of Leath Mogha (Leinster and Munster), and the districts occupied by
them at the same period. The poem consists of seven hundred and eighty
verses, beginning "Cuilte f?eaf a ctji Ofiinn 615 : * An addition of know-
ledge on sacred Erin.'

"A very valuable copy of this poem, in the handwriting of Cucoigcriche
O'Clery, is in the collection of Manuscripts belonging to the Assistant-
Secretary to this [the Iberno Celtic] Society."

Various extracts from these Topographical Poems of O'Dubhagain
and O'Huidhrin have been already given by Doctor Lynch, in
his Cambrensis Eversus, and by the Editor in the notes to his edi-
tion of the Annals of the Four Masters, and in various other works
edited by him for the Irish Archaeological and Celtic Societies ; but
the entire original text, or a complete translation, has never been
published, and the present edition is the only perfect one that has

The Topographical Poems of O'Dubhagaln fy O'Huidhrin. [ s ]

yet appeared. All the discoveries and identifications of ancient
territories and tribes made by investigators up to the present day
will be found embodied in the notes.

These poems are written in the metre called by the Irish Dan
direach, which O'Molloy pronounces the most difficult under the
sun. Each quatrain should consist of four lines, each line gene-
rally of seven syllables ; every line must exhibit alliteration, and
the lines should end so as to form a kind of rhyme with each other
successively or alternately. Every quatrain should also exhibit
union and head.

O'Molloy's observations on this metre are as follows : —

" Carmen apud Hibernos est triplex, scilicet metrum, vulgo Dan T>1 j\each,
et bfuiitinscccchu, et o^tacTiaf, de quibus infra. Maxime autem de me-
tro, omnium quae unquam vidi, vel audivi ausim dicere, quse sub sole re-
periuntur, difficillimo ; quo nimirum bene semel cognito, nulla in reliquis
cognoscendis supererit difficultas. Carmen hoc ut evadat metrum, Hiber-
nis Dan Dijieccch vel fiann T)if\eccch septem necessario expostulat, certum
scilicet syllabarum numerum, quartorum numerum, concordiam, corres-
pond entiam, extrema, seu terminos, union em et caput, qua? vulgb dicuntur
titnrnhifi, cheoxhyiomhom emrecccu fhiottcroh m ^ccc ceoxhfiorfictin,
uctim, comhaft'Da'oh, fun, agtif 01111)11111 uaitne, a^tif cecmn." — Gram-
matica Latino- ffibernica, authore Rev. P. Fr. Francisco O'Molloy,
EomcB 1677, pay. 143-4. See also the Editor's Irish Grammar, pp. 412,
419.

The style of the poems is necessarily very stiff, in some instances
defective, and in others redundant. The adjectives, sometimes
lavishly used, are neither descriptive of the families nor their ter-
ritories, except in very rare instances, but merely introduced for
the sake of filling up the metre, and to complete the peculiarly me-
chanical structure of the verse. This will be evident from a com-
parison of the two copies used, which exhibit very different epithets.
These epithets have been closely translated, which gives the Eng-
lish version, in many instances, a rude appearance, but this could
not have been avoided without abandoning the attempt to give a
literal translation.

The orthography is in general that of the seventeenth century,

[ e j Introduction.

the age in which the O'Clerys lived ; sometimes, however, they
have introduced very ancient forms of spelling, and they mostly
use the aspirations and eclipses common in their own times, as pp,
pp, rr. They adhere, however, to no regular rule, but write some-
times the ancient, sometimes modern orthography in the most
capricious manner.

OF THE ANCIENT NAMES OF TEIBES AND TERRITORIES IN IRELAND.

To save useless repetition in the notes, some general explana-
tions are here given of the names of tribes and territories which
are of most frequent occurrence throughout these poems, and it
has been also deemed necessary to add some notices of the manner
in which Irish names and surnames have been disguised by the
custom which has been adopted of reducing both to English forms.

It is now universally admitted, that the ancient names of
tribes in Ireland were not derived from the territories which they
inhabited, but from certain of their distinguished ancestors. In
nine cases out of ten, names of territories and of the tribes inhabit-
ing them are identical. The tribe names were formed from those
of their ancestors, by prefixing the following words: —

1 . Cinel, kindred, race, descendants ; as Cinel Eoghain, the
race of Eoghan — genus Eugenii. Cinel Conaill, the race of
Conall ; and this prefix is still retained in the baronies of Kinelarty,
Kinelmeaky, Kinelea.

2. Clann, children, race, descendants; as Clann Colmain, the
race of Colman, the tribe name of the O'Melaghlins, of Meath.

3. Core, Corca, race, progeny ; as Corca Bhaiscinn, the race of
Baiscinn, in the county of Clare; Corca-Duibhne, the race of
Duibhne, in the county of Kerry.

4. Dal, tribe, progeny ; as Dal-Biada, Dal-Araidhe, Dal-Mesin-
corb, Dal Cais, &c.

5. Macu. This prefix appears in very ancient Manuscripts in the
sense of filiorum, as Dubthach Macu Lugair, "Dubthach of the
sons of Lugar."

6. Muintir, family, people; as Muintir Maoilmordha, the tribe

Ancient Names of Irish Tribes and Territories. [ 7 ]

name of the O'Reillys, of East Brefney; Muintir Murchadha, the
tribe name of the O'Flahertys, of West Connaught.

7. Siol, seed, progeny; as Siol-Muireadhaigh, the tribe name of
the O'Conors and their correlatives, in the present county of Ros-
common; Siol-Anmchadha, the tribe name of the O'Maddens, of
Hy-Many; Siol-Maoelruanaidh, the tribe name of the Mac Der-
mots, of Moylurg.

8. Tealach, family ; as Tealach Eachdhach, the tribe name of the
Magaurans, in the county Cavan ; Tealach Dunchadha, the tribe
name of the Mac Kernans, in the same county.

9. Sliocht, progeny; as Sliocht Aedha Slaine, the progeny of
Aedh Slaine, in Meath ; Sliocht Aineslis, the progeny of Stanislaus,
the tribe name of a sept of the O'Donovans, in the parish of Kil-
meen, in the county of Cork.

10. Ua, grandson, descendant ; plural Ui; dative or abl. Uibh.
This word which is evidently cognate with the Greek mog, filius,
appears in the names of Irish tribes more frequently than any of
the preceding terms, as Ui-Neill, the descendants of Niall, the
tribe name of the families descended from Niall of the Nine Hos-
tages, monarch of Ireland in the beginning of the fifth century ;
Ui-Briuin, i.e. the descendants of Brian, the tribe name of the de-
scendants of Brian, the eldest brother of the same monarch.

Some have supposed that the word Ui, in such names signifies
land or territory ; but that this is an error, is very clear from the
ancient writers. Adamnan, Abbot of Hy, in the seventh century,
in his Vita Columbce, published by this Society in 1856, invariably
renders ua, ui, uibh, by nepos, nepotes, nepotibus, his habit
being to substitute Latin equivalents for Irish proper names as
often as practicable. Thus in lib. ii., c. xvi., he renders Ua Briuin,
nepos Briuni; in lib. iii., c. v., he translates Ua Ainmirech, nepos
Ainmirech, retaining the Irish genitive of the name Ainmire; in
lib. iii., c. xvii., Ua Liathain, nepos Liathain; in lib. i., c. xlix., Ui-
Neill, nepotes Neilli,i.e., the descendants of Niall; and in lib. i., c.
xxii., Ui Tuirtre, nepotes Tuirtre. The same interpretation of this
word, ua, ui, uibh, is supported by the authority of the annalist

[ 8 ] Introduction.

Tighernach, and by that of the compiler of the Annals of Ulster,
and various writers of the lives of Irish Saints : it is therefore
unnecessary to adduce more examples in this place ; but it may be
observed, that Colgan, Lynch, O'Flaherty, and all those who treated
of Irish history in the Latin language have understood the word
exclusively in this sense. However, although Ui does not originally
signify land or territory, the tribe name beginning with this word is
often used to signify the territory inhabited by the tribe, in the same
way as the names of tribes on Ptolemy's map of Ireland, and in
Caesar's Commentaries on the Gallic War. Accordingly, while the
editor has, in his edition of the Annals of the Four Masters,
classed all words beginning with Ua or 0 under the Index Nomi-
num. he has assigned those in Ui to the Index Locorum.

Besides the words above enumerated, which being prefixed to the
names of progenitors formed tribe names, there are others to be occa-
sionally met with after which the names of territories are placed,
as aes, people, fir, men, aicme, tribe, pobul, people ; as Aes-Greine, a
people, situated in the north-east of the present county of Limerick ;
Aes-tri-maighe, i.e., the people of the three plains in the same
county ; Fir Maighe Feine, now Fermoy ; Fir-Rois, the men of
Ross, the name of a people in the present county of Monaghan ;
Fir-Arda, a tribe seated in, and giving name to the barony of
Ferrard, in the present county of Louth; Pobul Droma, in the
present county of Tipperary.

Many other Irish names of tribes are formed by the addition of
terminations, such as raigke, aighe, ne, acht, to the cognomens of
their ancestors, as Caenraighe, Muscraighe, Dartraighe, Calraighe,
Ciarraighe, Tradraighe, Partraighe, Osraighe, Orbhraighe, Greag-
raighe, Ernaidhe, Mairtine, Conmaicne, Olnegmacht, Connacht,
Cianacht, Eoghanacht, &c. These are the usual forms of the tribe-
names among the descendants of the Ait/tech Tuatha, or Attacotic
families, enumerated in the Books of Lecan and Leinster, as exist-
ing in Ireland in the first century ; and it is not improbable that
the tribe-nanfes given on Ptolemy's map of Ireland are partly
fanciful translations, and partly modifications of them.

Ancient Names of Irish Tribes and Territories. [ 9 ]

The earliest dissertation, on the subject of surnames, which we
know of, is that given by Plutarch in his Life of Caius Marcius
Coriolanus, but the names referred to by him bear more resemblance
to sobriquets than to hereditary surnames.

It is stated by Ware, Keating, and Dr. John Lynch, that family
names or hereditary surnames first became fixed in Ireland in the
reign of Brian Borumha, A.D. 1002-1014. This assertion has been
repeated by all the subsequent Irish writers, but none of them have
attempted to question or prove it. The most ancient authority on
this subject is found in a fragment of a Manuscript in the Library
of Trinity College, Dublin (H. 2. 15.), supposed to be a part of
Mac Liag's Life of Brian Borumha, which states : —

1f e bfiicm cue .tin. rnainifqneccca eicift aif>me 7 eccUxxc, 7 pecqrtonn
amccc ; 7 T>OC ctoicueac ufticca; ; 7 if taif fio T)aiTi5neat> an u-ofvo pofoa ;
7 if pi a ^1T1T1 cuccro ftoinnre cqn ctif , 7 miuhatxx -DO na ftoinnue, 7
T>O fiinne quccofiecu caca uuaice, 7 ^aca qfuccc ceT>.

" It was Brian that endowed seven monasteries, both [in] furniture and
cattle and land ; and thirty-two cloictheachs [or round towers] ; and it was
by him the marriage ceremony was confirmed ; and it was during his time
surnames were first given, and territories were [allotted] to the surnames,
and the boundaries of every lordship and cantred were fixed."

That this statement is more rhetorical than coiTect will appear
from the following alphabetical list, showing the periods at which
the progenitors of various important native families flourished
or died, according to the Irish Annals. The dates have been
added for the most part from the Annals of Ulster, or of the Four
Masters.

Fox \_Sinach~] of Teffia, slain 1084.

MacCarthy of Desmond, slain 1043.

MacEgan of Ui-Maine, flourished 940.

MacEochy, or Keogh, of Ui-Maine, 1290.

MacGillapatrick of Ossory, slain 995.

MaeMurrough of Leinster, died 1070.

MacNamara of Thomond, flourished 1074.

O'Boyle of Tirconnell, flourished 900.

[ io ] Introduction.

O'Brien of Thomond, died 1014.
O'Byrne of Leinster, died 1050.
O'Cahill of Ui-Fiachrach, flourished 900.
O'Callaghan of Desmond, flourished 1092.
O'Canannan of Tirconnell, flourished 950.
O'Clery of South Ui-Fiachrach, flourished 850.
O'Conor of Connaught, died 974.
O'Conor of Corcomruadh, died 1002.
O'Conor of Offaly, died 977.
O'Dea of Thomond, flourished 1014.
O'Doherty of Tirconnell, flourished 901.
O'Donnell of Corco-Bhaiscin, slain 1014.
O'Donnell of Ui-Maine, flourished 960.
O'Donnell of Tirconnell, flourished 950.
O'Douoghue of Desmond, flourished 1030.
O'Donovan, slain 976.
O'Dowda of Tireragh, flourished 876.
O'Dugan of Fermoy, flourished 1050.
O'Faelain of Decies, flourished 970.
O'Flaherty of lar Connaught, flourished 970.
O'Oallagher of Tirconnell, flourished 950.
O'Heyne of Ui-Fiachrach, flourished 950.
O'Keeffe of Desmond, flourished 950.
O'Kelly of Ui-Maine, flourished 874.
O'Kevan of Ui-Fiachrach, flourished 876.
O'Loughlin of Burren, died 983.
O'Madden of Ui-Maine, flourished 1009.
O'Mahony of Desmond, slain 1014.
O'Melaghlin of Meath, died 1022.
O'Molloy of Fera Ceall, slain 1019.
O'Muldory of Tirconnell, flourished 870.
O'Neill of Ulster, slain 919.
O'Quin of Thomond, flourished 970.
O'Ruarc of Breifny, died 893.
O'Scanlan of Ui-Fiachrach, flourished 946.
O'Shaughnessy of Ui-Fiachrach, flourished 1 100.
O'Sullivan of Desmond, flourished 950.
O'Tuathail or O'Toole of Leinster, died 950.

Ancient Names of Irish Tribes and Territories. [ 11 ]

From this list it is evident, that in the formation of surnames
at this period, the several families adopted the names of their fa-
thers with the prefix Mac, or of their grandfathers, or more remote
ancestors, with the prefix O'. The O'Neills of Ulster took their
surname from Niall Glundubh, Monarch of Ireland, killed by the
Danes in the year 919; the O'Briens of Thomond, took theirs
from Brian Borumha, Monarch of Ireland, slain at the battle of
Clontarf in the year 1014; and it will be seen, that the ancestors
of the most distinguished Irish families, whose names have been
preserved in the surnames of their descendants, flourished from the
year 900 to 950, or 1000. A few exceptions will, however, be
found, as in the family of O'Dowda of Tireragh, whose progenitor,
Dubhda, flourished about the year 876 ; in that of O'Kelly of Ui-
Maine, whose ancestor, Ceallach, flourished as early as the year
874 ; and in that of O'Ruarc, of Breifny, whose progenitor, Ruarc,
flourished from about the year 820 till 893.

There are, also, instances to be met with of surnames, established
in the tenth century, having been changed to others which were
taken from progenitors who flourished at a considerably later period,
as O'Mulrony, of Moylurg, who assumed the surname of Mac Der-
mott, from Dermott, chief of Moylurg, who died in the year 1159 ;a
and O'h-Eochy, of Ulidia, who changed the family name to Mac
Donlevy.

There are also instances of minor branches of great tribes,
having changed the original prefix O' to Mac, or Mac O', or I, when,
having acquired new territories for themselves, they became inde-
pendent or separate families, as O'Brien to Mac I-Brien and Mac
Brien, in the instances of Mac I-Brien Ara, Mac Brien Coonagh,
and Mac Brien Aharlagh, all offshoots from the great O'Brien
family of Thomond; and O'Neill to Mac I-Neill Buidhe, in the
instance of a branch of the Tyrone family, who settled in the four-
teenth century in the counties of Down and Antrim. These sur-
names having been rejected in modern times, the original surnames
of O'Brien and O'Neill have been restored.

1 The year 1159 — Memoirs of C. O'Conor, page 305.

[ 12 ] Introduction.

A branch of the O'Kellys, of Ui Maine, in Connaught, took the
name of Mac Eochy, now Keogh, from an ancestor, Eochy O'Kelly,
who flourished about the year 1290; a branch of the O'Conors, of
Connaught, took the name of Mac Manus, from Maghnus (son of
Turlogh O'Conor, King of Ireland), who died in the year 1181;
and a branch of the Maguires, of Fermanagh, also, took the sur-
name of Mac Manus, from Maghnus, the son of Don Maguire, chief
of Fermanagh, who died in 1302. A branch of the O'Kanes, of
Ulster, took the name of Mac Bloscaidh (now Mac Closkey), from
Bloscadh O'Kane, who flourished in the thirteenth century.
Branches of the O'Dohertys, of Inishowen, took the surnames of
Mac Devitt and Mac Connell Og at a comparatively late period.

It is, therefore, clear, that Irish family names, or hereditary sur-
names, are formed from the genitive case singular of the names of
ancestors who flourished in the tenth, or beginning of the eleventh
century, or at least from the year 850 till 1290, by prefixing 0' or,
Mac, as O'Neill, Mac Carthy, Mac Murrough. The prefix O', other-
wise written Ua, literally signifies nepos, or grandson, in which
sense it is still used in the province of Ulster ; and in a more en-
larged sense, any male descendant, like the Latin nepos; Mac
literally signifies son, like the Anglo-Norman prefix Fitz; and in
a more extended sense any male descendant. The word O' or Ha,
as has been already observed, is translated nepos, and Mac, filius,
by Adamnan and various other writers ; and the latter word is
evidently cognate with the Welsh Map, or Ap, and equivalent to
the Anglo-Norman Fitz, which is a corruption of the Latin filius.

Giraldus Cambrensis, in his Hibernia Expugnata (lib. i., c. vi),
latinizes the name of the King of Leinster, Dermod Mac Murchadh,
Dermitius Murchardides, from which it is evident, that he re-
garded the prefix Mac as equivalent to the Greek patronymic ter-
mination i£j;e. The only difference, therefore, to be observed be-
tween O' and Mac in surnames is, that the family who took the
prefix Mac, called themselves after their father, and those who took
the prefix 0', formed their surname from the name of their grand-
father, or a more remote ancestor.

Ancient Names of Irish Tribes and Territories, [isj

Ni, a contraction of inghen, a daughter, was used in the sur-
names of women, instead of the Mac, Ua, or 0' ; thus, a female
of the O'Brien family was called Ni-Brien ; of the O'Donovans,
Ni-Donovan ; but this is now obsolete among the English
speaking portion of the Irish population, although most rigidly
adhered to by those who speak the Irish language.

It is not, perhaps, an improbable conjecture, that at the period
when surnames first became hereditary, some families went back
several generations to select an illustrious ancestor from whom
to take a surname. A very extraordinary instance of this mode
of forming Irish surnames occurred in our own time in the
province of Connaught, where John Geoghegan (or more correctly
MacEochagain, Anglice Mageoghegan), Esq., of Bunowen Castle,
in the west of the county of Galway, applied to George IV. for
licence to reject the surname which his ancestors had borne for
about 800 years, from their progenitor, Eochagan, son of Cosgrach,
chief of Cinel-Fiacha, in Westmeath, in the tenth century, and to
take a new name from his more remote and more illustrious
ancestor, Niall of the Nine Hostages, monarch of Ireland in the
fourth century. His Majesty granted this licence, and the sons
and grandsons of this John Geoghegan now bear the name of
O'Neill. The other branches of the family of Mageoghegan, how-
ever, still retain the surname which was established in the tenth
century, as the distinguishing appellative of the chief family of
the race of Fiacha, a younger son of the monarch Niall of the Nine
Hostages.

From the similarity and practical import attached to the words
O' and Mac in surnames, it might be expected that they should be
generally considered as conferring each the same respectability on
the bearer ; yet this is far from being the case, for it is popularly
believed in every part of Ireland, that the prefix 0' was a kind of
title among the Irish; that Mac was a mark of no distinction
whatever; and that any common Irishman may bear the prefix
Mac, while one must have some claims to royalty, nobility, or
gentility of birth, before he can presume to prefix O' to his name.

[ H ] Introduction.

This is universally the feeling in the province of Connaught,
where the gentry of Milesian descent style themselves O'Conor,
O'Flaherty, O'Malley, O'Dowda, O'Hara, O'Gara, &c., and the
peasantry, their collateral relatives, are styled Connor, Flaherty,
Malley, Dowd, Kara, Gara, &c. AD this, however, is a popular
error, for the prefix O' is in nowise more respectable than Mac,
nor is either the one or the other an index to any respectability
whatever, inasmuch as every family of Firbolgic, Milesian, and
even Danish origin, in Ireland, is entitled to bear either O' or Mac
as the first part of its surname. This popular error is of compara-
tively modern growth. It has been generally known that O'Neill
was King of Ulster, O'Conor king of Connaught, O'Brien king of
Munster, and hence it is assumed that the prefix 0' must be a
mark of great distinction. But some of the humblest characters in
Irish history have borne the prefix 0', and some of the noblest that
of Mac, as Mac Murrogh, king of Leinster, Mac Carthy, king of
Desmond, Mac Mahon, king of Oriel, and Magenis, chief of Iveagh,
in Ulster. The Patent Rolls of the reign of James I. show that the
O' was prefixed to the surnames of the obscurest and humblest
families of the native Irish as well as to those of the highest ; and
that the O' is much more common than the Mac in Irish surnames
of that period.

It is, therefore, certain that the prefixes O' and Macb are of equal
import, both meaning male descendant, and that neither indicates

b The prefixes G1 and Mac. — It has been alleged that the names which begin with Mac
are, generally speaking, much more modern than those which commence with 0', and for the
most part belong to branches, which struck off long after the 0' had been established in the
name. It must be confessed, however, that the descendants of the Irish in the Highlands
of Scotland never adopted the 0', for which no reason has been adduced. It appears from
the Census of Ireland for 1851, that the O's are nearly all dropped, except among the gentry,
while the Macs have increased, particularly in Ulster, owing no doubt to Scottish coloniza-
tion and influence. Many families of Highland descent have Anglicised their names, as Mac-
Donald to Donaldson, MacAedha to Hughson or Hewson, MacEan to Johnson, &c. Even
some of the descendants of the historical family of O'Brollaghan, who emigrated from Ulster
to the Highlands, have changed their name to Brodie. This change was evidently made
to disguise their Irish origin. In Ireland the name of O'Brollaghan is always anglicised
Bradley, and, as might be expected, it is popularly believed that Bradley is an English
translation of O'Brollaghan.

Ancient Names of Irish Tribes and Territories. [ is]

any kind of respectability, unless where the pedigree is proved,
and the history of the family distinguished.

As examples, the names of O'Donovan and Mac Carthy may
be adduced. The former, previous to the Revolution of 1 688, had
the O' always prefixed as an indication of descent from Donovan,
chief of the plains of Ui Fidhgeinte, in the now county of Limerick,
who was slain by the monarch Brian Borumha, in the year 977 ;
but the Mac prefixed in the latter name is a mark of better
descent, namely, from Carthach, great-grandson of Ceallachan
Cashel, king of Munster, whose descendants held royal sway in
Desmond before the English invasion, and who, after the fall of the
Geraldines, enjoyed the highest rank in the same territory under
the English Government till the Revolution of 1688.

This popular error seems to derive some countenance from the
fact that the ancient Irish, for some reason which we cannot now
understand, never prefixed the O' in any surname derived from
art, trade, or science (O'Gowan, from gobhan, "a smith/' perhaps,
only excepted), the prefix Mac having been always used in such in-
stances; for we never meet with, as derivatives from saor, "a carpen-
ter," or bard, "a poet," orfilidh, "a poet," the forms 0' an tSaoir,
O' an Bhaird, 0' an Fhilidh, but Mac an tSaoir, Mac an Fhilidh,
Mac an Bhaird ; and surnames thus formed never ranked as high
as those which were formed from the names of kings or chieftains.

It may be also remarked, that the O' was never prefixed to
names beginning with the word gilla, youth, gilly, or servant, the
cause of which is also obscure.

Another very strange error prevails in the North of Ireland re-
specting these prefixes 0' and Mac: that every surname in the
province of Ulster of which Mac forms the first syllable is of
Highland Scotch origin, while those beginning with O' are of
Irish origin, for example, that O'Neill and O'Kane are Irish, while
Mac Loughlin and Mac Closkey are of Scotch descent. This error
owes its origin to the fact, that the Scotch families never prefix
the 0' in their names, while the Irish use the 0' far more fre-
quently than the Mac ; it happens, however, that in the two in-

[ 16 ] Introduction.

stances adduced, the family of Mac Loughlin is the senior branch
of that of O'Neill, and that Mac Closkey is a well-known offshoot
of that of O'Kane. The preponderance of the O' prefix in the sur-
names of Irish families over the Mac appears from the Genea-
logical Irish books, and from the Patent Rolls of James I., in which
there are at least two surnames beginning with O' for one begin-
ning with Mac. The same fact also appears from the Index to the
Annals of the Four Masters. At the present day, however, the
very reverse will be found to be the fact — nearly all the O's are
rejected and the Macs retained.

An idea likewise popular among the Irish of every class is, that
only five Irish families are entitled to have the 0' prefixed in their
surnames, while it is universally admitted, that any Irish family
from Mac Carthy and Mac Murrough down to Mac Gucken and Mac
Phaudeen, has full title to the prefix Mac. This notion may have
arisen from the fact, that for some centuries after the English set-
tlement, but five families of mere Irish blood were admitted to
the privilege of English law. These were O'Brien, O'Neill, O'Conor,
O'Melaghlin, and Mac Murrogh.

Another extraordinary error prevailed among the Irish gentry
of Milesian blood, viz., that the chief of the family was alone
entitled to have the O' prefixed in his surname ; but there is
not a single passage in the authentic Irish Annals, in the Anglo-
Irish records, or in the Genealogical Irish Books, which even
suggests that such a custom ever existed among the ancient
Irish at any period of their history; for every member of the
family had the O' prefixed in his name as well as the chief
himself. But a distinction was made between the chief and the
members of his sept in the following manner : — In all official do-
cuments the chief used the surname only, Misi O'Neill, " I am
O'Neill ;" Misi O'Domhnaill, " I am O'Donnell ;" like the King
of Spain's signature, "Yo El Rey" In conversation, also, the
surname only was used, but the definite article was frequently
prefixed, as the O'Neill, the O'Conor, the O'Brien ; while in annals,
and other historical documents, in which it was necessary to dis-

Ancient Irish Agnomina. [ 17 j

tinguish a particular chief from his predecessors or ancestors, the
chief of a family was designated by giving him the family name
first, and the Christian or baptismal name after it in a parenthesis.
But the subordinate members of the chiefs family and sept had
their Christian names always prefixed, as at the present day, and
the 0' always retained as Brian O'Neill, Con O'Donnell, Turlogh
O'Brien.

OF ANCIENT IRISH AGNOMINA.

Besides the surnames, or hereditary family names, which the
Irish people assumed from the names of their ancestors, by prefix-
ing O or Mac, it appears from the Irish Annals, Genealogical
Books, &o., that most, if not all their chieftains, had attached
to their Christian names, and sometimes to their surnames,
certain agnomina by which they were distinguished from one
another. These agnomina, or as they may, in many instances, be
called sobriquets, were in several cases given them from some
acquirement, personal peculiarity, disposition or quality of mind,
or from their places of fosterage, and very frequently from
the places where they died or were killed. Of the greater
number of these agnomina the pedigree of the royal Irish
family of O'Neill furnishes examples, as Niall Ruadh, i.e., Niall
the Bed, who flourished about the year 1225, and was so called
from his having had red hair; Aedh Toinleasc [podiee-segnis] who
died in 1230, so called by antiphrasis, from his restless activity;
Niallifor, Niall the Great, or the Large-bodied, who died in 1397;
Conn Bacach, Con the Lame, created Earl of Tyrone in 1542.
Of the same family were Henry Aimhreidh, Henry the Conten-
tious ; Shane an-diomais, John of the pride or ambition ; Aedh
Balbli, Aedh the Stammering; Aedh Ballach, Aedh the Speckled;
Aedh Buidhe, Aedh the Yellow ; Aedh Reamhar, Aedh the Fat ;
Aedh Geimhleach, Aedh of the Fetters.

Of the agnomina derived from the places at which, and the
families by whom they were fostered, the same tribe of O'Neill

*

[ 18 ] Introduction.

affords several instances, as Turlough Luineach, so called from his
having been fostered by O'Luinigh, chief of Muinter Luinigh in
Tyrone; Niall Conallach, so styled from his having been fostered
in Tir Connell ; Shane Donnellagh, another name of Shane-
an-diomais, already mentioned, who was so called from his having
been fostered by O'Donnelly ; Felim Doibhleanach, from his foster-
father, O'Devlin, chief of Muinter Doibhlean, near Lough Neagh, on
the borders of the now counties of Londonderry and Tyrone.
Various agnomina given to Irish chieftains from the place or
territory in which they were fostered, are also frequently to
be met with in the pedigrees of families, as in that of O'Brien
of Thomond, Donogh Cairbreach, who was so called from his
having been fostered in the territory of Cairbre Aebhdha, in the
present county of Limerick. In the family of Mac Murrough of
Leinster, Donnell Cavanagh was so named from having been
fostered by the comharba, or ecclesiastical successor of St. Cavan, at
Kilcavan, near Gorey, in Odea, in the present county of Wexford.
The agnomen of this Donnell has been adopted for many centuries as
a surname by his descendants, a practice very unusual among Irish
families. In the family of Mac Donnell of Scotland, which is of Irish
descent, John Cahanach was so called from his having been fostered
by O'Cahan, or O'Kane, in the present county of Londonderry.

The genealogical histories of other Irish families record various
instances of agnomina having been applied by posterity to chief-
tains from the place of their death: as, in tlie family of O'Kelly,
Tadhg, chief of Ui-Maine, is called Catha Bhriain, of the Battle
of Brien, from his having been slain in the battle of Clontarf,
fought by Brian Borumha against the Northmen, in the year 1014.
This battle is also called the "Battle of Brian" in the Danish Sagas,
and the ancestors of Danish families who fought in it are simi-
larly designated by Danish genealogists. In the family of O'Neill,
Brian Catha Duin, " of the Battle of Down,"c was so called by
posterity from his having been slain in a battle fought at Down-
patrick, in the year 1 260. In the family of O'Brien, Conor na

rT/te Battle <>f Down —See the Miscellany of the Celtic Society, 1849, pp. vii., 145-183.

Ancient Irish Agnomina. [ 19 ]

Siudaine was so called in after times, from his having been killed
at the wood of Siudain, in the year ] 267 ; and in the family of
Mac Carthy, the noted Finghin Reanna JRoin was so surnamed
from his having been slain by the English at the castle of Rinn
Roin (Ringrone), in the year 1261.

On this subject of agnomina and sobriquets among the Irish,
Sir Henry Piers speaks as follows, in the year 1682, in his Choro-
graphical Description of the County of Westmeath, which was
written in the form of a letter to Anthony Dopping, Bishop of
Meath, and published about a century afterwards in the first
volume of Vallancey's Collectanea : —

" Every Irish surname or family name hath either O or Mac prefixed,
concerning which I have found some make this observation, but I dare
not undertake that it shall hold universally true, that such as have O
prefixed were of old superior lords or princes, as O'Neal, O'Donnell,
O'Melaghlin, &c., and such as have Mac were only great men, viz., lords,
thanes, as Mac Gennis, Mac Loghlin, Mac Doncho, &c. But however this
observation [may] hold, it is certain they take much liberty, and seem to
do it with delight, in giving of nicknames ; if a man have any imper-
fection or evil habit, he shall be sure to hear of it in the nickname. Thus,
if he be blind, lame, squint-eyed, grey-eyed, be a stammerer in speech,
left -handed, to be sure he shall have one of these added to his name; so also
from his colour of hair, as black, red, yellow, brown, &c. ; and from his
age, as young, old ; or from what he addicts himself to, or much delights
in, as in draining, building, fencing, and the like ; so that no man what-
ever can escape a nickname who lives among them, or converseth with
them ; and sometimes so libidinous are they in this kind of raillery, they
will give nicknames per antiphrasim, or contrariety of speech. Thus a
man of excellent parts, and beloved of all men, shall be called grana, that
is, naughty or fit to be complained of; if a man have a beautiful counten-
ance, or lovely eyes, they will call him Cuiegh, that is, squint-eyed ; if a
great house-keeper, he shall be called Ackerisagh, that is, greedy." —
(Collectanea, vol. I., p. 113.)

In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, when the Irish
families had increased, and their territories were divided into
two or more parts among rivals of the same family, each of

62

[ 20 ] Introduction.

the contending chieftains adopted some addition to the family
surname, for the sake of distinction. Thus, among the O'Conors
of Connacht we find O'Conor Don, i.e., O' Conor the Brown-haired,
and O'Conor Ruadh, i.e., Red-haired. The distinction in this case
was first made in the year 1384, when Turlogh Don and Turlogh
Ruadh, who had been for some time emulating each other for the
chieftainship of Sil-Murray, agreed to have it divided equally
between them ; on which occasion it was arranged that the former
should be called O'Conor Don, and the latter O'Conor Ruadh. —
Annals Four Mast., A.D., 1384, p. 702. It is now erroneously
supposed by some that the epithet Don added to the name of the
chief of this sept is of Spanish origin.

In Connaught we also find the Mac Dermots, of Moylurg, divided
into three distinct families, the head of whom was styled the Mac
Dermot, and the other two, who were tributary to him, called
Mac Dermot Ruadh, the Red, and Mac Dermot Gall, or the Angli-
cised. In Thomond the Mac Namaras split into two distinct fami-
lies, distinguished by the names of Mac Namara Finn, the Fair-
haired, and Mac Namara Reagh, or the Swarthy.

In Desmond, the family of Mac Carthy separated into three great
branches, known by the names of Mac Carthy MOT, the Great ; Mac
Carthy Reagh, the Swarthy ; and Mac Carthy Muscraigheach, of
Muskerry ; and there were various minor branches of the same
family, known as Mac Carthy Glas, the Green ; Mac Carthy Cluasach,
of the long ears ; Mac Carthy Duna, Mac Carthy Muckalagh, and
various others. The O'Sullivans likewise divided into several
septs, as O'Sullivan Mor, the Great ; O'Sullivan Beare, of Bear ;
and Mac Finghin, and Mac Laurence. The O'Donovans, into
O'Donovan Mor, the Great ; O'Donovan of Claim Lough] in, Mac
Eneslis O'Donovan, now O'Donovan Rossa. The O'Kennedys of
Ormond, into O'Kennedy Finn, the Fair ; O'Kennedy Don, the
Brown; and O'Kennedy Ruadh, the Red. The O'Ferralls of
Annaly, into O'Ferral Ban, the White; and O'Ferrall Buidhe,
the Yellow. Mac Murrough, of Leinster, into Mac Davy Mor,
Kavanaghs, arid Kinsellaghs. The O'Byrnes, of Wicklow, into

Irish Names assumed by the English. [ 21 3

O'Byrnes and Ranelaghs. The Mac Gillapatricks, of Ossory, into
Fitz Patricks, and O'Donoghues, now Dunphys. The O'Doghertys,
of Inishowen, into O'Doghertys, Mac Devitts, and Mac Connell-
oges.

OP THE IRISH NAMES ANCIENTLY ASSUMED BY THE ENGLISH IN IRELAND.

The foregoing notices are sufficient to indicate the nature of the
surnames and agnomina in use among the Scotic or Milesian Irish
families. A few observations may now be made on the effect which
the Anglo-Norman invasion, and the introduction of English laws,
language, and names, have had in changing or modifying them ;
and on the other hand, the influence which the Irish may have
had in changing or modifying the English surnames.

After the murder of the Great Earl of Ulster, William de Burgo,
the third Earl of that name, in 1333, and the consequent lessen-
ing of the English power in Ireland, many, if not all the distin-
guished Anglo-Norman families seated in Connaught and Mun-
ster became Hibernicised — Hibernis ipsis Hiberniores — spoke the
Irish language, and assumed surnames like those of the Irish, by
prefixing Mac to the Christian names of their ancestors, but not O'
in any instance : for which latter fact no reason has been assigned.
Thus the De Burgos, in Connaught, assumed the name of Mac Wil-
liam, from their great ancestor, William Fitz-Adelm De Burgo,
and became divided into two great branches, called Mac William
Uachtar and Mac William lochtair* i.e., Mac William Upper, and

d Mac William lochtair. — It is worthy of remark here, that Sir Henry Docwra, in his
Narration of the Services of Sir Richard Bingham in the province of Connaught, in the
reign of Queen Elizabeth (printed in the Miscellany of the Celtic Society), does not appear
to have known that the Lower Mac William Bourkes, of whom the Earl of Mayo is the
present chief, were of Anglo-Norman descent ; and that the compiler of the Book of Howth
thought that Mac William of Clanrickard, the ancestor of the Marquis of Clanrickarde,
was a mere Irishman, not of English or British descent. The truth is, the Bourkes of
Connaught had become so Irish, that the nobility of the English Pale in Ireland affected
to regard them as of mere Irish descent.

[ 22 j Introduction.

Mac William Lower, the former seated in the county of Galway,
and the latter in the county of Mayo, and from these sprang many
offsets, who took various surnames from their respective ancestors,
as the Mac Davids of Glinsk, the Mac Philbins of Dun-Mugdord, in
the county of Mayo, the Mac Shoneens, now Jennings, and the
Mac Gibbons, now Gibbons; Mac Walters and Mac Kaymonds.

The Burkes of Gallstown and Balmontin, in the barony of Igrine,
county Kilkenny, who descended from the Red Earl of Ulster,
took the name of Gall, or foreigner, i. e., Englishman; and a
member of this family who passed into the Austrian service, and
became a Count of the German Empire, and Chamberlain to
Ferdinand II., and Ferdinand III., assumed the name of Gall Von
Bourcke.0

The Berminghams of Dunmore and Athenry in Connaught, and
of Carbury in Leinster, took the surname of Mac Feoris, from an
ancestor, Pierce, in Irish Feoris, son of Meyler Bermingham, who
was one of the principal heads of that family in Ireland. The chief
of the family of Staunton took the surname of Mac Aveely, or son
of Milo, from an ancestor Milo Staunton/ The chief of the Barretts
of Tirawley in Connaught, took the surname of Mac Wattin, and
minor branches of the same family called themselves Mac Andrew,
Mac Tomin, and Mac Robert ; the former was seated in the Bacs
territory, situated between Lough Con and the River Moy, and
the others at Dundonnell in Erris. An Anglo-Norman or Welsh
family, settled in the Route, in the county Antrim, took the

• Gall Von BourcTce. — In a Manuscript in Trinity College, Dublin, (F. 1. 21) it is
erroneously stated that this family was also called Sassenagh — See the Journal of the
Kilkenny and South-East of Ireland Archaeological Society, vol. iii, (new series), p. 97.

f HiloStaimton. — There is a remarkable petition in the Irish Correspondence in the State
Paper Office, from the Stauntons of Connaught, addressed to the Privy Council ; it sets forth
that the petitioners were descended from an English race, "who anciently possessed the barony
of Keara in the county of Mayo." They alleged, as the main cause of their having revolted
from their original loyalty, "that some of her Majesty's officers had been too much
delighted with the pleasantness and profit of the said barony, and therefore had sought
many of their lives indirectly and unjustly." They proceed to say that in default of a
good leader of their own tribe, they have chosen Thomas Staunton, of Wolverton, county
of Warwick, as their chieftain.

Irish Names assumed by the English. [ 23 ]

name of Mac Quillan.g The Barretts of Munster took the sur-
name of Mac Paddin, from Paidin, or little Patrick, one of their
ancestors. The D'Exeters of Gallen, in Connacht, took the sur-
name of Mac Jordan, from Jordan De Exeter, the founder of that
family. Campion observed that the Jordans were very wild Irish
in 1571. The Nangles of the same neighbourhood took the sur-
name of Mac Costello, from an ancestor Osdolbh, which seems to
indicate a Scandinavian origin. The Prendergasts of Mayo took the
name of Mac Maurice. Of the Kildare and Desmond branches of the
FitzGeralds were two Mac Thomas's, one in Leinster, and the other,
more usually styled MacThomaisin,8ii Kilmacthomas,in the Decies
in Munster. A minor branch of the Leinster Geraldines, who were
barons of Burnchurch, in the present county of Kilkenny, assumed
the surname of Mac Baron, and their descendants, who have since
risen to importance in the county of Waterford, now bear the
name of Barron, without the prefix Mac. The descendants of
Gilbert FitzGerald, a younger son of John FitzGerald, ancestor
of the houses of Kildare and Desmond, assumed the appellation
of Mac Gibbon, now Fitzgibbon,h while the FitzGeralds of Bally-

8 Mac Quittan. — The Mac Quillans of the Route, in the county of Antrim, are said to have
been originally Welsh, quasi Mac or Ap Llewellen ; but the names of Fitz-Howlyn, Mac
Ugelin, more probably came from Ilugolin. The ancient book called Salus Populi, said to have
been written as early as Henry the Sixth's time, mentions Fitz-Owlin of Tuskard. A docu-
ment about the date 1515, which is nearly a transcript of " Salus Populi," and printed in the
first volume of the Irish State Papers, enumerates among the great English rebels of Ulster,
Fitzhowlyn of Tuscard. — See Reeves's Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down and Connor, p. 72.

The Dublin Council Book of Henry VIII.'s time has an entry under the year 1541,
" The submission of Maguillen, who dcsireth to be reputed an Englishman, as his ances-
tors weare." This submission is printed in the State Papers. The Lord Deputy observes
in the letter forwarding it, "Maguyllan is an Inglishman." It is signed by Roderic Mac
Cuyllen "sue nationis principalis et capitaneus de Rowte." The name of one of the
hostages for its performance is Jenico mac Gerald Mac Cuyllen, both of which Christian
names were those in use by the English race. The following notice occurs in the Earl of
Sussex's Journey through Ireland in 1556: "In the monastery of Coolrahan is buried the
ancestor of Mac Guillin on the left hand of the altar, and on the tomb lyeth the picture of
a knight armed."

To these notices might be added a letter of Shane O'Neill to Queen Elizabeth, in which
he mentions Maguillen as " a mere Englishman."

h FitzgiWon.— Smith's History of Cork, book i., chap. 1.

[ 24 ] Introduction.

martyr, seneschals of Imokilly, the descendants of James, Earl of
Desmond, A.D. 1 420, took the surname of Mac Edmond. The
De Courceys took the surname of Mac Patrick, from an ancestor,
Patrick De Courcy, who flourished about the year 1236. The
Hodnetts1 of the Strand, a Shropshire family, who became seated at
Courtmacsherry, near Timoleague, in the county of Cork, took
the surname of Mac Sherry.k The family of Archdeacon of Ercke,
in the north of the county of Kilkenny, took the name of Mac
Odo, now Cody ; while the descendants of FitzStephen, in the
county of Cork, called themselves Mac Sleimhne, or Mac Sliny.
The De la Freignes of the county of Kilkenny called themselves Mac
Rickie, and the Barrys of Cork, Mac Adam. The Fitzsimons of
Westrneath were named Mac Ruddery ; the Wesleys, Mac Falrene ;
and the Stapletons, Mac an Ghaill, now Gaul. In the province of
Ulster the English family of Bissett, seated in the Glins, in the
county of Antrim, assumed the Irish surname of Mac Eoin,
Makeon, from an ancestor, Hoan or John Bissett.

Sir George Carew, Governor of Munster towards the close of the
reign of Queen Elizabeth, asserts that the Mac Damores and Mac
Vaddocks of the county of Wexford were of English descent ;! but
according to the Book of Leinster, a very important fragment of a
vellum Manuscript preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dub-
lin (H. 2. 18), these two families are descended from Murchadh na
n-Gaedhal, or Murrogh of the Irish, the brother of Diarmaid na
n-Gall (Dermod of the English), that is, Diarmaid Mac Murchadha,
or Mac Murrough, king of Leinster, the §rst who brought the
Anglo-Normans to Ireland. The names of Mac Damore and Mac
Vaddock are at present unknown in the county of Wexford, the
former being disguised under the anglicised form of Davis, and
the latter under that of Maddock.

1 The Ilodnetts. — Spenser has the following notice of this family: — "Arundell of the Strand,
in the county of Corke, who was anciently a greate lord, and was able to spend £3,500 by
the yeare, as appeareth by the records, has now become the Lord Barry's man, and doth to
him all those services, which are due unto her Majesty." — View of the State of Ireland.
Dublin Edition, p. 234.

* Mac Sherry — Smith's History of Cork, book ii., chap. 3.

1 English descent — Carew MS. at Lambeth Palace, No. 635.

English Names assumed by the Irish. [ 25 ]

Sir Henry Piers of Tristernagh, in the county of Westmeath,
who wrote about a century later than Spenser, complained as
follows of the custom among the families of English descent, of
changing their surnames : —

" In the next place I rank the degeneracy of many English families
as a great hindrance of the reducing this people to civility, occasioned
not only by fostering, that is, having their children nursed and bred
during their tender years by the Irish, but much more by marriages with
them, by means whereof our English, in too many great families, became
in a few generations, one both in manners and interest with the Irish, in
so much as many of them have not doubted to assume Irish names and
appellations ; instances hereof are but too many even this very day: thus a
Birmingham is called by them Mac Yores, Fitz-Simmons Mac Ruddery,
Weysly Mac Falrene, &c., and from men thus metamorphosed, what
could be expected." — -Vallancey1 s Collectanea, Vol. I., p. 105.

OP THE ASSUMPTION OF ENGLISH NAMES BY THE NATIVE IEISH.

THE Irish families who lived within the English Pale and its
vicinity gradually conformed to the English customs and assumed
English surnames ; a practice which was deemed to be of such po-
litical importance that it was thought worthy the interference of
the Parliament of the English Pale. Accordingly it was enacted
by the Statute of 5 Edward IV. (1465), that every Irishman
dwelling within the Pale, then comprising the counties of Dublin,
Meath, Louth, and Kildare, should take an English surname. This
Act, which curiously illustrates the history of Irish family names,
was as follows (Rot. ParL, c. 16): —

" An Act, that the Irish men dwelling in the counties of Dublin, Myeth,
Uriell, and Kildare, shall go apparelled like English men, and weare
theire beardes after the English maner, swear allegeance, and take Eng-
lish surname."

" At the request of the Commons it is ordeyned and established by
authority of the said Parliament, that every Irishman that dwells betwixt
or amongst Englishmen in the county of Dublin, Myeth, Uriell, and Kil-

[ 26 ] Introduction.

dare, shall goe like to one Englishman in apparel, and shaving of his
beard above the mouth, and shall be within one yeare sworne the liege
man of the king in the hands of the lieutenant or deputy, or such as he
will assigne to receive this oath, for the multitude that is to be sworne, and
shall take to him an English surname of one towne, as Sutton, Chester,
Trym, Skryne, Corke, Kinsale: or colour, as white, blacke, browner or
art or science, as smith or carpenter; or office, as cooke, butler; and that
he and his issue shall use this name under payne of forfeyting of his goods
yearely till the premises be done, to be levied two times by the yeare to
the king's warres, according to the discretion of the lieutenant of the king
or his deputy."— 5 Edward IV., c. 3. (Statutes at Large, Ireland,
Vol. I., p. 29.)

" In obedience to this law," says Harris (Works of Sir James
Ware, voL ii., p. 58), " the Shanachs took the name of Foxes ; the
Mac-an-gabhans, of Smiths ; Geals, of Whites ; the Brannachs, of
Walshes ; and many others ; the said words being only literal
translations from the Irish into the English language."

Harris, however, was very much mistaken in supposing that the
Branachs (bfie£ncng, i.e., Bri tones), of the English Pale in Ireland,
are an Irish family, or that any ancient Irish family had borne that
name, before the Anglo-Norman and Welsh families settled in
Ireland towards the end of the twelfth century ; he was also
wrong in assuming that the Irish word for Geal, white, was by
itself ever used as the name of any family in Ireland. In the other
two instances he is correct; for the head of the O'Caharnys of
Teffia, who was usually styled the Shinnagh (An Sionach), Angli-
cised his name into Fox, and the Mac-an-Gowans and O'Gowans
translated their names into Smith.

The importance attached by this Act to the bearing of an Eng-
lish surname soon induced many of the less distinguished Irish
families of the English Pale and its vicinity to translate or disguise
their Irish names, so as to make them appear English ; thus Mac an
t-saoir, Mac Intire, was altered to Carpenter ; Mac Speallain, Mac
Spallane, to Spenser ; Mac Con-cogry, Mac Cogry, to L'Estrange, &c. ;
but the more eminent families of the Pale and its vicinity, as

English Names assumed by the Irish. [ 27 ]

Mac Murrogh, O'Brennan, O'Toole, O'Byme, O'Murchoe, Mac Gilla-
patrick, Mac Damore, O'Nolan, O'More, O'Dunn, O'Ryan, O'Dempsey,
O'Conor Faly, O' Kelly, and others, retained their original Irish
names unaltered. It is certain, however, that the translation and
assimilation of Irish surnames to English was carried to a great
extent in the vicinity of Dublin and throughout Leinster ; hence
it may at this day be safely concluded that many families bearing
English surnames throughout what was formerly the English Pale,
are undoubtedly of Milesian, or of Danish origin.

It appears, however, that the Statute referred to had not the
intended effect to any great extent ; for about a century after
it had passed, we find Spenser recommending a revival of it,
inasmuch as the Irish had then become as Irish as ever. His
observations on this point are highly interesting, as throwing light
on the history of Irish surnames towards the close of the sixteenth
century. They are as follows : —

" Moreover, for the better breaking of these heads and septs, which
(I tould you) was one of the greatest strengthes of the Irish, methinkes it
should be very well to renewe that ould Statute which was made in the
reigne of Edward the Fourth in Ireland, by which it was commanded,
that whereas all men used to be called by the name of their septs, accord-
ing to the severall nations, and had no surnames at all, that from hence-
forth each one should take upon himself a severall surname, either of his
trade and faculty, or of some quality of his body or minde, or of the place
where he dwelt, so as every one should be distinguished from the other,
or from the most part, whereby they shall not onely not depend upon the
head of their sept, as now they do, but also in time learne quite to forget
his Irish nation. And herewithall would I also wish all the O's and Mac's,
which the heads of septs have taken to their names, to bee utterly forbidden
and extinguished. For that the same being an ordinance (as some say),
first made by O'Brien [meaning Brian Borumha] for the strengthening
of the Irish, the abrogating thereof will as much enfeeble them." — View
of the State of Ireland, A.D. 1596, p. 108 (Dublin, 1633.)

In the month of September, 1585, sessions were held at Dunna-
mona, in the county of Mayo, presided over by Sir Richard

[ L'.S j Introduction.

Bingham, Chief Commissioner and Governor of the Province of
Connaught, together with Sir Nicholas White, Master of the Rolls,
"ffor the perifectinge of the last composition made within the said
Provynce." Sir Henry Docwram states that the "plott of this com-
position was devised by Sir Richard, of purpose to take awaye the
greatnes of the Irishe lordes, with their names, Macks, and Oes, that
the infferyor subjecte might be ffreed ifrom their Irishe customes,
cuttings, and vnreasonable exactions, and (by knoweing what was
theire owne), be drawne to depend ever after vppon the state, and
not on those Irishe lordes, or gentlemen ; which alsoe might not
onlye much avayle her Majestic in tyme of any stirres or revolts,
by draweinge the common people firom ffollowing the greate chieffe
lordes, but also bringe a more certayner yearlie rent or revenewe
into her Highnes coffers then fformerlye was accustommed."

About the same period various natives, who were employed as
clerks, interpreters, and spies to the State, successfully changed
and concealed their Irish names. Of these the most deserving of
notice were John Mac Laighid, Lye, or Leigh ;n William O'Duinne,
or Doyne; Sir Patrick Fox; Sir Thomas Shaen;0 and Patrick
Mac Crossan, or Crosbie.

In a tract in the State Paper Office, dated 3rd July, 1 600, it is
stated that Patrick Crosbie, or Crossan, was a mere Irishman by
birth, and that his father had been rhymer or bard to the O'Moores.
The aged Earl of Ormonde, in a letter written on 2nd December,
1601, to Sir Robert Cecil, on the bad conduct of the subordinate
Government officials of the day, observes that Crosby's real sur-
name was Mac-y-Crossane, and that his ancestors had been chief
rhymers to the O'Moores and O'Connors.

"» Sir Henry Docwra.— Miscellany of the Celtic Society, 1849, pp. 190, 191.

" Leigh. — See an interesting account of him published by Herbert F. Hore, Esq., in the
Proceedings of the Kilkenny and South of Ireland Archaeological Society, vol. ii. (new
series), pp. 17-22.

0 Sir Thomas Shaen.— He was unquestionably a member of the Clan Shane, a sept of
the OTerralls, and his pedigree is given by Roger O'Ferrall, in his Linea Antiqua, pre-
served in the Office of the Ulster King-at-Arms, Dublin Castle.

English Names assumed by the Irish. [ 29 ]

Towards the close of the seventeenth century, Sir Henry Piers, of
Tristernagh, in his account of the county of Westmeath, made the
following observations on the less distinguished Irish families then
beginning to take English surnames : —

" These, I suppose, may be reckoned among the causes of the slow pro-
gress this nation hath made towards civility and accommodation to our
English laws and customs ; yet these notwithstanding, this people, espe-
cially in this and the adjoining counties, are in our days become more po-
lite and civil than in former ages, and some very forward to accommodate
themselves to the English modes, particularly in their habit, language, and
surnames, which by all manner of ways they strive to make English or
English-like ; this I speak of the inferior rank of them. Thus you have
Mac Gowne surname himself Smith ; Mac Eilly, Cock ; Mac Spollane,
Spencer; Mac Kegry, Lestrange, &c., herein making small amends for our
degenerate English before spoken of." — Vallancey's Collectanea, i., 108.

Many others, even of the most distinguished Irish family names,
were similarly Anglicised, as O'Conor to Conyers, O'Brien to Brine,
O'Reilly to Ridley, O'Donnell to Daniel, O'Sullivan to Silvan and
Silvers, O'Murchoe to Morpie, Mac Carthy to Carter, &c.

This change of Irish into English names continued to increase
after the Revolution of 1688, when the natives who remained in
Ireland were completely subjected. About this period, numbers
of the oppressed native Irish reduced their names as much as pos-
sible to the level of English pronunciation; rejecting in almost
every instance the O' and Mac, and making various other changes
in their names, so as to give them an English appearance. These
changes did not fail to elicit the censure of native rhymers ; a spe-
cimen of whose satires on this subject is extant in the following
epigram,p written by the Rev. Christopher Mac Conway (Mac
Conmhuidhe), in the last century, on a gentleman of Tyrone
altering his old name of Phelim O'Neill to Felix Neele : —

^ Epigram. — Preserved by John M'Closkey, of Tirgarril, in the county of London-
derry, in his unpublished Statistical Account of the parishes of Desertmartin, Kil-
cronaghan, and Ballynascreen.

so ] Introduction.

11 Omnia mutavit Felix, mutavit et ipsum ;

Ipsius inque ipso, non manet esse sui.
Monticules inter puduit torpere colonos.

Erubuitque braccas, erubuitque brogas;
Signa suae gentis, nomenque rejecit O'Neill :

Nee ratis, aut salmo, aut rubra retenta manus.
Poeniteat liquisse tuas mine, transfuga, partes ;

Infelix Felix, ad tua castra redi I"

Translated as follows by the late James Clarence Mangan :
"All things has Felix changed : he changed his name ;
Yea, in himself, he is no more the same ;
Scorning to spend his days where he was reared,
To drag out life among the vulgar herd,
Or trudge his way through bogs in bracks** and brogues,
He changed his creed, and joined the Saxon rogues
By whom his sires were robbed. He laid aside
The arms they bore for centuries with pride —
The ship, the salmon, and the famed Red Hand/
And blushed when called O'Neill in his own land !
Poor paltry skulker from thy noble race,
Infelix Felix, weep for thy disgrace !"

OF THE IRISH FAMILIES WHO RETAINED THEIR ANCIENT NAMES ON
THE CONTINENT AND IN IRELAND.

The respectability of the native Irish was maintained and aug-
mented abroad by the distinguished careers of numerous members
of the old Gaelic families of Ireland, who became exiles in conse-
quence of the Penal Laws.

In those countries where they were allowed to exercise their
abilities, "we will find them," wrote Dr. O'Conor,8 "whether in an
ecclesiastical, military, or mercantile capacity, triumphing over

<» Bracks and Brogues. — For notices of the braccae, or trousers, and brogues of the ancient
Irish, see Wilde's " Catalogue of the Museum of the Royal Irish Academy," page 329.
' The ship, the salmon, and the famed red hand— The cognizance on the O'Neill shield.
*Dr. O'Conor. — Memoirs of C. O'Conor, p. 154.

Ancient Nam.es retained by the Irish. \_ 31 ]

indigence, and rivalling the most illustrious geniuses of France,
Spain, Italy, and Germany, without riches to command notice, or
patronage to create esteem."

Every mark indicative of their Irish origin was preserved with
pride by those distinguished exiles; and, perhaps, nothing can
more strikingly display the estimation in which the members of
the historic Irish families were held on the Continent than the
fact, that Henry O'Donnell, third son of Charles Duff (Dubk)
O'Donnell, of Murresk, in the county of Mayo, received in marriage,
in 1754, a near relative of the Empress Maria Theresa, a Princess
of the illustrious house of Cantacuzene, descended from John Can-
tacuzene, the Byzantine emperor and historian, who reigned from
1347 to 1355. In the following extract from the patent to Count
Maximilian O'Donnell, who was Aide-de-camp to the Emperor
Francis Joseph I., whom he saved from assassination, in February,
1853, the various distinguished representatives of the O'Donnell
family in Austria are noticed, with a general allusion to the no-
bility also of that branch of the race which settled in Spain : —

" He [Count Maximilian] is descended from the exceedingly ancient
and very illustrious race, the Chiefs of Donegal, and Dynasts of the former
Tyrconnell, in Ireland. History speaks of them in early ages, when
Christianity was first introduced into that country ; and extols the zeal
with which they founded churches and monasteries, to assist in the pro-
pagation of the true faith. In later times, they exercised princely power
in the land of their descent, arid enjoyed widely-extended martial fame.
Shortly before the final incorporation of Ireland with the Royal Crown of
Great Britain, Roderick, one of this ancient princely race, was invested
with the_ dignity of Count" (i.e. Earl) " of the above named province; as
we have satisfactorily ascertained, by the original document of King
James L, with the seal of Ireland thereto attached, and dated the 10th
day of February, in the first year of his reign in England, France, and
Ireland, and thirty-seventh year of his reign in Scotland. Various con-
currences in ecclesiastical and political affairs, unnecessary now to
enumerate, compelled the above-named " Earl " to quit his native land,
and seek refuge in a Catholic, foreign country, as his elder brother, Hugh,
had previously done. The latter met with a distinguished reception at

[ 32 ] Introduction.

the Court of Philip III. of Spain, and the former was welcomed with
paternal kindness by the pastoral Head of the Church, Pope Paul V.
Since that period, their descendants have devoted themselves to the service
of the Monarchs of the Spanish line of Our Most Serene Archducal House
in the Kingdom of Spain ; and in later times, in the beginning of the past
century, to that of Our Most Serene Predecessors in the Imperial
Government. During their stay in the land of Spain, as well as in that
of Austria, they ever enjoyed the consideration and respect due to the
rank of Count, and to their original nobility. It is to us a grateful and
pleasing thing to bring to mind the banished (but with honour and
dignity expatriated) forefathers and relatives of our beloved, loyal
Maximilian Charles Count O'Donell, here mentioned, whose virtues and
deeds for the greatest welfare of Our Most Serene House, and the highest
interests of the State, shine with such peculiar and distinguished lustre.
Charles" (i.e. Connell) " Count O'Donell, General of Cavalry, and Colonel-
proprietor of his regiment, distinguished himself at the battle of Torgau,
November 3rd, 1760, when appointed successor in command to Field-
Marshal Count Daun, and performed the important service of repelling
the advance of the enemy upon Dresden; for which achievement, it
was unanimously resolved by the Chapter of the Order of Maria Theresa,
that, although he was not a Knight thereof, he should be invested with
the Grand Cross of the Order, which honour was conferred upon him
December 21st, 1761. John, Count O'Donell, Field-Marshal-Lieutenant,
and Knight of the Order of Maria Theresa, distinguished himself at the
battle of Leuthen, December 5th, 1757, and at Maxen, November 20th,
1759. Henry, Count O'Donell commanded as Major of the 49th Regiment
of Infantry, and volunteered to lead in person the storming of the prin-
cipal gate of the fortress of Schweidnitz, September 30th, 1761, by which
the same was taken; and for which achievement, by a resolution of
the Chapter, April 30th, 1762, the Knight Cross of the Order of Maria
Theresa was conferred upon him. In due gradation., he attained the
rank of Major-General. Francis Joseph, Count O'Donell was President
of the Chief Council, and of the Ministerial Bank Committee, and also
of the Board of Finance and Commerce, and was decorated with the
Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Stephen. John Count O'Donell was
one of the first to offer himself as a volunteer for the campaign of 1 809 ;
and, as such, headed a corps with the greatest devotion and courage.
Hugh, Count O'Donell, as a Major, was killed at Ncerwinden. Charles,

Ancient Names retained ly the Irish. [ 33 ]

Count O'Donell, also a Major, was killed at the storming of the bridge of
Kehl ; and Charles Count O'Donell, a Major-General, was killed at the
battle of Aspern. Maurice Count O'Donell distinguished himself as the
Commander of a Battalion in the defence of the bridge of Ebersburg, in
1814; and afterwards attained the rank of Field-Marshal-Lieutenant.
Our well-beloved, trusty, Maximilian Charles O'Donell, son of the
above-named Maurice, and grandson of Francis Joseph Count O'Donell,
was born October 29th, 1812, and entered our service in 1830; and,
in regular gradation, was promoted to his present rank. In 1848, he
served in the campaign of Italy ; and, in 1849, in that of Hungary; and,
on every occasion, was distinguished for his valour. Already, in 1849,
did we, as a mark of our confidence in his zeal and abilities, appoint him
as Aide-de-camp to our person. At all times, has he fulfilled the high
expectations we formed of him; and most fully was this exemplified,
when, at the risk of being personally sacrificed, he warded off our impe-
rial person the murderous attack of the assassin, on the 18th of February,
in the present year, whereby he rendered to ourselves, to our royal house,
and to our realm, a never-to-be-forgotten service. We rewarded him, by
investing him with the Cross of our Order of Saint Leopold. But that
he may enjoy an enduring and conspicuous mark of our just acknowledg-
ment, which can be transmitted to his posterity, we grant him, further,
all the rights and privileges of an Austrian Count ; and, as a further proof
of imperial and royal grace and favour, we augment henceforth his
hereditary and family arms by the insertion of our own initials, and of
the shield of our most serene ducal house of Austria, and finally, the
double-headed eagle of our empire, to be and endure as a visible and
imperishable memorial of his proved and devoted services."

A cursory notice of the more eminent of the O'Donnells in Spain,
down to our own times, similar to that of their Austrian name-
sakes in the imperial patent, is given in the published volume of
Mr. O'Callaghan's "History of the Irish Brigades in the Service of
France," pp. 389, 390. After an allusion to the settlement in
Spain, in the last century, of Joseph, brother of Henry, who had
established himself in Austria, the author of that work observes : —

" Of Joseph, who attained high military rank in Spain, the three elder
sons, Henry, Charles, and Joseph, were distinguished officers in the war

I 34 ] Introduction.

against Napoleon. The first, Henry, was one of the ablest and most
popular of the Spanish ' commanders ; signalized himself greatly against
the French Generals or Marshals, Duhesme, $t. Cyr, Augereau, Suchet,
Macdonald, &c., in Catalonia, of which he was appointed Captain-General ;
by destroying or capturing, at the village of La Bisbal, (where he re-
ceived his sixteenth musket-wound), the force of General Schwartz, ob-
tained the title of Count de PAbisbal ; and was afterwards one of the Re-
gency of the kingdom, and organizer and Commander-in-Chief of the
Army of Reserve, entitled the Army of Andalucia. His brother Charles
was made, by popular election, in 1808, Captain-General of the Canary
Islands; as General of Division in the army of the Marquis de la Romana,
was opposed 'to the French General, Reynier (or Regnier) in the south ;
was afterwards joined with Lord Wellington's forces at Torres Vedras ;
was again opposed to Reynier ; while acting as Commander-in-Chief, ad
interim, in the kingdom of Valencia, cooperated with Commodore Adams
of the Invincible, and other vessels, in harassing the maritime posts of
the enemy ; then, under Don Joaquin Blake, was distinguished in the
skirmishing operations and battle connected with the siege of Morviedro,
or Saguntum, by Suchet ; subsequently shared, as Camp-Marshal, or
Major-General, in the defence of Valencia by Blake ; and, becoming a pri-
soner-of-war by the fall of that place, was sent to France. After the
general pacification, and his release, he was appointed Commander-in-
Chief of Old Castile. His brother Joseph, as Colonel of the Regiment of
the Princess, served under the Marquis de la Romana and Don Francisco
Ballesteros (or Valesteros) in the north ; was General of Division to the
third Spanish army, under Don Manuel Friere in the south ; became Chef
d'Etat Major to that Army ; then General-in-Chief of that and the se-
cond Spanish army opposed to Marshal Suchet ; and was afterwards no-
minated by the Spanish Regency, to command the reserve force organized
in the Isle of Leon. The youngest brother of those three officers, named
Alexander, and of opposite politics to theirs, was Colonel of a Spanish
regiment of King Joseph, that went with the Emperor Napoleon to Rus-
sia, in 1812. The latest eminent representative of the Spanish O'Don-
nells (a grandson of their progenitor, Joseph, through his second son,
Charles), has been Leopold, who, from his signal services to the Christina
party, as General of its forces against the Carlists, has been created Count
of Lucena, and Governor of Cuba."

Ancient Names retained by the Irish. [ 35 ]

Leopold O'Donnell has since attained still higher honours, as
Prime Minister of Spain, Conqueror of Morocco, and Duke of
Tetuan.

In the same work will be found a biographical sketch of the
most remarkable gentleman of the name in the service of France,
and the preserver of the famous battle-reliquary of his clan, or the
Cathach, Daniel O'Donnell, who, after having attained the rank of
Brigadier, died July, 1735, at St. Germain-en-Laye, in his seven-
tieth year. Other O'Donnells are also referred to in the French
service, as officers in the Irish regiments of O'Donnell, Berwick,
Clare, and Dillon, of whom some were Chevaliers or Knights of
St. Louis. Among those officers all, indeed, were not of the great
northern or Ulster sept of O'Donnells, some being of the Munster
sept of Corcobaskin, in the county of Clare ; yet, as of ancient Irish
race serving abroad, entitled to be noticed here, though of very
inferior celebrity to their Tirconnell namesakes. Many of the
O'Donnells, in Ireland, especially in Munster, had changed their
name to Daniel, in imitation of the Protestant Archbishop of
Tuam, who had adopted this form of the name so early as the
reign of James I. ; but they have now nearly all resumed the
original name, with the 0' prefixed.

Of the O'Neills, there have been general officers in Spain, from
the century subsequent to the fall of their Princes or Chieftains of
Tyrone, to the great war against Napoleon. Of those officers, it is
only necessary to allude to Major-General Owen Koe O'Neill, the
brave defender of Arras, and conqueror of Benburb, and his nephew,
Major-General Hugh Duff O'Neill, the stout opponent of the Crom-
wellians at Clonmel and Limerick. One of the name was enrolled
among the Spanish nobility, in 1679, by the title of "Marque's de
la Granja;" which title in that branch of the race has subsisted to
our time ; and its representative visited Ireland some years ago.
In France, up to the rank of Chef-de-Brigade, and including Che-
valiers of St. Louis and the Legion of Honour, O'Neills were to be
seen in all the infantry regiments belonging to the Irish Brigade,
in the Garde-du-Corps, &c. Of these, some, however, owing to

c2

[ 3c ] Introduction.

their connexion with the regiment of Clare, as apparently the
Lieutenant-Colonel of that corps, who fell at Fontenoy, should not
be confounded with those of Ulster, but considered as most prob-
ably belonging to the less noted Munster O'Neills, of Tradry, in
Clare ; of whom the Creaghs also, who have been distinguished
by military rank in France, Spain, and the united army of Great
Britain and Ireland, are a branch. Of the Macgennises, compared
with whom, as heads of the old heroic race of Ir, in Ulster, the
O'Neills and O'Donnells were both but modern intruders in that
province, there were several officers in France, in the regiments of
Galmoy, Dillon, Bulkeley, Lee, Rothe, &c. ; some of whom attained
the posts of Colonel and Chef-de-Bataillon, and three were Knights
of St. Louis. The most remarkable of the name was Bernard
Macgennis, Colonel of a regiment of French dragoons^ killed at
the battle of Spire, in November, 1703, and father of four sons,
slain in the same service.

The family of O'Brien, of Thomond, were as distinguished in
the service of France as the O'Donnells were in that of Austria ;
for, besides the veteran Major-General Murrogh O'Brien and his
descendants, or son and grandson, Earls of Lismore and Viscounts
of Tallow, by Stuart creation, and the successive noble represent-
atives of the title of Clare, one of whom was a Marshal of France,
there were in that service five officers named O'Brien who became
Knights of St. Louis.1

Of the family of Kavanagh, two officers were Counts of the Holy
Roman Empire and Generals in the Austrian service, and another
is referred to with honour in the Polish-Saxon service. Of the
O'Reillys, several were officers of the national Brigade in France,
as well as in other regiments in its service, some of whom were
Knights of St. Louis. In Spain, Alexander O'Reilly, born at Bal-
trasna, in 1722, and deceased in 1794, rose to be a Count, Gover-
nor of New Orleans in Louisiana, Grand Commander of the Order
of Calatrava, Governor of Madrid, Captain-General of Andalucia,

« St, Louis.— See " O'Callaghan's Irish Brigades," under " The Infantry Regiment of
O'Brien, or Clare," 8vo. Dublin: M'Glashan : 1855.

Ancient 'Names retained by the Irish. [ 37 ]

Civil and Military Governor of Cadiz, Inspector-General of the
Spanish Infantry, President of the Military School at Port St.
Mary, Generalissimo of the Spanish Forces ; one of his sons, Don
Dominic O'Reilly, being a Lieutenant-General, and the other, Don
Nicholas O'Reilly, a Brigadier General. In Austria, also, Andrew
O'Reilly, of Ballinlough, born in 1742 and deceased in 1832, was
a most illustrious officer, a Knight Commander of the Military
Order of Maria Theresa, General of Cavalry, &c. Of these two
highest representatives of their name, in Spain and Austria re-
spectively, both were nobly connected in marriage. Of the
O'Rourkes, various officers are referred to with honour in the
armies of Spain, France, and Russia, in which great empire one
has attained the rank of Prince. . Of the O'Dwyers, one in the ser-
vice of Austria was Governor of Belgrade, during the war, under
the famous Prince Eugene of Savoy, against the Turks, early in
the last century ; others served in France, either in the Brigade,
including some who were Knights of St. Louis, or with French
corps, the name being found among the officers of the French army
to our own times ; and towards the close of the same century, or
in the reign of the Empress Catherine II., there was an Admiral
O'Dwyer in the Russian service. Of the Macguires, the noble re-
presentatives of the title of Baron of Enniskillen, were officers in
France from the reign of Louis XIY. to that of Louis XVI. ; and,
during the same period, gentlemen of that old sept were to be
found there in the national Brigade, or the regiments of Lee, Dor-
rington, Dillon, O'Donnell, FitzJames, Bulkeley, and Lally ; the
most eminent representative, however, of the name having been in
the Austrian service, in the person of John Sigismund Macguire,
Colonel of a regiment of Infantry of four battalions, a General of
Artillery, and Lieutenant-General, Governor of Carinthia, Imperial
Chamberlain, and Grand Cross Knight of the Military Order of
Maria Theresa, and of the White Eagle of the King of Poland. He,
too, was married to a lady of very high rank.

O'Conor Sligo was a Lieutenant-General in Austria, and O'Conor
Roe (Ruadh), Governor of Civita Yecchia, a seaport town of much

[ 38 ] Introduction.

consequence in the Papal dominions. O'Shaughnessy, in 1744,
died a Marechal-de-Camp, or Major-General, in the French service.
Of the O'Lallys, or O'Mullallys, of Tullachnadaly, near Tuam, Sir
Gerard Lally, a Baronet by Stuart creation, died a Brigadier, in
France, in 1737, whose son, Thomas Arthur, Count Lally, so dis-
tinguished at Etlingen, Dettingen, Fontenoy, Lafelt, Bergen-op-
Zoom, Maestricht, &c., was Colonel of an Irish Regiment of In-
fantry purposely raised for him, a Lieutenant-General, Grand Cross
Knight of St. Louis, Commander-in- Chief of the French forces in
the East Indies ; and his nephew, Michael Lally, died a Brigadier,
at Rouen, in 1773. Of the O'Mahonies of Desmond, or South
Munster, the chief officer under Louis XIV. and Philip V., in
France and Spain, was Daniel, most celebrated at Cremona,
Almanza, Saragossa, Villaviciosa, Colonel of an Irish Regiment of
Dragoons, Lieutenant-General, Count of Castile, &c. ; whose elder
son, James, was Lieutenant-General in the service of Naples, and
younger son, Demetrius, a Lieutenant-General and Count in Spain,
and Ambassador from that power to the Court of Vienna, where
he died in 1770; the name of O'Mahony, in other branches, being
of eminence in the French army to within the present century,
when one of its representatives, an officer of the old Brigade, was a
Lieutenant-General and Commander of the Order of St. Louis, and
another a Marechal-de-Camp, or Major-General, and Commandant
of the Legion of Honour. Of O'Farrells or O'Ferralls there were,
in the days of the Old Brigade, officers in the national regiments of
FitzJames, Lally, Dillon, Berwick, Walsh ; and, since the restora-
tion of the Bourbons, or from 1814 to 1846, others have been in
the Garde du Corps du Roi, Legion d'Hohenloe, Artillerie, Sapeurs
du Genie, Hussars, &c., including a Colonel of the 7th Regiment
of the Line, Chevalier of the Legion of Honour and of the Order
of Charles III. of Spain. Of O'Tooles, during the last century, we
find gentlemen in the Gardes du Corps and regiments of Berwick,
Dillon, Walsh, some of these Lieutenant-Colonels and Knights of
St. Louis ; of whom, after the Revolution, Brian O'Toole, of a dis-
tinguished military branch of the race established in the county of

Ancient Names retained by the Irish. [ 39 ]

Wexford, entered the British army, and, during the Peninsular
War, duly increased the previous honours of his name, being, at
his death, in 1825, Chevalier of the Orders of St. Louis and St.
Lazare in France, Colonel of Casadores, and Grand Cross Knight
of the Order of the Tower and Sword in Portugal, and in the
English service, a Lieutenant-Colonel, and Knight Commander of
the Order of the Bath. In 1838, Francois O'Toole, Captain of the
73rd Regiment of the Line in France, was a Member of the
Legion of Honour. Of O'Byrnes, the regiments of Dublin, Galmoy,
Berwick, and Walsh display their respective complements, com-
prising some Knights of St. Louis.

O'Neny, more correctly MacNeny, of Tyrone, became a Count of
the Holy Roman Empire, Councillor of State to Her Imperial
Majesty, Maria Theresa, and Chief President of the Privy Council
at Brussels. To these may be added O'Sullivan, O'Callaghan,
O'Naghten, O'Murphy, &c., to notice whose various distinguished
offshoots abroad would occupy so much more space than is at our
disposal here, that we shall only observe, never were the old chief-
tain races of the north and south of Erin more nobly represented
in military service upon the Continent than at present, in Spain,
by O'Donnell, Duke of Tetuan, and in France, by MacMahon, Duke
of Magenta.

The list of Milesian Irish officers who distinguished themselves
in foreign service, if fully made out, would be found to embrace
members of all the great Irish families and most of the inferior
ones. The history of those in the service of France (so interesting
from its connexion with the wars among the leading powers of
Europe for a century) will, it is hoped, soon be completed by that
indefatigable collector and minute investigator of Irish military
history, John Cornelius O'Callaghan, Esq., in his work on the
Irish Brigades, of which the volume that has been published shows
such extensive research on the introductory portion of the subject.
A good deal has been done to rescue their names from oblivion by
the late Matthew O'Conor, Esq., of Mountdruid ; and John D' Alton,
Esq., in his last edition of the " Army List of King James II."
(the original' MS. of which was previously referred to and cited

[ 40 ] Introduction.

in the edition of the " Macariao Excidium," printed by the Irish
Archseological Society,) has contributed largely to our information
on the same topic. Count Charles Mac Donnell, private secretary
to Marshal Nugent of Austria, is also collecting materials for a
work on the history of the Irish officers in the service of Poland
and Austria ; so that, in a few years, we may expect a complete
account of the illustrious deeds of the scattered Irish race, from
the year 1600 down to the present day.

The respectability derived from the renown of the Irish officers
abroad induced some of their relatives at home to resume the Os
and Macs. Some have been prevented from so doing by the patents
of their estates, as Kelly, of Castlekelly, in the county of Galway,
and Dunne, of Iregan, in the Queen's County, who are ordered by
distinct clauses to reject the 0', and not to take any form of name
indicating clanship of any kind.

Other Irish families, however, who were not bound by patents
of this kind, have resumed their ancient names. Thus, the late
Owen O'Conor, M.P. for the county of Roscommon, assumed the
epithet Don on the extinction of the senior branch, although he
was the sixth in descent from the last ancestor who had borne it.
O'Grady of Kilballyowen has also prefixed the O' and assumed the
chieftainship of the O'Gradys, after that title, or mark of seniority,
had been obsolete for at least six generations. Morgan William
O'Donovan, Esq., of Montpelier, in the county of Cork, has not
only re-assumed the O', which his ancestors had rejected for many
generations, but has styled himself " the O'Donovan," chief of his
name, being the next of kin to the last acknowledged head of that
family, the late General Richard O'Donovan, of Bawnlahan, whose
family became extinct in the year 1841. His example in resum-
ing the 0' has been followed by Timothy O'Donovan, Esq., of
O'Donovan's Cove, in the county of Cork, head of a very ancient
sept of the same family, and by William John O'Donnavan, a
junior member of the Wexford Clan-Donovan.

There are other heads of Irish families who retain their Irish
names in full with pride, as Sir Richard O'Donnell, of Newport,
Bart. ; General Sir Charles O'Donnell, of Trughe, near Limerick'

Ancient Names retained by the Irish. [ 41 ]

in the county of Clare; Charles O'Donnell, of Castlebar; Sir Lucius
O'Brien, now Lord Inchiquin; O'Loughlin Burren; Sir Colman
O'Loghlen, Bart.; Mac Dermot of Coolavin; Mac Dermot Roe;
O'Flaherty, of Lemonfield ; O'Rorke, of Ballybollen, in the county
Antrim; 0' Kelly, of Ticooly, in the county Galway; O'Kelly, of
Aughrim, now represented by Charles O'Kelly, Esq., of Newtown,
Q.C. ; O'Dowda of Bunny connellan ; Mac Carthy of Carrignavar;
O'Mahony of Dunlo, in Kerry ; O'Driscoll, now residing at Brussels ;
Sir Justin Mac Carthy, Governor of Ceylon; Daniel Mac Carthy, u
Esq., of Stourfield near Christchurch, Hants, England; O'Reilly* of
the Heath House, Queen's County, and his relative, of Thomastown,
county Louth ; More O'Ferrall, M.P. ; Mageoghegan O'Neill ; The
O'Donoghue of the Glynns, M.P. ; and Art Mac Murrough Kava-
nagh of Borris Idrone, head of the ancient royal family of Leinster,
whose pedigree is as well proved as that of any sovereign in
Europe.

There are also some pseudo-Irish chieftains who are unques-
tionably of English descent, and sprung from Englishmen. This
class of assumed Irish chieftainship differs widely from that of
those whose descent is known, and who represent Irish families of
genuine historical celebrity.

u Sir Justin Mac Carthy ; Daniel Mac Carthy. — These gentlemen are of the sept of Mac
Carthy Glas, the senior branch of Mac Carthy Reagh, in the county of Cork, descending
from Donnell Glas II., Prince of Carbery, who died in 1442. In a pedigree of Mac Carthy
Reagh preserved in the Carew Collection of manuscripts at Lambeth, it is stated that Don-
nell Glas II. was the eldest son of Donnell Reagh, who died in 1414 ; but that his descend-
ants were set aside by Dermot an Duna, the fifth son of the same Donnell. In the year
1600 the race of Donnell Glas II. had 14£ ploughlands, and the chief of them lived at
Pheal, near Iniskean.

v O'Reilly. — The late Dowell O'Reilly, Attorney-General of Jamaica, who was deeply
imbued with the ignorant notions concerning Irish surnames prevalent in his time, once
told the editor that neither he himself nor any of the junior branches of the O'Reillys had
any right to prefix the O' ; that he himself was plain Dowell Reilly, and his brother plain
William Reilly ; while Myles John O'Reilly, of the Heath House, was the only individual
of the O'Reilly family in Ireland who was entitled to have the 0' prefixed to his name ;
and when the editor told him that this was a popular error, he felt rather insulted.

i> ] Introduction.

OF IRISH FAMILY NAMES ANGLICISED AND ALTERED.

Among the less distinguished Irish families, however, the trans-
lation and anglicising of names have gone on to so great a degree
as to leave no doubt that in the course of half a century it will be
difficult, if not impossible, to distinguish many families of Irish
name and origin from those of English race, unless, indeed, inquirers
shall be enabled to do so by the assistance of history, family docu-
ments, or physiognomical characteristics. The principal cause of
the change of these names was the ridicule thrown upon them by
English magistrates and lawyers, who were ignorant of the Gaelic
language. This made the Irish ashamed of all such names as
were difficult of pronunciation by English organs, and they were
thus led to change them by degrees, either by translating them
into what they conceived to be their meanings in English, or by
assimilating them to local English surnames of respectable fami-
lies, or by paring.

The families among the lower ranks who have translated, angli-
cised, or totally changed their ancient surnames, are very numer-
ous, and are daily becoming more and more so. Besides the cause
already mentioned, two reasons may be assigned for this desire
which prevails at present among the lower classes for the con-
tinued adoption of English surnames : first, the English language
is becoming that universally spoken among these classes, who
now believe that many Irish surnames do not sound very eupho-
niously in that tongue ; secondly, the names translated or totally
changed are, with very few exceptions, of no celebrity in Irish
history, and when they do not sound well in English, the owners
wish to change them to respectable English or Scotch names, in
order that they may obtain English or Scotch armorial bearings,
and cease to be considered as of plebeian Irish blood. As this
change is going on rapidly in every part of Ireland, it appears
desirable to give here some notices of the Milesian or Scotic
names that have thus become metamorphosed.

First, of names which have been translated correctly or incor-

Irish Family Names altered to English. [ 43 ]

rectly. In the county of Sligo the ancient name of O'Mulclohy has
been metamorphosed into Stone, from an idea that clohy, the latter
part of it, signifies a stone; but this being an incorrect translation in
the present instance, these persons may be said to have taken a new
name. In the county of Leitrim the ancient and by no means obscure
name of MacConnava has been rendered Forde, from an erroneous
notion that ava, the last part of it, is a corruption of atha, of a
ford. This is also an instance of false translation, for MacCon-
nava, chief of Munter Kenny, in the county of Leitrim, took his
name from his ancestor Cusnava, who nourished in the tenth cen-
tury. In Kerry and Thomond the ancient name of O'Cnavin is
now often anglicised Bowen, because Cnavin signifies a small bone.
In Tirconnell the ancient name of O'Mulmoghery is now always
rendered Early, because moch-eirghe signifies early rising. This
version, however, is excusable, though not altogether correct. In
Thomond, O'Marcachain is translated Ryder by some (Marcach
signifying a horseman), but anglicised Markham by others ; and
in the same territory O'Lahiff is made Guthrie, which is altogether
incorrect. In Tyrone the ancient name of MacRory is now inva-
riably made Rogers, because Roger is assumed to be the English
Christian name corresponding to the Irish Ruadhri or Rory. In
Connemara, in the west of the county of Galway, the ancient name
of MacConry is now always made King, because it is assumed that
ry, the last syllable of it, is from righ, a king ; a gross error, for
this family, who are of Dalcassian origin, took their surname from
their ancestor Curoi, a name which forms Conroi in the genitive
case, and has nothing to do with righ, a king. The townlaiid of
Ballymaconry, situate near Streamstown, in Connemara, has also
been changed to Kingston. Sir Thomas King, one of this race,
was the first who made this change. He settled in Dublin about
a century since, made a fortune, and was knighted ; and the poor
relatives at home adopted his name, thinking that they too might
get rich, if they rejected their old surname.

These examples, selected out of a long list of Irish surnames,
erroneously translated, are sufficient to show the false process by

[ 44 ] Introduction.

which the Irish are getting rid of their ancient surnames. A few
specimens may next be adduced of Irish surnames, which have
been assimilated to English or Scotch ones, from a fancied resem-
blance in the sounds of both.

In Ulster, MacMahon, the name of the chiefs of Oriel, which,
as we have already seen, the poet Spenser attempted to prove
to be an Irish form of Fitzursula, is now very frequently an-
glicised Matthews. MacCawell, the name of the ancient chiefs of
Kinel Ferady, is anglicised Camphill, Cambell, Howell, and even
Caulfield.w In Thomond the name O'Hiomhair is anglicised to
Howard among the peasantry, and to Ivers among the gentry. In
the same county the ancient Irish name of O'Beirne is metamor-
phosed to Byron, while in the original locality of the name, in
Tir-Briuin na Sinna, in the east of the county of Roscommon, it is
anglicised Bruin among the peasantry ; but among the gentry
who know the historical respectability of the name, the original
form O'Beirne is retained. In the province of Connaught, a family
named O'Heraghty have anglicised their old Gaelic name to Har-
rington. In the city of Limerick, the ancient name of O'Shaugh-
nessy is metamorphosed to Sandys, perhaps to disguise the Irish
origin of the family ; but it is retained by the more respectable
branches of the family, as by Sir William O'Shaughnessy, of Cal-
cutta. In the county of Londonderry, the old name O'Brollaghan
is made to look English in Ireland and America by being transmuted
to Bradley, while in Scotland it is made Brodie. In the county
of Fermanagh, the O'Creighans have changed their name to
Creighton, for no other apparent reason than because it is the
family name of the Earl of Erne. In the county of Leitrim,
O'Fergus, the descendant of the ancient Erenachs of Rossinver,
has lately changed his name to Ferguson. Throughout the pro-
vince of Ulster generally very extraordinary changes have been
made in the names of the aborigines: as, MacTeige, to Montague;

w Cavlfidd. — A branch of this family, settled in the county of Wicklow, at Levettstown
and Lemanstown, at an early period changed the name of MacCawell to Caulfield, but
their pedigree has been compiled with great care, and deduced from the old Irish stock.

Irish Family Names altered to English. [ 45 ]

O'Mulligan, to Molyneaux ; MacGillycuskly, to Cosgrove arid Cos-
tello; MacGilly glass, to Greene; O'Tuathalain, to Toland and
Thulis ; O'Hay or O'Hughe, to Hughes ; O'Cairellan, to Carleton ;x
O'Howen, to Owens; MacGillyfinen, to Leonard; MacShane, to
Johnson and Johnston ; O'Gnimh or O'Gneeve, to Agnew ; O'Clery,
to Clarke; MacLave, to Hand; MacGuiggin, to Goodwin; O'Hir,
to Hare ; O'Luane, to Lamb ; MacConin to Kennyon and Canning ;
O'Floinn, to Lynn ; O'Haughey, to Howe ; O'Conwy, to Conway ;
O'Loingsy or O'Linchy, to Lynch ; MacNamee, to Meath, &c.

In Connaught, O'Greighan is changed to Graham; O'Cluman, to
Coalman; O'Fahy, to Fay and Green; O'Naghton, to Norton;
MacRannal, to Reynolds ; O'Heosa, to Hussey, (but to Oswell in
Fermanagh) ; MacFirbis, to Forbes ; O'Hargadon, to Hardiman ;y
O'Mulfover, to Milford ; O'Tiompain, to Tenpenny ; MacConboirne,
to Burnes; O'Conagan, to Conyngham; O'Heyne, to Hindes and
Hynes; O'Mulvihil, to Melville; O'Rourke, to Rooke; MacGilla-
killy and O'Coilligh, to Cox and Woods ; O'Gatlaoich, to Gateley
and Keightley; O'Fraechain, to French. In Munster, and also
in Connaught, O'Sesnan is changed to Sexton; O'Shanahan, to
Fox; O'Turran and O'Trehy, to Troy; O'Mulligan, to Baldwin;
O'Hiskeen, to Hastings; O'Nia, to Needham (but to Neville, in
Munster) ; O'Corey, to Curry; O'Sheedy, to Silke; O'Mulfaver, to
Palmer ; O'Trehy and MacCoshy, to Foote ; O'Honeen, to Greene ;
O'Conaing, to Gunning; O'Cornain, to Corbett; O'Murgally, to
Morley ; O'Kinsellagh, to Kingsley and Tinsly ; MacGillymire, to
Merryman ; O'Hehir, to Hare ; O'Faelchon and MacTyre, to Wolfe ;
MacBrehon, to Judge ; O'Barran, to Barrington; O'Keatey, to Keat-
ing ; O'Connowe and O'Connoghan, to Conway ; O'Credan, to Creed ;
O'Feehily, to Pickley ; O'Sewell, to Walker ; MacCurtin, to Curtain ;
MacReachtagain to Rafter; O'Ahern, to Heron; O'Muineog, to

* Carleton. — As for instance, William Carleton, the depicter of the customs, manners, and
superstitions of the Irish, who is of the old Milesian race of the O'Cairellans, the ancient
chiefs of Clandermot, in the present county of Londonderry, and not of English descent,
as the present form of his name would indicate.

y Hardiman. — The late James Hardiman, the learned author of the History of Galway
and compiler of the Irish Minstrelsy, &c., was of this name.

[ 46 j Introduction.

Monaghan ; O'Cuagain and MacCugain, to Cogan ; O'Conrahy and
O'Mulconry, to Conroy ; MacHugh and O'Haedha or O'Hugh, into
Hughes; O'Drum, to Drummond; MacDunlevy, to Dunlop and
Levingston ; O'Henessy, to Harrington ; MacGallogly and Macln-
ogly, to Ingoldsby ; MacGilla Muire, to Gilmore, &c., &c.

Various similar instances might be given. It could indeed be
shown that in the neighbourhood of the principal Irish towns the
farmers and cottiers have two names — a country name and a town
name. Thus in the vicinity of Cork, O'Leyne of the country
becomes Lyons in the city ; O'Houlahan of the country is made
Holland in the city. In the neighbourhood of Enniskillen, Mac-
Gilfinnen of the country becomes Leonard in the town. In the
neighbourhood of Sligo, O'Sumaghan of the country becomes
Somers in the town, &c. ; but the number of those changes here
exliibited is sufficient to show the manner in which the lower Irish
are assimilating their names with those of the English.

The following list of names, with their changes, has been recently
obtained from the neighbourhood of Cootehill, in the county of
Cavan : —

MacNebo changed to Victory; and to Victoria by emigrants to America.
MacCawell, to Callwell.

MacEntire, to Carpenter and Freeman (saer, a carpenter; saer, free).
MacGilroy, to King; made Kilroy in Connaught, and MacElroy in

Fermanagh.

MacGunshenan, to Nugent and Leonard, also Gilson.
MacGuiggan, to Godwin and Goodwin.
MacGowan and O'Gowan, to Smyth.
MacGolderick (MacUalghairg), to Goderich and Golding. ,
MacKernan (MacThiernan), to Masterson and Lord.
MacCrossan, to Crosbie and Grosby, and even to Crosse.
MacCorry, to Corry.

MacConnon has been changed recently into O'Connell.
MacOscar to Cosgrove and Costello.
MacBrehon, to Judge.
O'Brollaghan, to Brabacy and Brabazon.

Irish Family Names altered to English. [ 47 j

O'Clery, to Clarke, and Clerkin.

O'Cindellan, to Cuningham.

O'Drum, to Drummond (Drum, in Fermanagh).

Tackney, to Tackit and Sexton.

Murtagh, in America, to Mortimer.

Examples have now been given of the process which is going on
in the several provinces of Ireland among the people generally, in
changing their original names into names apparently English or
Scotch ; there are also in Ireland some among the higher classes
who have altered their old Milesian names in such a manner as to
give them a French or Spanish appearance. These, it is true, are
few in number, but some of them are of respectable rank. We shall
therefore exhibit a few instances of the mode supposed to render
Irish names respectable by giving them a foreign aspect. The most
remarkable of these changes has been made by the family of
O'Dorcy, in the west of the county of Galway, who have assumed,
not only the name of D'Arcy, but also the arms of the Anglo-
Norman D'Arcys of Meath. It is well known, however, that the
D'Arcys of Galway are all descended from James Reagh Darcy, of
Galway, merchant, whose pedigree is traced by Duald MacFirbis,
not to the D'Arcys of Meath, who are unquestionably of Anglo-
Norman origin, but to the Milesian O'Dorcys (Ua Dorchaidhe,
now called Darkey,) of West Connaught, who were the ancient
chiefs of Partry, a well-known territory extending from the lakes
of Lough Mask and Lough Carra westwards, in the direction of
Croagh-Patrick.

Another instance is found in Thomond, where a gentleman of
the O'Mulronies has, following the plebeian corruption of that
name, metamorphosed it to Moroni, by which he affects to pass as
of Spanish descent ; but his neighbours persist in calling him
O'Murruana, when they speak the native language ; for, in that
part of Ireland, where the Irish language is in most other instances
very correctly pronounced, when the prefix maol is followed by r,
the I itself is pronounced r, as in the instance under consideration,

[ 48 ] Introduction.

and in O'Mulryan, a well-known name in Munster, which they
now pronounce O'Murryan. Thus an accidental corruption in the
pronunciation of a consonant is taken advantage of to metamor-
phose an old Irish name into a Spanish one.

The next instance deserving notice is in the province of Con-
naught, where the family of O'Mulaville have all changed their
name to Lavelle, and where those who know nothing of the his-
tory of that family, are beginning to think that they are of French
descent But it is the constant, though false, tradition in the
county of Mayo that they are of Danish origin, and that they have
been located in larowle since the ninth century. Of this name
was the late editor of the Dublin Freeman's Journal, a man of
great abilities and extensive learning, and possessed of a good
knowledge of the ancient Irish language. The name of O'Mula-
ville is Scotticised MacPaul in the province of Ulster.

A name which some people also suppose to be French or Anglo-
Norman, is Delany, as if it were De Lani ; but the Irish origin of
this family cannot be questioned, for the name is called O'Dubh-
laine, O'Dulany, in the Gaelic language, and they were origi-
nally seated at the foot of Sliabh Bladhma, in Upper Ossory.
Another instance is found in the change of O'Dowling to Du Laing ;
but this is seldom made, and never by any but people of no con-
sequence.

Some individuals of the name Magunshinan, or Magilsinan, upon
leaving their original localities in Cavan and Meath, have assumed
the name of Nugent, and others that of Gilson. Of this family
was Charles Gilson, the founder and endower of the public school
of Oldcastle, who, on his removal to London, shortened his name
to Gilson.

Other persons of Irish name and origin, upon settling in
London and other parts of England, have changed their surnames
altogether; as Sir Peter Byrne, the ancestor of the present Baron
of De Tabley, who styled himself Leycester, in conformity with
the will of his maternal grandfather, who had bequeathed him
large estates in England, on condition of his relinquishing his

Irish Family Names altered to English. [ 49 ]

Irish name, and adopting that of the testator. Although the most
exalted in rank of the O'Byrne race now living, his Irish origin is
entirely disguised in his present name of Warren ; he descends from
Daniel, the second son of Loughlin Duff, of Ballintlea, in the
county of Wicklow, a chief of distinction.

Other changes have been made in Irish surnames by abbrevia-
tion, for the purpose of rendering such names easy of pronuncia-
tion by the English. Of these a long list might be given, but a
selection will here suffice. In the province of Connacht the name
MacCuolahan [Mac Uallachain] has been abbreviated to Cuolahan ;
MacEochaidh, to M'Keogh, and latterly to Keogh ; O'Mulconry, to
Conry and Conroy. In Ossory, MacGillapatrick, to Fitzpatrick. In
the county of Galway, and throughout the province of Connacht
generally, MacGillakelly has been changed to Kilkelly ; O'Mullally,
to Lally ; MacGillakenny, to Kilkenny ; MacGillamurry, to Kilmurry ;
MacGilladuff, to Killduff ; MacGeraghty, to Geraghty and Gearty ;
MacPhaudeen, to Patten; O'Houlahan [O'h-Uallachain], to Nolan.
This last change disguises entirely the origin of the family, which
was removed from Munster into Connacht by Oliver Cromwell,
under the name of O'Houlahan. The real Nolans of Ireland are
of Leinster origin, and were the ancient chiefs of the barony of
Forth, in the now county of Carlow, anciently called Fotharta Fea,
where they are still numerous ; but those styled Nolans, in Con-
nacht, are in reality O'Houlahans, a family who bore the dignity
of chieftains in ancient times, though it happens that, not know-
ing their history, or disliking the sound of the name, they have
assumed the appellation of a Leinster family, which seems to them to
be somewhat more acceptable to modern ears. In Munster, however,
O'Houlahan is beginning to be anglicised Holland. In the pro-
vince of Ulster the name MacGillaroe has been shortened to Gilroy
and Kilroy ; MacBrady, to Brady ; O'Kelaghan, to Callaghan ; Mac-
Gilla Brighde, to MacBride ; MacGillacuskly, to Cuskly, Cosgrove,
and Costello ; MacGillafinen, to Linden and Leonard ; MacGennis,
to Ennis and Guinness ; MacBlosky, to Closky. In Munster the
old name of MacCarthy (or, as it is written in the original Irish,

d

[ BO ] Introduction.

MacCarthaigh), has dwindled to Carty ; O'Mulryan, to O'Ryanand
Ryan ; MacGiUa-Synan, to Shannon ; MacGillabuidhe, to MacEvoy,
&c. In Leinster all the Os and Macs have been rejected; and
though a few of them are to be met there now, in consequence of
the influx of poor of late into that province, it is certain that there
is not a single instance in which the 0 or Mac has been retained
by any of the aboriginal inhabitants of the ancient Irish province
of Leinster, not including Meath. The most distinguished of these
was MacMurrough, but there is not an individual of that name
now known in Leinster, all the families of the race having without
exception adopted the name Kavanagh.

The name now generally anglicised Murphy is not MacMurrough,
but O'Murchoe, which was that of an offset of the royal family of
Leinster, who became chiefs of the territory of South Hy-Felimy,
now the Murroos, or barony of Ballaghkeen, in the east of the
county of Wexford, whose chief seat was at Castle Ellis, in that
barony. All the families of the name Murphy, now in Ireland,
are called in Irish O'Murchadha, pronounced O'Murraghoo, and it
is believed that they are originally of Leinster. On the difference
between these two families of MacMurrough and Murphy, Roderic
O'Flaherty has the following observation in his critique on Peter
Walsh:—

" Cognominibus Hibernicis, quas semper sunt unius e majoribus propria
nomina O vel Mac prseponitur Cognominatos illius, ex quo cognomen, natos,
nepotes, vel posteros significans ; nee licet unum pro alio promiscue usur-
pari, quemadmodum ille O'Morphseum regem Lageniae pro MacMorpbseum
(seu potius MacMurchadh), scribit : ab hac enim diversa est et longe in-
ferior O'Murchadh (quam Anglice Morphy dicunt), familia." — Ogygia
seu Rerum Hibernicarum Chronologia, 1685, page 210.

" An O or a Mac is prefixed to Irish surnames, which are always the
proper names of one of their ancestors, intimating that they were of the
same name, the sons, grandsons, or posterity of the person whose name they
adopted ; but it was not proper to use the one promiscuously in the place of
the other" (i.e., O for Mac or vice versa), as he [viz., Peter Walsh] writes

Modernized Ancient Irish Christian Names of Men. [ 51 ]

O'Morphy, King of Leinster, for MacMorphy (or rather MacMurchadha) ;
but the family of O'Murchadha [which in English is Morphy], is very
different from and inferior to this family."

There are, however, some few instances to be met with in which O
has been changed to Mac, and vice versa, as in the case of O'Me-
laghlin, chief of the southern Hy-Niall race, to MacLoughlin ; and
in the following instances, O'Dubhdierma, to MacDermot; O'Do-
noghy, to MacDonough ; O'Cnavin, to MacNevin ; O'Heraghty, to
MacGeraghty; and some few others.

These latter changes are not calculated to disguise the Irish
origin of the families who have made them, but they tend to con-
found the tribe and locality of the respective families.

Similar changes have been made in the family names among the
Welsh : as, Ap- John, into Jones ; Ap- Richard, into Pritchard and
Richards; Ap-Owen, into Owens; Ap-Robert, into Probert and
Roberts ; Ap-Gwillim, to Williams ; Ap-Rody, to Brody ; Ap-Hugh,
to Pughe and Pew, and latterly to Hughes, &c.

Or ANCIENT IRISH CHRISTIAN OR BAPTISMAL NAMES OF MEN, AND
THEIR MODERNIZED FORMS.

Having thus treated of the alterations the Irish have made in
their surnames, or family names, for the purpose of giving them an
English appearance, the changes which they have likewise made in
their Christian or baptismal names, with the same intention, may
next be considered. Many of their original names they have
altogether rejected, as not immediately reducible to any modern
English forms; but others have been retained, though altered in
such a manner as to make them appear English. From the
authentic Irish annals and Genealogical books might be compiled
a copious list of proper names of men in use in the reign of Queen
Elizabeth, which have been for a long time laid aside, but the
limits of this work would not afford room for such a catalogue. It
must, therefore, suffice to point out the original forms of such names
as have been retained in an anglicised shape. These changes in

[ 52 ] Introduction.

the Christian names have been made by the families who have
adopted English surnames, as well as by those who have retained
the Milesian O and Mac; but these families have assumed that the
English forms which they have given to this class of names are
perfectly correct. This was considered to be true as early as the
year 1 689, when Sir Richard Cox wrote on the subject as follows, in
the introductory discourse to his History of Ireland : —

"The Christian names of the Irish are as in England, Hugh, Mahoone,
i.e. Mathew ; Teige, i.e. Tymothy ; Dermond, i.e. Jeremy ; Cnoghor, i.e.
Cornelius ; Cormuck, i.e. Charles ; Art, i.e. Arthur ; Donal, i.e. Daniel ;
Goron, i.e. Jeofry ; Magheesh, i.e. Moses."

Now, these names are by no means identical, though at present
they are universally received and used as such. In the first place,
the name Aedh, which has been metamorphosed to Hugh, is not
synonymous with it, for the word Aedh means fire; but Hugh,
which has been borrowed from the Saxon, signifies high or lofty.
Since, then, they bear not the same meaning, and are not com-
posed of the same letters, it is quite obvious that they have nothing
in common with each other. In the second place, Mahon, (Math-
ghamhain) or as Sir Richard Cox writes it, Mahoone,. is not
Matthew ; for according to Spenser and others, Mahon signifies a
bear, and therefore cannot be identical, synonymous, or cognate
with the Scriptural name Matthew, which signifies &gift or present
In the third instance, the Irish name Teige, (Tadhg), which ac-
cording to all the Irish glossaries, signifies &poet, is not synonymous
with Timothy, which means the God-honouring. Teige was first
anglicised Thady, and the editor is acquainted with individuals
who have rendered it Thaddaeus, Theophilus, and Theodosius.

In the fourth instance, Dermot, or, as Sir Richard Cox wrote
it, Dermond is not identical, or even cognate with Jeremy. On
this name, which was at first very incorrectly anglicised Darby, the
learned Dr. O'Brien wrote as follows: —

" Diarmaid, the proper name of several great princes of the old Irish.
This name is a compound of Did, god, and armaid, the genitive plural of

Modernized Ancient Irish Christian Names of Men. [ 53 ]

the Irish word arm, Latin, arma, armorum : so that Dia-armaid literally
signifies the same as Deus-armorum, the god of arms. Such is the exalted
origin of this Irish name, which does not screen it from being, at times, a
subject of ridicule to some of our pretty gentleman of the modern English
taste." — Focaloir Gaoidhilge Sax-Bhearla, or an Irish-English Dic-
tionary. Paris: 1768, page 179.

It must, however, be acknowledged that this is not the meaning
of the name Dermod, and that Dr. O'Brien was incorrect in this
explanation which he considered gave respectability to a name
common in his own ancient family, and which was regarded as
vulgar by those in power in Ireland at the period in which he
wrote. We have the authority of the Irish glossaries to show that
Diarmaid, which was adopted at a remote period of Irish history,
as the proper name of a man, signifies a freeman.

In the fifth instance, Concliobhar, or, as Sir Richard Cox writes it,
Cnogher, is not identical, synonymous, or even cognate with Cor-
nelius ; for though it has been customary with some families to
Latinize it Cornelius, still we know from the radices of both names
that they bear not the slightest analogy to each other, for the Irish
name is compounded of conn, strength, and cobhair, aid, assist-
ance ; while the Latin Cornelius is differently derived. It is,
then, evident that there is no reason for changing the Irish Con-
chobhar, or Conor, to Cornelius, except a fancied and very remote
resemblance between the sounds of both.

In the sixth instance, the name Cormac has no analogy to
Charles (which means noble-spirited), for it is explained by all our
glossographers as signifying " Son of the chariot ;" and it is added,
" that it was first given as a sobriquet in the first century to a
Lagenian prince who happened to be born in a chariot while his
mother was going on a journey, but that it afterwards became
honourable as the name of many great personages in Ireland."
After the accession of Charles I., however, to the throne many
Irish families of distinction changed the name of Cormac to Charles,
thinking the latter more dignified as the name of the reigning

[ 54 ] Introduction.

monarch — a practice which since has been very generally followed
in Ireland.

In the seventh instance, Sir Richard is probably correct, as Art
may be synonymous with Arthur ; indeed they both appear words
of the same original family of language, for the Irish word Art sig-
nifies noble ; and if we can rely on the British etymologists, Arthur
bears much of a similar meaning in the Cymraig, or Old British.

With respect to the eighth instance, given by Sir Richard Cox,
it appears certain that the Irish proper name, Domhnall, which
was originally anglicised Donnell and Donald, is not the same with
the Scriptural name, Daniel, which means God is my judge. The
ancient Irish glossographers never viewed it as such, for they
always wrote it Domltnall, and understood it to mean a great or
proud chieftain. This explanation may, however, be possibly in-
correct ; but the m in the first syllable shows that the name is
formed from a root very different from that from which the Scrip-
tural name Daniel is derived.

As to the names Goron (which is but a mistake for Searon),
Jeoffry ; and Magheesh or Moses, the two last instances mentioned
by Sir Richard Cox, they were never in use among the old
Irish, but were borrowed from the Anglo-Normans, and therefore
do not require notice in this place. The foregoing remarks suffi-
ciently show that the Christian names borne by the ancient Irish
are not identical, synonymous, or even cognate with those substi-
tuted for them in the tune of Sir Richard Cox. The baptismal,
or Christian names of the ancient Irish were variously formed,
but chiefly composed of adjectives denoting colours or qualities
of the mind or body; also of names of animals, with various
adjectives prefixed or postfixed. Thus, we have Aedh, now Hugh,
denoting fire ; Art (now Arthur), which means noble stone, or rock ;
Brian, from bri, strength; Becan, from beg, little; Beoan, from
beot lively. We have also Bran, a raven, and its diminutive
Brandn; Brocan, from broc, a badger; Buadhach, from buadh,
victory ; Caemhari and Caeimhghin, from caemh, comely, or hand-
some ; Blathmac, a blooming son, from blath, a blossom.

Modernized Ancient Irish Christian Names of Men. [ 55 ]

Names formed from adjectives denoting colours are very nume-
rous, as Banan, from bdn, white ; Corcran, from corcair, ruddy ;
Ciaran and Ceirin, from ciar, black ; Cronan and Croinin, from
cron, dark ; Donnan, from donn, dun ; Deargan, from dearg, red ;
Dubhan, from dubh, black ; Fionnan and Fionnagan, from fionn,
fair ; Gorman and Gormog, from gorm, blue ; Glasan and Glaisin,
from glas, green; Liathan, from Hath, gray; Lachtnan, from
lachtna, green ; Odhran and Uidhrin, from odhar, pale ; Riabhan,
from riabhach, grayish; Ruadhan, from ruadh, red; Uaithnin,
from uaithne, green.

Irish proper names of men were also formed by postfixing gal,
valour, and gus, virtue, as Ferghal, Donnghal, Tuathghal, Donn-
ghus, Cuangus, Aenghus.

Names of men were likewise made by prefixing gilla, youth, or
servant to the name of God or of some saint, as Gilla-De, servant
of God ; Gilla-Chomhghaill, servant of St. Congall ; Gilla-Choluim,
servant of St. Columba ; Gilla-Brighde, servant of St. Bridgit ;
&c. Some are of opinion that the ancient Irish borrowed this
word gilla from the Scandinavians, who postfixed it to the names
of their gods to form names of men, as in Thorghils, and that Irish
history does not exhibit any name beginning with gilla before the
invasion of the Northmen in 792. Be this as it may, very little
doubt can exist of the Irish having had, in early times, the word
gilla for a youth, servant, boy, or lackey ; and the name of Gilla,
or Gildas, uncompounded, is certainly more ancient than the Danish
invasions.

The word mael, bald, shorn, or tonsured, is also prefixed to
names of saints to form proper names of men, as Mael-Patraic, i.e.
Patrick's servant, or one tonsured in his name ; Mael-Eoin, ser-
vant of John; Mael-Suthain, " calvus perennis." When this word
mael is followed by an adjective it is synonymous with maZ, and
signifies chief or king, as Maeldearg, the red or ruddy chief; Mael-
dubh, the black chief.

The word ceile, companion, or vassal, is also sometimes, though
rarely, prefixed, as Ceile-Petair, the vassal of Peter. In Scotland

[ 56 ] Introduction.

we find cara, friend, similarly prefixed, as Cam Michil, the friend
of St. Michael.

Some proper names of men were formed by prefixing the word
cu, a hound or dog, to the name of a place, or some substantive,
as Cu- Uladh, hound of Ulster (or Canis Ultonice as it is sometimes
rendered in the Annals of Ulster) ; Cu-Mumkan, hound of Mum-
hain, or Munster ; Cu-Chonnacht, hound of Connaught ; Cu-Chaisil,
hound of Cashel; Cu-Bladkma, hound of Sliabh Bladhma; Cu-
Cuailgne, hound of Cuailgne ; Cu-Sionna, hound of the Shannon ;
Cu-mhaighe, hound of the plain ; Cu-sleibhe, hound of the moun-
tain; Cu-gan-mathair, hound without a mother.

Other names are formed by prefixing dubh, black, to the names
of places, as Dubhdothra, the black man of the [river] Dodder ;
Dubh-da-inbker,thQ black man of the two rivers; Dubh-da-thuatht
the black man of the two territories, &c.

At the present day very few of the original Irish names remain
without being translated into or assimilated with those borne
by the English. Thus, while among the O'Conors of Comment,
Cathal, and Calbhach, were changed into Charles (with which, it
will be readily granted, they have nothing in common, either in
meaning or sound) ; among the O'Conors of Offaly in Leinster,
Cathir, which signifies warrior, was also similarly metamorphosed.
At the same time the name of Charles was substituted by the
Mac Carthys of Desmond for their Cormac, and by the O'Hagans
and other northern families sometimes for their Turlogh, which,
however, is more usually made Terence.

In the families of Mac Carthy, O'Sullivan, and O'Driscoll, Fin-
ghin [Fineen], a name very general among them, and which signi-
fies " the fair offspring," has been anglicised to Florence. The
famous Finghin Mac Carthy, who was imprisoned in the Tower of
London for thirty-six years, was the first who translated this
name by Florence, and some of his enemies thought to make
it appear that he had a sinister motive in thus anglicizing
the Irish name. Among the same southern families the name
Saerbrethach, which prevails among the Mac Carthys in par-

Modernized Ancient Irish Christian Names of Men. [ 57 ]

ticular, and which signifies the noble judge, is translated Justin.
In the family of O'Donovan, as the writer has had every op-
portunity of knowing, the name Murrogh has been metamor-
phosed to Morgan; Dermod, to Jeremiah; Teige, to Timothy;
Conchobhar, or Conor, to Cornelius ; Donogh, to Denis ; and Don-
nell to Daniel. In the family of O'Brien the hereditary name
of Turlogh has been changed to Terence; Mahon, to Matthew;
Murtogh, or Moriertagh, to Mortimer (but this very lately) ; and
Lachtna and Laoiseach, to Lucius. Among the O'Gradys the name
Aneslis is rendered Stanislaus and Standish. In the families of
O'Donnell, O'Kane, and others, in the province of Ulster, Manus,
a name borrowed by those families from the Danes, is now often
rendered Manasses. In the families of Mac Mahon and Mac Kenna,
in Ulster, the name Ardghal, or Ardal, signifying, " of high prowess
or valour," is always anglicised Arnold. In the family of O'Madden
of Sil Anmchadha, in the south-east of the county of Gal way,
the hereditary name of Anmcha, which is translated Animosus by
Colgan, is now always rendered Ambrose, to which it bears not the
slightest analogy. Among the families of O'Doyle, Kavanagh, and
others, in the province of Leinster, the name Maidoc, or Mogue,
which they adopted from St. Maidoc, or Aidan, the patron saint of
the diocese of Ferns, is now always rendered Moses among the
Roman Catholics, and Aidan among the Protestants. Among the
O'Neills, in the province of Ulster, the name, Feidhlim, Felim, or
Felimy, explained as meaning the ever good, is now made Felix ;
Con, signifying strength, is made Constantine; and Ferdoragb,
meaning dark-visaged man, is rendered Frederic, or Ferdinand.
Among the O'Conors of Connacht the name Ruaidhri, or Rory,
is now anglicised Roderic ; but the O'Shaughnessys and most
other families render it Roger. In the O'Conor family Tomal-
tach is rendered Thomas ; Aedh, Hugh ; and Eoghan, Owen.
In the families of MacDonnell and others in Scotland and in
the north of Ireland the name Aenghus, or Angus, is always
rendered ^Eneas, and Feradhach, Frederic. Among the O'Hanlys
of Sliabh Baune, in the east of the county of Roscommon, the

[ 58 ] Introduction.

name Berach, which they have adopted from their patron saint,
and which is translated by Colgan, directe ad scopum collimans,
is now always, and correctly enough, rendered Barry. Through-
out Ireland the old name of Brian is now rendered Bernard, and
vulgarized to Barney ; the latter is more properly an abbreviation
of Barnaby. Among the O' Haras and O'Garas, in the county of
Sligo, the name Cian, which they have adopted from their great
ancestor, Cian, the son of Olioll Olum, King of Munster, has long
been rendered Kean, and sometimes, though rarely, changed to
King. In the family of Maguire, Cuconnacht is rendered Constan-
tine, while in other families Cosnava undergoes precisely the same
change. In the family of O'Kane, the name written Cu-mkaighe
in the original language (pronounced Gooey), and signifying "dog,
or hound of the plain," is now rendered Quintin. In the family of
O'Dowda, the ancient name of Dathi, which they have adopted from
their great pagan ancestor, king of Ireland, is now rendered David,
a name with which it is supposed to be synonymous. In the north
and west of Ireland the names Dubhaltach, Dubhdalethe, and
Dubhdara, are all anglicised Dudley. In the family of Mac
Sweeny, the very ancient name of Heremon is anglicised Irwin ;
but it is now nearly obsolete as a Christian name. In the families
of O'Hanlon, O'Haran, and O'Heany, in the province of Ulster, the
name Eochaidh, signifying horseman, and which was latinized
Eochodius, Achaius, Euthichius, and Equitius, is anglicised Auhy
and Atty ; but this is also almost obsolete, as a Christian name, the
editor never having in his travels through Ireland met more than
one person who bore it. Among the O'Mulconrys, now Corny s, the
names Flann, Fithil, and Flaithri, have been anglicised Florence.
In the family of O'Daly the name Baothghalach, which was for-
merly latinized Boethius, is now always rendered Bowes ; and in
that of O'Clery the name Lughaidh is anglicised Lewy and Lewis.
Among the O'Reillys of Cavan the hereditary name of Maelmordha,
which signifies "majestic chief," is now invariably rendered Myles,
and among the O'Kellys of Hy-Many, the name Fachtna is ren-
dered Festus. In every part of Ireland, Mael-seachlainn, or

Ancient Irish Female Names and their Changes. [59 ]

Melaghlin, which signifies servant of St. Sechnall or Secundinus, has
been changed to Malachy, to which it bears no analogy whatever,
excepting some distant resemblance in sound. The name of Gilla-
Patraic has universally been changed to Patrick ; and it is curious
to observe that common as the name Patrick has now become in
Ireland, especially among the lower classes, it was never in use
among the ancient Irish, for they were not wont to call their chil-
dren by the name of the Irish Apostle, deeming it more respectful
and auspicious to style them his servants ; and hence we find the
ancient Irish calling their children, not Patrick, but Mael-Patraic
or Gilla-Patraic ; and these names they latinized Patricianus, not
Patricius. The name of Patrick (Patricius) was one of the most
honourable names of all antiquity, as the reader will see in the
work on the British Churches by Archbishop Ussher, p. 841, 1046 ;
— 4to, Dublin, 1639.

OF ANCIENT IRISH FEMALE NAMES AND THEIR CHANGES.

The Irish names of women have been also much metamorphosed,
and many of the most curious entirely rejected. The editor pos-
sesses a list of the names of women, drawn up from the authentic
Irish annals, and from the Ban-Seanchus, or " History of Remark-
able Women" — a curious tract in the Book of Lecan, fol. 193; but
as the limits of this Introduction will not admit this catalogue, it
may suffice to give such names as are still retained, with a selection
from the most curious of those which have been rejected, adding
their meanings as far as they are certain. The following are the
ancient Irish names of women still retained, as the editor has de-
termined by examining the provinces of Ulster, Connacht,
Leinster, and the greater part of Munster.

1. A ine, now Hannah.

2. Brighid, now anglicised Bridget, from its resemblance to the
name of the celebrated Swedish virgin of that name. Brighid is
a woman's name of pagan origin in Ireland ; it has been explained
"fiery dart" by the Irish glossographers, especially by Cormac, king

[ GO ] Introduction.

and bishop of Cashel, who distinctly states in his Glossary that it
was the name of the muse who was believed to preside over poetry
in pagan times in Ireland. Brighid is now very common in Ireland
as the name of a woman, in consequence of its being that of the
most celebrated of the female saints of Ireland, the patroness of
Kildare, and anciently of all Ireland, and who was well known
over all Europe as the most illustrious of the female saints of the
West.

3. Finola (Finnghuala, of the fair shoulders) has nearly be-
come obsolete v since the beginning of the eighteenth century, but
some few still retain it in the abbreviated form of Nuala.

4. Graine, now Grace.

5. Lasairfhina, Lassarina, also, though in use not long since,
has latterly become obsolete.

6. Meadhbh, pronounced Meave. This is still preserved and
anglicised Maud, Mab, and Mabby; the editor is acquainted
with several old women of the Milesian race who still retain it.
Meadhbh was the name of a celebrated queen of Connacht, who
nourished in the first century, and who is now known in the
legends of the mountainous districts of Ireland as the queen of
the fairies.

7. Mor, pronounced More, and anglicised Martha. The editor
believes that there are very few women of this name now living
in Ireland, though it was the name of many ladies in the reign of
Queen Elizabeth, and for a century later. In our own times,
however, it has been almost invariably anglicised Mary, with
which it is neither synonymous nor cognate.

8. SadIM, pronounced Soyv, is still the name of several
women of the native Irish race. It is now almost invariably
anglicised Sally, to which it bears no analogy.

9. Sorcha is still the name of several women in Ireland, espe-
cially in the province of Ulster ; but the rising generation are be-
ginning to change it to Sarah or Sally. The editor is acquainted
with families in which this name is hereditary, and among whom
the mother is always called Sorcha, and the daughter Sally. The

Ancient Irish Female Names and their Changes. [ 61 ]

name Sorcha signifies clear, bright, and might be well rendered
Lucy or Lucinda.

1 0. Una. This name is still in constant use among the women
of Ireland, but when speaking English they invariably anglicise it
to Winifred or Winny.

The editor is not aware that any other names in use in the
ancient Irish times are now retained.

The names Catherine, Eleanor, Isabella, Mary, Honora, Judith,
Joane, Sighile, Sheela (Celia), and many others now in use, and
supposed to be of Irish origin, do not occur in the " Account of
Remarkable Women" above referred to, and there is no reason for
believing that they were ever in use in ancient Ireland.

The following is a list of names of women which occur in the
authentic annals and in the "History of Remarkable Women;" it
is highly probable that a few of them are of Scandinavian origin : —

Aoibhin or Aevin, [Amoena], the
pleasant.

Aoife, Eva.

Africa.

Albi and Albin.

Allin.

Alma, all good.

Alphin.

Aihracta.*

Bardubh, black-haired.

Bebail, woman of prosperity.

Bebinn, melodious woman.

Blaihnaid [Florinda], from blath,
a blossom.

Brigh, vigour.

Cacht, a bondmaid.

Cailleach-De, nun or female ser-
vant of God.

CaHleach-Coeimghin, the nun or
female servant of St. Kevin.

CaiUeach-Aenguis, the nun or fe-
male servant of St. Aengus.

Caintigem, fair lady.

Ceara, the ruddy.

Cochrand.

CoWiflaiih, Covfla, Victory.

Coca.

Corcar, the ruddy.

Creidh, Crea.

Damhnait, Devnet, latinized
Dymphna.

D&vrbhail, Derval, the true request.

DerbJiforgaill, Derforgal, the true
oath, latinized Dervorgilla.

Dianimh and Dinimh.

Dechter. .

Derdrt, alarm.

Dorenn, the sullen.

Dubhchobhlaith, Duv-Covfla, vic-
toria nigra.

z This name has been restored by the MacDermott of Coolavin in the latinized form of
Attracta.

[62]

Introduction.

Diibliessa, nigra nutrix.
Duinsech, brown -haired.
Dunfhlaiih, Dunlah, lady of the

fort.

Edaoin, Edwina.
Eiihne, Inny.
Elbrigh.

Eimher, Emeria.
Eri.

Essay nutrix.

Euginia, feminine form of Eoghan.
Fedilmi, the ever good.
Finbil, the white blossom.
Findelbh, fair countenance.
Finnabhor, of the fair eyelids.
Finni, the comely.
Finscoth, the fair flower.
Findath, the fair colour.
Flanna, the ruddy.
Gelges, swan-white.
Gemlorg, gem-like.
Gnaihat.

Gobnait, feminine form of Gobban.
Gormfhlaith, or Gonnlaith, the

blue lady.

Ita, Ida, the thirsty.
Lann, a sword.
Lassair, a flame.
Lassair-fhina, Lassarina, flame or

blush of the wine.
Lerihan.

Lithan.

Luanmaisi, beautiful as the moon.

Ligach, pearly, or like a precious
stone.

Maelmaiden, servant of the morning.

Mongfinn, of the fair hair.

Moncha, the same as Monica.

Murgel, the fair one of the sea.

Murrinn [crinita], of the long hair.

Niamh, effulgence.

Orfhlath,QT Orlath,the golden lady.

Ranalt, feminine form of Eandal.

Ronat, feminine form of Ronan.

Saraid, the excellent; quere the
same as Sarah?

Selbhflaifh, Selbhlaith, lady of pos-
sessions.

Simaith, the good tranquillity.

Sodelbha, of the goodly aspect.

So-Domina, the good lady.

Temhair, the conspicuous.

Talilath, quere Dalilah?

Tindi, the sensitive.

Tressi, strength.

Tuaihfhlaiik, Tualath, the noble
lady.

Uailsi, the proud.

Uaisli, the gentle.

Uallach, the proud.

Uclidelbha, of the fair breast.

Unchi, the contentious.

[63]

CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS.

The reader has now seen the process by which so many of the
Irish people have assimilated their names and surnames to those of
the English. Some of the families who have thus anglicised their
names wish to conceal their Irish origin ; and one result of these
changes must soon be that statistical writers will be apt to infer
from the small number of ancient Irish surnames retained in Ire-
land, that all the old Irish race were supplanted by the English.

These notices of the surnames of the Irish people may be closed
by the remark that no ancient Irish surname is perfect unless it
have O or Mac prefixed, excepting in those instances where the
sobriquet or cognomen of the ancestor is used as the surname, as
Kavanagh, &c., and, accordingly, that nine-tenths of the surnames
at present borne by the Irish people are incorrect, as being mere
mutilations of their original forms.

"Per Mac atque O, tu veros cognoscis Hibernos :
His duobus demptis, nullus Hibernus adest :"

" By Mac and O
You'll always know

True Irishmen, they say ;
But if they lack
Both O and Mac,

No Irishmen are they."

The truth of these well-known lines may now be questioned,
though it was undeniable a few centuries since.

Spenser, while he advised that the Irish should be compelled by
England to reject their Os and Macs, and to adopt English sur-
names, dissuaded his own countrymen from adopting Irish names,
as some of them had done, in the following words, which an Irish
. writer might now adopt as his own : —

"Is it possible that any should so farre growe out of frame, that they
should in so short space quite forget their countrey and their own names :

[ 64 ] Introduction.

That is a most dangerous lethargie, much worse than that of Messala Cor-
vinus, who, being a most learned man, thorough sickness forgat his own
name." — View of the State of Ireland. Dublin: 1633, page 45.

And again : —

" Could they ever conceive any such dislike of their owne natural coun-
tryes, as that they would be ashamed of their name, and byte at the dugge
from which they sucked life." — Ibid, page 46.

The Society is indebted to the Council of the Koyal Irish
Academy for having, with its accustomed liberality, given the
editor access to the Academy's valuable collection of Irish Manu-
scripts, for the purpose of transcribing and collating the texts of
the following poems.

The editor desires here to express his obligations to the Rev.
J. H. Todd, D.D., and J. T. Gilbert, Esq., the Honorary Secretaries
of the Society, for the assistance rendered him in passing this volume
through the press. To the Rev. William Reeves, D.D., Secretary
of the Royal Irish Academy, he is also indebted for his careful
revision of the work in its progress, and for many valuable sug-
gestions, which, together with the copious index which he has
contributed, eminently entitle him to the thanks of the Society.

J. O'D.

DUBLIN, 1st of December, 1861.

TOPOGRAPHICAL POEMS.

O'DUBHAGAIN

CC •OUrTlCCIT) T>a sach aifvofush, 0511^ T>a cech
T>a sach raoifeach cuaiche uro OtMnn, a^Uf a rofach 7>o
"Geamfiaicch.

O'THaolreachloinT), ain.T>n.i T^eanifia 051^ 6fienn.

[CC |iiog|iai'D,] 0'hCCi|iT: c^Uf O'Uia^ain a^tif O'Ceallaig,

ponnpochla ; O'pallaTtiain,

Cfiiche na cCeT)ach ; O'Conroealtlain, ngea|inatao5ho
O'bfiaoin ngeafina ttn|ni ; n|ea|ina tla TTlac tlaif O'hCCen-
gufct; c^tif 0'hCCeT>a, riseaiina OT>^a; a^UfO'^Outidin^i^heatina
Cnogba ; a^uf O'hCCin^ir, ci|eaifina 1fea|i mbile; a^Uf O'Cachu-
f aig, ngeafinct na 8aichne ; ct^tif O'teocham, -cileainria^ailean^ ;
O'^Oonnca'ca, sigeajincc 'Ceatlai^ TTlo'Da|iain, a^tif O'hlonn-
Coyico Rai-oe ; O'TTlaoilthtiai'D, ngea|ina peafi
cCeall ; O'TJuBlcn'oe cigeatina feafi "Cutac ; O'ponnaUdin
"Oeattna TTloifie ; O'TnaolltnsDeccc rigea|iTia an
TTI 05 Cochtdm, n§ea|ina T)eaU5na beat;h|ia ;
Ctiijicne. CCin.T>£i|6afinaT>a na

CC cr:aoifi5 ann^o : TTI 05 Ooca^am, t:aoiptich Ceneoil
phiachach ; TTla^ Huaific ayi Chenet n-6ti'oa; O'hOocha'&a raoi-
reach Ceneoil nCCen^upa; O'TDaolcallann, raifeac "DealBna
bicce.

CCi|i'D^i5ea|ina'Da'Cearhpa: O'Carhafinaig, O'Ctnnn, a^tif TTla^
Conpiacla, O'Lachrnam, a^uf O'TTltiiiieasdin ; O'ptanna^dm
ci^ea|ina an Comaifi ; O'bftaom, t:i|eayina bfieashmame ; TTlac
Conmea-ba, n^eaiina TTltJinnfie Loe'ba^ain ; TlTla^ CCe-ba,
TDuinci|ie "Clamdm ; a^u-p TTI 05 'Chains,

O'DUBHAGAIN,

HIS COUNTRY to every chief king, and to every sub-
king, and to every chief of a cantred in Erin, and first to
Teamhair.

O'Maolseachlainn, chief king of Teamhair and of Erin.

O hAirt, and O'Riagain, and O'Ceallaigh, and O'Conghalaigh,
are its kings.

O'Ruaidhri, lord of Fionnfochla ; O'Fallamhain, lord of Crioch
na gCedach ; O'Coindealbhain, lord of Laeghaire ; and O'Braoin,
lord of Luighne ; O hAenghusa, lord of Ui MacUais ; O hAedha,
lord of Odhbha ; and O'Dubhain, lord of Cnodhbha ; and 0 hAin-
bhith, lord of Feara-Bile ; and O'Cathasaigh, lord of the Saithne ;
and O'Leochain, lord of Gailenga ; and O'Donnchadha, lord of
Teallach Modharain ; and Ohlonradhain, lord of Corca-Raidhe ;
O'Maoilmhuaidh, lord of Feara-Ceall ; O'Dubhlaidhe, lord of
Feara-Tulach; O'Fionnallain, lord of Dealbhna-Mor ; O'Maelluigh-
dheach, lord of the Brugh ; and MagCochlain, lord of Dealbhna
Beathra ; O'Tolairg, lord of Cuircne ; These are the chief lords of
Meath.

Their chieftains are these : Mag-Eochagain, chieftain of Cinel-
Fiachach ; Mag-Ruairc, over Cinel-Enda ; O hEochadha, chief of
Cinel-Aenghusa ; O'Maelcallann, chief of Dealbhna Beg.

The chief lords of Teathbha are O'Catharnaigh, O'Cuinn, and
Mag Confiacla, O'Lachtnain, and O'Muiregain ; O'Flannagain, lord
of the Comar ; O'Braoin, lord of Breaghmhaine ; MacConmeadha,
lord of Muinter-Laedhagain ; Mag Aedha, lord of Muinter-Tla-
main ; and Mag Taidg, lord of Muinter-Siorthachain ; and Mag

B 2

TTluincipe Siopchacain ; apip ^05 CCnialsa'&a, ngeapna Catl-
paige ; TTIa^ Cappgariina ap TYluinnp tYlaoiU;pionT>a ; 0'"Oalaig,
ngeapna Copca CC-oam ; a^up 0'TTIuipeaT>ai|; ap Cenel
main ; O'Bcolai'oe ap T)ealBna ie|iraifi ; O'Cothfiai'De, ci
Ua 1Tlacuaif ; O'tiCCe-oa aji 'Cifi 'Cecrchpa, O'CeayiBaiU,
0'"Otnnn afi rheaThiiais, a^tif TTlac Siollafeachlainn ap.
ce|iT: bfiea^h ; a^Uf O'Honain a|i Chaifibfie 5«t!>fux
ayi Jaitean^aitS bea^a.

CC^n cuiT) na TTli'fee acr T>a ngeafina T>* fine
ITlac 5iolla mocolmos, 0511 p Ua ^Ounca-oa, a^Uf rf
.1. an 'Cuilen ; 0'TITIuificea|irai5, cigeajina O'TDame
O'TTlo'Daifin a|i Chenet nOochain, %Uf aft b|iear:naiB.

Cona'D "001 B fin arbeni; O'^OuBa^dm .1. Seaan TTI6|i,
peanchai-5 eipi-ohe, agup ollani O'TYlame; aoif C|iif^ an ran
, 1372.

nmcheall na
ifi ap pufipo^iia,
CCf na £01-0115 a bpinleam,
Ma coigea-fca cua]\t;ui§eam.

T)enam ayi cup co

Co pait;hche an rhuin. nnnT>ealBai§,

^ndt;h na lecc^ai'D pea^ laini, [pa la|i]
each in dp cconrbail,

uaiple na
Co 'Ceampaig na
Mi hwoe bup pia na pom,
Ni bia T)ume gan

CC T)epa-D ann an pluctg paop:
T)umn dp n-uaiple T>'en
pair ^ach line nap teag
cipe T>O

O'DUBHAGAIN. 5

Amhalghadha, lord of Callraighe ; MagCarrghamhna, over
Muinter-Maoiltsionna ; O'Dalaigh, lord of Corca Adam ; and
O'Muireadhaigh, over Cinel Tlamain ; O'Scolaidhe, over Western
Dealbhna ; O'Comhraidhe, lord of Ui MacUais ; O hAedha, over
Tir Teathbha ; O'Cearbhaill, and O'Duinn, over Teamhair ; and
MacGiollasechlainn, over South Breagh; and O'Ronain, over
Cairbre Gabhra ; O hAenghusa, over Gailenga Bega.

Thus far the part of [the work embracing all] Meath, except two
lords of Fine Gall, i.e., MacGiolla Mocholmog, and Ua Dunchadha,
and three1 septs of Tuilen ; O'Muircheartaigh, lord of Ui- Maine,
and O'Modhairn, over Cinel n-Eochain, and over the Britons.

Of which [tribes and chieftains] O'Dubhagain, i.e., John Mor, a
learned historian, and Ollamh of Ui-Maine, sung. The age of
Christ when he died was 1372.

" Let us pass round Fodhla ;2
Let men go by order
From the lands in which we are ;
The provinces let us go round.

Let us proceed first to Teamhair,
To the green of the fair formed fortress ;
The usual embassy do not neglect,
Let all come to meet us.

Let the nobles of Erin proceed3
To Teamhair4 of the kingly fetters, —
No journey longer than this [is required],
No man shall be without a patrimony.

The noble host shall say there :

Recount to us our nobility together,

The prosperous host of each line that has not melted away,*

Enumerate the chief of each territory.

6

CCg f o cof ac

T)a

'8 T>

Ma floinT)earn on THi-ohe arhdin
O'TTlaoileachloinn, ni heccdifi,

na TiT)|iearn

a na 'Ceartijiach a

"DO cean^ail na
O'Cealtaig, O'

T)'pea|iaiB fiea^ af f
O'Ruai'5|ii, |ii ponnpochta,
O'paltaniain bice a b|iac,

Cfiiche na cCeT>acb.

O'Coin'oealBam na ccuifie,
Hi Iaonrp5ai|i5lic Laegtufie,
bioT) ban. ccuinine afi cyiaoiB li liI5
O'bfuxom, fii ttngne anlaigi-5,

Hi Ua mac Uaif bfiecc^b
O'hCCengufa an aifiT) mtnn-ifi,
Na cyiao^a co folma -peim,
O'bCCe-Dba a

O'T>ut5ain a

Of an mbfiomig

O'bCCmBeic v pne na n-a|im,

Hi phean. mbite na mbdn cbafin.

O'DUBHAGAIN.

Here we begin with Teamhair —

Before [any seat of] the race of Gaedhil of merry voice,

To their tribes, to their princes,

And to their legitimate good chieftains.

Let us not make mention of Meath alone,
O'Maeileachlainn,6 it is not unjust,
The fierce tribe in remunerating the septs,
Chief kings of noble Erin.

The chieftains of Teamhair, where we are,
O hAirt7 the noble, and O'Riagain,8
A host which united the harbours,
O'Ceallaigh,9 O'Conghalaigh.10

Of the men of Breagh,11 an approved king
Is O'Ruaidhri,12 king of Fionnfochla.
O'Fallamhain of constant prosperity,
Is goodly dynast of Crich na gCedach.13

O'Coindealbhain of troops,

Is the surpassing-wise king of Laeghaire;14

Have your memory fixed on the beauteous branch,

O'Braoin is king of heroic Luighne.15

King of Ui-Macuais of Breagh16 the beauteous,
Is O'hAenghusa of the high family ;
The branches are active and courteous ;
O'hAedha over Odhbha17 of sharp weapons.

O'Dubhain over the territory of Cnodhbha,1*
Over the fine flowery flood,
O'hAinbheith19 of the tribe of arms,
Is king of Feara-Bile of the white earns.

8

Hi na Saicne co fleapait5,
O'cloi'oeim'oen.5 Caishpefpai^
O'leocam sap. T>O steanT>ai15,
'Na fug slan an.

0'"Oonncha'5a na woa^ an.
Hi 'Gealtaig nun
O'hlonfia-oain
Hi Cofica HaoiT>e

Hi peafi cceall na ccloi'&earh fean,
O'TTlaotnitiai'5, faoyi an floinT>eaT)
Ho paoma'5 ^ac lann
Hann na aenafi

0'T)ublai'5e pa "Dio^amn
Hi "peafi T7C|iia^huaf al
"OealBna TTlofi T>O bfiair banT>dit
Og a plaic O'

an fio^ha nac bea^
O'TTlaoil laonrouapac lugach ;
nflaj Cochtam bjiect^h-oa arci a cloinn,
Hi T)eatt5na Oa^ia dtomn.

nan, ctai'oe'5,
Hi Ctuficne na cclajiTtiaigeT)
Dui^eam gac *Dfieam T>a n'oeachai'D
T)n,uiT)eam cfiealt fie

"Gopach T>on aicnie

Clann Oocha^am

8lo§ na bpe|ien, 7)eaU5T>a a

CCfi chenel bpeafifvba 6-piachac.

O'DUBHAGAIN.

King of the Saithni20 of spears,
Is red-sworded O'Cathasaigh.
O'Leochain,21 close to the glens,
Is pure king over the Gailenga.

O'Donnchadha of goodly tillages,

Is king of the smooth Teallach-Modharaiii.22

O hlonradhain, nobler he

Is king of the very fine Corca-Raeidhe.23

King of Feara-Ceall24 of ancient swords,
O'Maolmhuaidh, noble the surname,
Every sword was tried by him,
He has a division to himself alone.

O'Dubhlaidhe of great prosperity,
Is king of Feara-Tulach25 of noble lords.
Dealbhna mor26 of fair female bands,
Pure its chief O'Fionnallain.

Chief of the Brugh27 of no small prosperity,

Is O'Maollughdhach of great munificence ;

Mag Cochlain, whose children are comely to behold,

King of beauteous Dealbhna-Eathra.28

O'Tolairg, a lord who was not subdued,
King of Cuircne29 of level plains.
We understand each sept above recorded,
Let us awhile approach their sub-chiefs.

We give first place to the manly sept,
The illustrious Clann-Eochagain,
Host of the girdles, comely their complexion,
Over the manly Cinel-Fiachach.30

10

ftuaific ap. aicme 6hiT>a,
"Mac ecus an. ikcim 7>ltn£en.a;
O'Caifibfie ap, 'Ghuaic mbua-oa mbmn,
of an cuai£ ma

0'h6ocaT>a af oil ppaf a,
CCfi Chen el n-dfiT) n-CCen^hafa
Of TDealbna bice, calm a a clann,
O'TTI aol — caomca'ola — Callann.

"On.ui'oeam le rn.iar;hait5
Wi t)li5 finn a pififeachna

jioi'oe na
if omech

CCifvon.1 'Cear:hfa on
O — cfiechsafim ac — Cach a|in ai g,
Bloc fio pa^ fimnT) co |iicrca,
Cum n if O'Conpacla.

O'Laccnam na luai'o beag d|i
0' — mofouaf ach — TT1 uifieasa
TTlaic T>O "oli^h fiat) na fiona
CC^ fin iaT> na

a an Chomaip, cofnai§

E |iem chaoiB mi) tule,
O'bfiaom bmn

TTIac ConmeaT)ha na mucal,
Of TTlumciii Iain7> Lao-oucan,

TTluinciyi coif 1:15 r'Clamam.

O'DUBHAGAIN. 1 1

Mag Ruairc over the sept of Enda,31
Who never gave a [bardic] party a blank refusal ;
O'Cairbre is over sweet Tuath Buadha,32
Armies over the district as I count.

O'hEochadha of great showers,

Over high Cinel Aenghusa:33

Over Dealhbna Beg,34 brave his children,

Is O'Maelcallann, the fair and hardy.

Let us approach the lords of Teathbha,35
We ought not always to shun them,
The brown oaks of the valleys,
The protection and bounty of Erin.

Chief king of Teathfa, of whom robbers are afraid,
Is O'Catharnaigh of wounding arms,
A rod who left ploughed divisions ;
Mag Cuinn36 and O'Confiacla.37

O'Lachtnain,38 of no small tillage,
O'Muireagan,39 the very bountiful,
Well have they ordained the seasons,40
These are the sub-kings [of Teathfa.]

Goodly kings of the festive Comar,41

Are O'Flannagain, plundering chief, —

Let them all be by my side,

[And] O'Braein, the melodious, over Breaghmhaine.42

Mac Conmeadha43 of the swine litters,
Over the fierce Muintir Laedhagain.
Mag Aedha44 to whom the title is given,
Over the fruitful Muintir Tlamain.

12

TTlac Txxi-os af buan
CCfi TYltnncin. faoin. Sion£achdn,
TTlas-pitTD-CCTnal^a'Da mle
Of cala-oaiB

Ttttnncin. TTlaoilfionna fluajach,
5afn.cc dlainn lolBua-oac,
TTlas Cafifigarhna of cionn na cccrc
"Ma n-DO^h'Dartina rrseairo

co

0'TntnfteaT)hai5 co
CC|i

0'8colaif>e na feel mbinn,
CC|i "Oeal^na ia|iraifi aoiburo,
Hi mac Uaif af cofintn^e
0'Corti|iai'5e na ccean*ouf.

O'hOCe'oha an. nn, Tearpa
0'Cean.baitt ceaf ayi
T)o cuaiT>h ponn na ppean. po
Hi lean an T>n.on T>d

ap,

"Do fno^ai^l co |io meanmam ;
T)o niim^ a chumg ^ac car^h,
0'T)umn an. T;ifiit5 'Ceanijiach.

TTlac

CCfi T>eifceafit:

Hi an. Chai|ib|ie

O'Honam, calm a an cm 1151*6.

O'DUBHAGAIN. 1 3

MacTaidhg,45 who is lasting in battle front,
Over the free Muintir-Siorthachain.
The fair Mag Amhalghadha, all
Over the marshes of Calraighe.46

Muintir Maoilsionna47 of hosts,
Are a fine all- victorious tribe,
MagCarrghamhna is over their battalions,
Of the stout and lordly chiefs.

The chiefs of high Corca Adhamh,48
O'Dalaigh of lasting renown ;
O'Muireadhaigh of valiant arms,
Over the fair sided Muintir Tlamain.49

O'Scolaidhe of sweet stories,
Over the delightful Western Dealbhna,50
Ui Mac Uais51 the most festive here
Have O'Comhraidhe at their head.

O hAedha52 over East Tir Teathfa,
O'Cearbhail53 over the south of Teamhair ;
The land of the men has gone under bondage,
These people have not clung to their birthright.

Let us raise up for Teamhair, more
Of kings with great courage :
His yoke has tamed each battalion,
O'Duinn54 over the districts of Teamhair.

MacGillaseachlainn the peaceable

Over Southern Breagh55 of dropping flowers ;

King over the fine Cairbre Gabhrain56

Is O'Ronain, brave, the hero.

14

OCn. JaileansaiB bea^a
O'hCCengiifa 50 aifieani ;
a caorhna $an
aot5i>a -DO

T)o rni-oeachaifi na fiTh'oe,
He tiecroh pa'oa aitnfi|ie
CCcai'D na bpne cfiann ccuiji,
"Da ^115 pne ^aU. ^le glom.

TTlac 51°^arn°colmo5 caoini,
O'^Ounctia-oa 50 nT>ea5haoiB,
T)6ip T)O f ealtia'D nee p'ona,
T)o

rucrca an 'Ctnten $an ait,
TTIi'De ^en cob TTli'Di§,
Oocan T)o •oeacfiai'D T>diB
TTlame bfiea^nai§ co mbuan bhaiu

THoichmiO'Dot T>O mcro na
CCf 1OD conirionot Cdifim§.
T)eT)la fiot T)omnailt
Ri OTTlame

O'tDoT)ai|in, p.i fochp.ai'5
OCji Cenel 6ocham uafoit,
Pan •oeacfiai'D buT>em 7)Ofan
CC mb|iea^nai5 -pem

f^un. aft a -pcetaiB
TTli-De mm-pe|iai|,
On bfiu^, o bn.ea£thai£ na mbann
"Do 7>ul 50 'Ceamjiai^ 'Cpiattam.

Ctn-o na Hli-oe T>on a^ayi crguf "Don -ouam contnce pn

O'DUBH AGAIN. 15

Over Lesser Gailenga, of Breagh,5

O'hAenghusa is reckoned ;

Seek his protection without scruple,

He is the most splendid Meathman [of all] I have enumerated.

Of the Meathmen of Meath,

For a long period of time

Have been as tribes of chance,

The two kings of bright Fine Gall :58

MacGiolla-Mocholmog, the fair,
O'Dunchadha,59 of goodly aspect,
By them the seasons were regulated,
To prove that they were good kings.

The three septs of Tuilen60 without blemish,
In Meath, though not Meathmen,
Are the Fir-Eochain, distinguished among them
The Maini, [and] the Britons of lasting fame.

Early these men quaff their metheglin :
They are the congregation of Caernech.
Valiant are the Siol-Domhnaill of fine eyes,
King of Ui-Maine is O'Muirchertaigh.

O'Modhairn, peaceful king is he,
Over the noble Cinel-Eochain,
Who have flourished under him,
Their own Britons under them.

Let us cease from our stories

Of the smooth-grassy Meath,

From the Brugh, from Breaghmagh of laws,

To go to Teamhair, pass we.

Thus far the portion of the argument and of the poem which
relates to Meath.

16
CU1T) CU151T) llUrO fiofcma, a^uf a cho^ac T>O Oileach

na

O'Nell, aifi7>fii Oilish, a^tif tn attach lamn a aijvofii ele ;
O'Ccrchdin a^uf O'ConcoBaifi 7>d difiT>£i|eafina Cianacra; 0'T)tn15-
•6iofima, cigeafina na bfie'ocha; O'hOsdm afi TAilaig occ ; cc^tif
O'5aijiTnleaT>hai£ aji Chen el TTloam ; O'peaiigail, 0511 f 0"0oni-
nalldm, aguf O'TDonna^dm, a^uf tries Tfitificha'Da a^tif TYlec
T)umnchtian, a^tjf tTlec HtjaiT>|ii, ap 'Ceallaig n-CCm15i£,
in; ^aoifeac Cofica Gachach, O'Ceallaig;
O'Ciayidm ayi peafinniaig, O'TTlaoilbfieafail

a^tif O'Cionaecha afiTTlaig n-1cha;
naill ayi Cenel mbmni£ an S^mT)e a^tif a\i Cenel
"Cuai^he Hoif, ajuf an. Cenel mbmT)i5 tocha
0'"Ouifrotianaig, ce^uf D'hCC^hmaill, aguf O'h 61^501 n afi na
, .1. 'Ceallach Cachaldm, a^Uf 'Ceallach T)uiB-
Deallac mbyiaendm ; O'maoilpOTXXficaig, a^Uf
D'hO^ain afi Cenel 'Cigea|inai5 ; O'Cuanach,
Clomn

O'hO^am, afi Can.jitnc
O'tnealldm ap, 8iol CCe-oa Gnaig;
piachpach a|i Cenel peafia-baig.

CCi|inin, a^tif 8iol TTlaoilpaBaill, agtif Clann Ccrchrhaoil
afi an saot5 t:tiai'5 ; T)d cuair if uaifle 1 Cenel peafia^ai§, .1.
'Ceallac TTlaoile^einifii'D, ocuf 'Ceallac maoileparafiaicc.
CU1T) OmsiCCll ann^o.

O'Ceafi^aill, 0'*OtnB'oafia,a5tir O'Laifi^nen, lamfiioga Oifi^iall,
a^tif tries mcrchsarhnaiefiom ; O'plai^n aifiT)fii tHa-o; O'plomn,
0'T)oninalldin, ciseapna'Da O^Cui^fie: O'h6ific afi UiB
finn; 0'CfiiT>am, ci^eafina an tnachaifie; O'hCCe-Daof
Peafiait5 peafinmaige ; a^Uf O'Caoniain sigeafina tTlaiJe teanina ;
a^uf O'machai'oein ngeafina tnug'DOfin ; O'hl^ 0511^ OhCCnluam,
•od cileapna Oifireafi ; O'Corsfiaig ngeafina feafi Koif ; O'hln-
•ofiechuai^, cigeafina Ua tTlei^h tTlacha; O'baoigeallain, ngeafi-
na "Oafi^fiaise ; tTltiint;ifi 'Caichb^, a^iif triuinnfi triaoileT>tnn
caoifish Lae^haifie, a^tif trios 'Cigeafin am at1 Clomn

O'DUBH AGAIN; 17

THE PORTION which relates to the province oi Ulster down
here, and first of Oilech of the kings.

O'Neill, chief king of Oilech, and Mag Lachlainn, its other chief
king ; O'Cathain and O'Conchobhair, two chief lords of Cianachta ;
O'Duibhdhiorma, lord of the Bredach ; O hOgain, over Tulach
Og, and O'Gairmleadhaigh, over Ciiiel Moain ; O'Fearghail, and
O'Domlmallain, and O'Donnagain, and Mag Murchadha, and Mac-
Duinnchuain, andMacRuaidhri, over Teallach n-Ainbhith, and over
Muinter-Birn ; chief of Corca Each is O'Ceallaigh; O'Tighernaigh
andO'Cearain, over Fearnmaigh ; O'Maoilbreasail, and O'Baoighill,
O'Cuinn, and O'Cionaetha, over Magh-Itha ; O'Domhnaill,
over Cinel Binnigh of the Valley, and over Cinel Binnigh of
Tuath-Rois, and over Cenel Binnigh of Loch Drochaid ; O'Dubh-
duanaigh, and 0 hAghmaill arid O hEitigein, over the three Teal-
lachs, viz.: — Teallach Cathalain, and Teallach Duibrailbhe, and
Teallach mBraenain ; and O'Maoilfothartaigh, and O hEodhosa,
and O hOgain, over Cinel Tighearnaigh ; O'Cuanach and O'Baeth-
ghalaigh, over Clann-Fearghusa ; O'Bruadair, and O'Maelfabhaill,
and 0 hOgain, over Carrac Brachaighe ; O'Murchadha and O'Meal-
lain, over Siol-Aedha of Eanach ; and Mag Fiachrach, over Cenel
Feradhaigh.

Siol-Airnin, and Siol-Maoilfabhaill, and Clann-Cathmhaoil on
the north side ; the two tribes, the most noble of Cinel-Fer-
adhaigh, are Teallach-Maoilgeimhridh, and Teallach Maoilpatraic.

THE PART of OlRGHIALLA HERE.

O'Cearbhaill, O'Duibhdara, and O'Lairgnen, full kings of Oir-
ghialla, and the MacMathghamhnas after them ; O'Flaithri, chief
king of Uladh ; O'Floinn and O'Domhnallain, lords of Ui-Tuirtre ;
O hEirc, over Ui-Fiachrach Finn ; O'Cridairi, lord of the Mach-
aire ; O hAedha, over Feara Fearnmhagh ; and O'Caomhain, lord
of Magh-Leamhna ; and O'Machaidhen, lord of Mughdhorn ; O hlr
and O hAnluain, two lords of the Oirtheara ; O'Cosgraigh, lord of
Feara-Rois ; O hlnnrechtaigh, lord of Ui-Meith ; O'Baoigheallain,
lord of Dartraighe ; Muintir Taithligh, and Muintir Maoileduin,
chiefs of Laeghaire; and Mag Tighearnain, over Clann-Feargh-

c

18

0'plcmn 050011 raoifeach Duai^e Rcrca; TTlac gillepnnen
peach TTltnnuifte peoT>acham ; TTlac 51°Lla™icil, saoipeach 0
Con^ait ; TTlumuin. TTlaolfiuana 0511^ tli 6151115 7>a
f?ean. TTlonach; TTlas Cionaoc mgeafina an 'Gn.iocait; CGT>;
O'Cofibrnaic an. th15 TTlac Can£amn; 0511 p 0'5aifibir;h a|
bfieafailTTlaca; O'Lon^am a^Uf 0'T)tJipeaimna,a5Uf O'ConcoBaip-
afi UdB bfieafait 1a|t^ai|i ; a^tif Ui toficam 0511^ tli 0151115 a|i
CtoniT) Ceafinai5 ; 0'T)oTtinaill 0511^ O'RuaT>a5ain T>a T:aoif each
0 nGachach ; hth T)tn^ifte a\i Ctannai^ DairYim ; 0511^ htli
Clomn T)ui^fionnai5; 0'Lac<:nain a|i TTlo57>a-
jitdb Seaam ; TTla5Ui'Difia|ipeatiai15
TTlanach ; O'Colccan 0511^ O'Conaill, a|i tli^i TnaccafidiaitiT).

ncc cuccoibe nticciT)e

th

, O5U^ Ui TT16|ina, a5Uf tli

^ oi|i|ii5a OnBacach ; TTle5 CCen^uya aft Ctomn OCe'oa,
TTlac CCfiT:din afi Cenel pajafiraij ; TTle5 "DuiBearnria a|i Cenel
nCCiftial5a'Da, htli TTlofina, O5Uf TT165 T)uilecham afi Clomn
O'Cotsafiam afi T)dil cCtnyib.

chewel ccowmLl CCMMSO.

0'TTlaot'DO|iai'Dh O5Uf O'Canannam, 0511^ Clann "Oataig aifi-
T)fiio5a Cheneoil cConaill ; O'baoi5itl a|i Clomn Chimypao-
laif>, O5Uf ayi'dfi CCmnii|iech, 0511^ afi'Cifi mbo^ume; O'TTlaoil-
ma^na an. TTltus Seip-i-D; 0511^ O'hCCe'oa an. Oaf RuaiT)h ;
O'T^aificeifii: afi ClomT) "Neach^am ; TTla5 ^Ou^am aft Chenel
Wenna ; TTla5 Lomsfeacham a|i ^leann mbinne; 0511^ 0'bn.eif-
lem ayi pdnaiuc; 0511^ 0'T)ochaficai5 ay. CCyiT) Tnio-Daiyi, a5Uf
TTlac '51^eraTiiair ^ ^°f 5U1^ > O'CeafWiachain, 0511^ 0'T)ala-
cham afi an 'Cuaiuh mblaT)hai5 ; 0'TTlaela5ain an. 'Ciji TTlac
Cafi-camn ; 0'T)onna5ain a|i Di^ mb^eafail, 0511 f TTle5 Scoblm
beof ; O'TTl aol5aoi^e ap. TT1 uincifi TT1 ael5aoi^ce ; TT1 05 *Gt£ecCfmdtfj
a|i CloinT) peap-5aile. Cona'D T>O Coicce'5 Ula'D fio can an £ean.
ceacna .1.

O'DUBH AGAIN. 19

aile ; O'Flannagain, chief of Tuath-ratha ; MacGillefinnen,
chief of Muintir Feodachain ; MacGillamichil, chief of Ui-
Conghail ; Muintir Maoilruana, and the O hEgnighs, two lords of
Feara-Monach ; MacCionaoth, lord of the Triocha Ched ; and
O'Corbmaic, over Ui-MacCarthainn ; and O'Gairbhith, over Ui-
Breasail-Macha ; O'Longain, and O'Duibheamhna, and O'Conchobh-
air, over Ui Breasail, the Western ; and the O'Lorcains and O'Heg-
nighs, over Clann-Cearnaigh ; O'Domhnaill and O'Ruadhagain,
two chiefs of Ui-Eathach ; O'Duibhthire, over the Clanna-
Daimhin ; and Ui Maoilcraoibhe, over Clann-Duibhsionnaigh ;
O'Lachtnain, over Little Modhairn ; and O hAinbhith, over Ui-
Seaain ; Mag Uidhir, over Feara-Manach ; O'Colgain and O'Conaill,
over Ui MacCarthainn.

THE PART OF THE CEAOBH RuADH HERE.

O'Duinnsleibhe and O hEochadha, chief kings of Uladh ; Ui-
Aidith, and Ui Eochadhain, and the Ui Labhradha, and Ui Leth-
lobhra, Ui Loingsigh, and Ui Morna, and Ui Mathghamhna,
O'Gairbhith, and O hAinbhith, sub-kings of Ui Eachach ; MacAen-
ghusa, over Clann-Aedha ; MacArtain, over Cenel Foghartaigh ;
MacDuibheamhna, over Cenel Amhalghadha ; the Ui Morna and
MegDuilechain, over Claim Breasail ; O'Coltarain, over Dal-Cuirb.

THE PART OF ClNEL CONAILL HERE.

O'Maoldoraidh, and O'Canannain, and the Clann Dalaigh, chief
kings of Cenel Conaill ; O'Baoighill, over Clann-Cennfaelaidh, and
over Tir-Ainmire, and over Tir Boghaine ; O'Maoilmaghna, over
Magh Seiridh, and O hAedha, over Eas Ruaidh ; O'Taircheirt, over
Clann Neachtain ; Mag Dubhain, over Cinel Nenna ; Mag Loing-
seachain, over Gleann Binne, and O'Breslen, over Fanaid ; and
O'Dochartaigh, over Ard-Miodhair ; and MacGillesamhais, over
Ros-Guill; O'Cearnachain and O'Dalachain, over Tuath Bladhaigh;
O'Maelagain, over Tir MacCarthainn ; O'Donnagain, over Tir Brea-
sail, and Mag Gaiblin also ; O'Maolgaoithe, over Muintir-Mael-
gaoithe ; Mag Tighernain, over Clann Fearghaile.

It was of the province of Ulster the same man sung [as follows],
i.e., O'Dubhagain.

c2

20

T/fiialtom 1 n-iarhaib" Utcro,
0 OiailUnn na tr;fiicrc;hchtin.a'&,
O bfieapiiaig, 6 TTli'Dhe amach
0 fine rjieaBfiaiT) 'Gearhfiach.

Wi ba ban aft co hQi teach,
Co fiol Oogham an.msfioi'oeach,
5eatlmei'D6 puaifi fi ^an peall,
ucciple na

CCn fia'D fa ni
^a fiola'5 0
Laom na fptaifoheac if na
^ac aen 50

tlui Meill fiiogDa an |iarha
CC^Uf me^ taomf^aiyi iachlinnT),
"Dual T)on maicne ^anniine,
"Oa aicme na haijvon.i|;e.

T)eic rfiicha, na T>at T>ocfia,
T)eic mic Oo^am ajirncoficfia,
CCoiBmn rn.a a bpaca pu£ait5,
CCua aca T)'

T)o chenel Oo^am an ai^
Caoirh-fii Cianacca O'Carhain,
CCftuag m sac aifvo co fieif> |n^> ;
*Oo fiol 'Cai'&s, mic Cem Chaif il.
fine an lofvcotiai-b co li,
0 ConcoBaip, a ceT) fii.

0 T)ui^T>ion.ma
plaiu na b|ieT)cha

O'DUBHAGAIN. 2 1

Let us pass into the lands of Uladh,61
From Tailltin62 of lordly champions,
From Breaghmhagh,63«from Meath out,
From the spreading tribe of Teamhair.

We shall not halt till we reach to Oileach,64

To the race of Eoghan65 of valiant arms,

Who have obtained the palm for greatness without fraud,

The acme of the nobility of Erin.

This saying is no hidden saying
Circulated by the historians,
Exuberance of princely houses and banquets,
Every one flocks to Eoghan.

Kingly O'Neill66 of great prosperity,
And the very proud MacLachlains,
A race of no hereditary tameness,
Two tribes of the sovereignty.67

Ten cantreds, no difficult partition,
The ten sons68 of red-armed Eoghan got,
Delightful too what they saw under them,
And which they have as true patrimony.

Of the race of Eoghan of valour,

The fair king of Cianachta69 is O'Cathain,

His host in each quarter are mild towards you;

Of the race of Tadhg, son of Cian of Caisel,

Tribe of abundant fruit, with brilliance,

O'Conchobhair70 was its first king.

O'Duibhdhiorma71 of high pride,
Chief of ever noble Bredach.72

22

171 ai£ -DO puaifi fi fboci: a fean,
OCn ftiocc af uaifle 05 Began.

"Don bn.6"oai5 aicme an aijvofii£.

ac rean-o of

, -plai^ na ppionn
ROT> aip, -c\
0 hO^am oite

lonroa a laochjiai'D pa
0 ^niorhafirac ^
pop.r peifien laonrDa cen ten
CCfi chenel mao|i'ba TTloen.

Tlui pea|i|ail af -pei-om patlain,
U 1 — DealBcoficfia — ^Dom n allai n
CCf r|iompaT)a'Dh a|i

TTlec T)uinnchuan, TTlec
CC|i 'Ceallach
"Mi cltnnz:efi co

Ceml aiyn) Gachach
1T)uint;ifi Ceallaig c
Ui dafiam co holt

T)o cofain na coi^cfiiocha,
CCoi^ le cleafi m ^ac cilt,
Ui TTiaoilbfieayail, Hi

O'nUBH AGAIN. 23

Well has it found the strength of its ancients,
The noblest sept of [the race of] Eoghan,
A tribe which has prospered without peace,
Of Bredach is the sept of the chieftaincy.

A stout chief over Tulach Og,73

O hOgain,74 chief of white roads,

The plough has passed through every wood for it,

Another O hOgain75 is near it.

Many the heroes with spears

Of the active O'Gairmleadhaighs,76

A fort of flaming girdles without misfortune,

Over the majestic race of Moen.77

The O'Ferghails of healthy exertion,
The O'Domhnallains78 of red faces,
Heavy kindling on hill slopes by you
The O'Donnagains,79 MacMurchadas.80

The MacDuinnchuains,81 MacRuaidhris82 gentle,
Over Teallach Ainbhith83 the formidable,
They are not heard to be dry at their house,
Are over the victorious Muintir-Birn ;84

Chieftains of high Cinel-Eachach85
Are the just judging Muintir Cheallaigh.
The O'Ciarains86 great over the Fearamaigh,
And the heavy Siol-Tighearnaigh.

The men of noble Magh lotha87

Who defended the confines,

Delightful their habits in every church,

[Are] the O'Maoilbreasails and the O'Baoighills.

24

CCn-croBa of lum^ ^ac laoic,
Ui Cumn calrna if th Cionai£,

Genet mbi rvoi£ ^loin glume,
"plaire 05 (TOficcT) pfimT)e.
Cenel mbinT)i
timrhe na

Cenel mbinT>i§ nac btian
Loch a T>ian^on'oai5
'Ctuft T>o conifiomn gccc
0'T)orhnaill

1 naom ryieitl Ui "Otn^-ouana
5« pie nac pop, chuala.

gem aT>moille a neibeji,
CCgmaille, tli

Teallac Camldm clian.oi£,

£a ceanT>ach af T>ealbT>a an T)dn

1f 'Ceallac mbyiea^'oa nibyiaondm.

"Ceallac T)tnbfioilBe

li pa bloiT> -pa baile,
pom na t;fti

CCfi Cenel 'Gileafinai^ reann,
O YT1 aolposh ayi^ai § ai |im earn ,
£ a n-eolupa ip a nd^.
if Ui O^dm.

Clan n a

a pplaca

O'DUBH AGAIN. 25

Their dwellings over the house of each hero,
The brave O'Cuinns88 and O'Cionaiths,89

The fine Cinel Binnigh90 of the Glen,
Chieftains who worship the truth.
The Cinel Binnigh of Tuath Hois,
Ye may escape from it in its absence.

The Cinel Binnigh of no lasting servitude,
Of the rapid- waved Loch Drochaid.
Towers who have shivered every spear,
O'Domhnaill is here goodly chieftain ;

In one tribe the O'Duibhduannas,91
What poet has not truly heard it?
Speech without slowness, what I say,
The 0 hAghmaills,92 the 0 hEitigeins93

Are over the three tribes in the eastern heath,
Teallach Cathalain of troops.
For their purchase how polished the poem,
And the majestic Teallach Braonain,

Teallach Dubhroilbhe the righteous,
They well cling to their patrimony.
Bright men of fame at their home,
These are the three tribes.

Over Cinel Tighearnaigh the stout,
O'Maolfothartaigh94 I reckon.
Good their knowledge and their luck,
The O hEodhusas95 and the 0 hOgains.96

The Clanns of Fergus view ye,
Know their vigorous chieftains ;

26

bucroac rail m

Clann Chuanach, Clann

CCft Chajifiaic mbn.achai'oe mbuam,
CCft Clomn pean^upa afimfiuai'o.
"Oo cucrocqi ^ac t;aoil5 50 ctiinn,
Hi bftucrocnfi Ui TTlaoilpat>uill.
Hi COHTDI, Ui O^dm lie,

T)O Biol CC6T>a
CC Bplai^e if a t5pneaT>ai?),

afi T>ptimmna in
TTlu|icha'Da if Ui TTlelldin.

Cenel

Uctfccl ^ncrc a

11 1 pachfia afi an ler T;eaf

cliachT>a ni chaoinim

CCi|inin afi an

Clann $an at:hmaoin o
1 Clann

"Da cuairh roin. of ^ach pea^am
m Cenel aip,T> peafiaTDhaig
Deallach TTlaoilseirTifii'D ^an
'8 'Ceallac

85111 peam T>on maicne rhea-ohaig

CCnam T)' aicme

Line gach eolaig ia|i|ium

0 fiol eogham difiT) qiiallum.

O'DUBH AGAIN. 27

Victorious over [foes] in every hill,

Are the Clann-Cuanach, the Clann-Baothghalaigh.

Over the lasting Carraic Brachaidhe,97
Over the red-armed Clann Fergusa.
On each side they extended to the wave,98
The O'Bruadairs, the O'Maoilfabhaills,
The O'Coinnes, the O hOgains here,
Elevation of human people.

Speak of the Siol Aedha of Eanach,"

Their chieftains and their tribes,

To them the meeting was not thin,

The O'Murchadhas,100 and the O'Mellains.101

In the festive Cinel Fearadhaigh,102
Constantly noble [are] their genealogies,
The O'Fiachras on the stout south side,
Their heroic fight I lament not.

The Siol-Airnin on the north side.
And the red-armed Siol-Maoilfabhaill,
A clann without disgrace from their arms,
And the warlike Clann Cathmhaoil.

The two eastern septs are over every tribe,
In the high Cinel Fearadhaigh,
Teallach Maoilgeimhridh without theft,
And the white-fingered Teallach Maoilpatraig.

Let us quit the mead-drinking tribe,

Let us stop from treating of the sept of Feradhach,

Let us ask the line of each learned man,

From the high race of Eoghan pass we. Let us pass.

28

omsiccLLcc ecu N so.

u aif iT> «aiB co lucre alle,

-D oifieachi; not huaifle,
CC ciof saBaiT) le a 1151 alien 15
Nd hanaii) 50

O'CeccfiBcnll, 0'T)uib'oan.a,
CCifiT>fiio|:;a $a
PIJI T)O coniifiicc|ia'D
CCfi Oi|i§iallail5 ^an

CCi|iT)|iio^ha na n-ionaT> fin,

TDcrc^aTtina if THa^ UiT)hifi ;
u uaitrp amochr: a
af uaifle T)'

T)ual T>o n

O'tai yipi en tcnnfii Ov]i§iall,

Kli b|iaii:ni ^an

0 r'Cin^qae na r^yiom ctfi,
O'plomn, T)ioB 0'T)oThnallan
O'h6i|ic aft thB pacyiach pmn,

cliar:ti'5ac na conilamn.

Hi an riiachaifie mm
O'CynoT^ctin of cmeaT>hai15
0'hCCoT>a of f ea'&ain 01 le,
of

O'Caornam, ceann an chacha,
Ui^ an. TTltnl Leanina an
tlafal cacoilen na ccofn
0'TTIochoiT)ein,

O'DUBH AGAIN. 29

OIRGHIALLA103 HERE.
Pass forward quickly away,
Leave the assembly of the nobility,
Their tribute take ye with their hostages,104
Halt not till [ye come] to the Oirghialla.

O'CearbhaiU,105 O'Duibhdara,106

Chief kings without fratricide,

Men who have attended on each poet,

Are over the Oirghialla without reproach.

Chief kings in place of these,
Are the MacMathghamnas107 and Maguidhir ;108
Well with you their clemency, their rule,
They are the noblest races of the Oirghialla.

Hereditary in him to succeed to lordship,
O'Lairgnen109 is full king of Oirghialla,
He is no imbecile without fine vigour,

O'Flaithri110 is chief king of Uladh.

•

The kings of Ui-Tuirtre111 of heavy slaughters,
O'Flainn,112 of them is O'Domhnallain,113
O hEirc over Ui-Fiachrach Finn,114
Without concealing battles and conflicts.

Bang over the smooth meady plain,
Is O'Criodain115 over tribes,
O hAedha116 over another tribe,
Noble over Feara Fearnmaighe.117

O'Caomhain,118 head of the battle,
King of Magh Leamhna119 of hero-fort,
Noble the battle-island of goblets,
O'Mochoidhein,120 king of Mughdhorna.121

30

"Od nig an. Oip£eafiaiB cpe uaill,
OhCCnluam,
, pi ppeap Hoip pei-5,
pe a coif gccc

|a O'TTlech TTlacha ^cm mecrc
n-ai|iT)C|ieach,
jioin^ T>O 7>Uii£
TTlac T)otnnailt a|i Clomn Cheallcng.

na n^eal larh
bet "oeii^, baoi^heatlan
nafi

Lao^aifie Loch a l/ifi

TTltiiriri|i TTIaoil/otiin tuft^ nac
Domuin a cctut^ 1

fHac 'Ojeccfinain, t;|iicrc bloi'oe,
CC|i Ctomn pecrccc pefigoile,
'Cuccc jicrca, jieiT) gem qaoT>dn
^o leiji 05 O'

peo-oachain an
af uaifle ia|iTntii|iT;,
binne on clafimmg, ni eel,
TTlac Qlle cc^hmaip, pinT>en.

a reoUro f d

cfio-oa O'Congoile,
ao^T>a a n^leic map,
TTlac 51 tie m6ep,T>a TTlial.

O'DUBHAGAIN. 31

Two kings over Oirtheara,122 through pride,
O hlr,123 and O hAnluain,124
O'Cosgraigh,125 king of smooth Feara-Rois,126
Every triumph opens at their march.

The kings of Ui-Meith Macha127 without decay,
O hlnnreachtaigh128 of high plunders,
A rod who has divided the party,
MacDomhnaill129 over Claim CeaUaigh.130

A blue-eyed white-handed host,

Are the red-mouthed Muinter Baoigheallain,131

Griffins of no ill-shaped horses,

Are the bold kings of Dartraighe.

132

Over the Ui-Laeghaire of Loch-Lir,133

The Muinter Taithligh are chieftains ;

The Muinter-Maoilduin134 of Lurg, who are not weak,

Deep their swords in battle.

Mac Tighernain, a lord of fame,
Is over the celebrated Claim Fearghaile,135
Tuathratha,136 peaceable without strife,
Is entirely under O'Flannagain.

Muinter Pheodachain137 of the bank,
Chieftains of noblest riches.
Melodious men of the level plain, I conceal not,
The prosperous Mac Giolla Finnen.

It is right to guide and to protect them,
The brave chieftains of Ui Conghaile,'38
A beauteous tribe, in fight like griffins,
The majestic Mac Gillemichils.

32 0"Otil><xgc[iTi.

H1uinn£in. TTlaoil fiarhrnaifi Huanai'o
Hi 6151115 an an/o uat5aifi
"Hi haom ceijvo T>O am ^a cccrc,
*0d fug poji tnaic teifi5 TTlonach.

Ri afi ^Cfiiucha ceT)

TDac Cionai£ one

bile ce cfiiT>eccch cbaftach

TTli'Deach e, 51-0 Chfigi attach.

O'Cofibmaic cjiOT>a yie ctouro,
CCfi Uib TTlac catma
tli bfieafait mofia TTlacha,
Hi c111^1^ a n-

Ui Lon^am, tli "Dtnberrma,
Hi ConchoBaiji caoirri T)eatbT>a
T)'ib bfteapait 1a|i^aifi tute,
Le

CC|i

"Ui Loficchn, cfio'oa a connai|i5,
"Na cfiouro T)O rei^b^ ^d 7:015,
th 0151115 a|i Ctomn Cea|inoi5h.

*Ooninaitt, pfi na

Ctann ficrcma

iT) uaiBfi cfiiT>e 51111 ccau,

pne uaifte O'nOachach.

CCicme T)uib^i|ie of an
CCfi ctannaiB DetB-oa "Oaninn,
Ui TTIaoitcfiaoil3e a T>ea|ia
CCfi Ctoirm T)uiB

O'DUBHAGAIN. 33

The prosperous Muintir Maoilruana,139
The Ui hEignigh140 of lofty pride ;
It is not one trade I see with their battalion,
Two kings over the good slopes of Monach.141

King over the cantred of Cladach,142

Mac Cionaith ye have heard,

A scion, though hearty, martial ;

He is a Meathian, though an Oirghiallian.

O'Corbmaic,143 the brave, with his sept,
Over the valiant Ui MacCarthainn,
Of the great Ui-Breasail of Macha,144
The O'Gairbhiths are the fierce chiefs.

The O'Longains,145 O'Duibheamhnas,146
The O'Conchobhairs147 of fair faces,
Are all of the western Ui-Breasail,
By whom every great man is served.

Over the high eastern Ui-Breasail

Are the Ui Lorcain,148 brave their strife;

The scions who serve at their house,

The O hEignighs,149 over Clann-Cearnaigh.

The O'Domhnaills, men of long hedges,
And the prosperous Clann-Ruadhagain ;
Men of noblest heart at the battle,
The two noble tribes of Ui-Eathach.150

The tribe of Duibhthire, over the land,
Over the fair-shaped clanns of Daimhin,151
The Ui-Maoilcraoibhe152 I shall mention to you,
Over the hawk-like Clann-Duibhsinnaigh.

D

34

0 Lactitmcnn afi rno-ohcnfin
CC £fieifi nocha T>r;aifinicc,
0 hCdnBirh tiac T>ocfiai'5 T>dit,
i tnt> ochiaiT> Seacnn

f ceani) T)a ccar,
C€fi 1pea|iaiB m6fi'5a TDonach,

CCfi Ui^ TTIac Cayi^ainn c|iOT>a,
plaice fiio%T>a fioiii6|ia,
Pa fiio5T>a po^lan apptnnn,
0 Col^an 1^ O'ContulL

CC n-7>icealt noca
Sioft a ntlboit!) irnri^e
CeT)h binn fgafiaT) po
Wi bnn cmcro T)'

CHIT) ncc cnocoibhe

n CfiaoiB fiuaiT> ceann,
io5a UlaT) m jam earn,
Ptnnn na peile co ppa^a,
Hi T)uinTifleiBe, Hi 6ochaf>a.

T)a n-uaifbb pp. na
Ui CCiT)irh, Ui Bocha^dn ;
na pagla'ba a bpogla,
, "Ui

, na laech
i TTlo|ina
raT)alt rafi a
CCnarn T>O na

O'DUBHAGAIN. 35

O'Lachtnain over Little Modharn,153
His superiors are not found ;
O hAinbhith, of no stubborn meeting,
Is lord over noble Ui-Seaain.154

Mag Uidhir155 is head of their battalion,
Over the majestic Feara Monach,
Good his gifts at his house,
The chief most illustrious for hospitality.

Over the brave Ui MacCarthainn,156
Royal, very great chieftains,157
Royal and very fine their lands,
O'Colgan and O'Conaill.

To conceal them we ought not ;
Farther into Uladh let us pass ;
Though sweet to separate under honours,
We shall dwell no longer on the Oirghialla.

THE PART OF THE CEAEBH RTJADH.
Let us lift our heads at Craebh Ruadh,158
Let us enumerate the chief kings of Uladh,169
The lands of hospitality, with spears,
The O'Duinnsleibhes,160 the 0 hEochadhas.101

Of their nobles are men of long slaughters,
The O hAidiths,162 O hEochagains ;163
Great acquisitions are their plunders,
The O'Labhradhas,164 the O'Leathlobhras,165

The O'Loingsighs,166 of stout champions,
And the O'Mornas,167 smooth and ruddy.
We have made a visitation of their territories ;
Let us discontinue from enumerating the high kings.

D2

36

"Dual 7>a pplaifrb na pcq=;la,
"Da rnai£it5 Ui

Uippio|a 0 N-eachach CoBa,
fa neaprrhap a n-allona,
pa blapoa 1 comne m ^ac cpich,
1 Comne arya, tli T1^1^-

hua CCmbirh pa hdi|iT)|ii ami,
"Miyi -pdpbcco if ni pagpam,
Mi locaT> a ficrc na a juan
a ccrch

a|i Clomn tiapail CCeT>a

CCen^upa
T)o ra^f or: an
Ho sabpar; Ula'D uile.

TTIacc CCfiTam ap T>a
Cenel popopaiT>

na ceile ap cleip
an eim^ iaiT>pem

^Oinftearhna ^an
CCp Cenel n-apT)
Ui TTIopna bunai) buaiT>e,
popmna UlaT) apnichpuaiT>e.

"Otnlechain nan-uile,
CCp Clomn bpeapail bappbuiT>e.
0 Colrapdm buifiT) baile
CCp T)al cCuipb na coThnai-oe.

"Oo noinpoise'D ruai'o ^all £01 p
biina-o na huaiple 1

O'DUBH AGAIN. 37

Hereditary to their chieftains are acquisitions ;
Of their chieftains are the O'Mathghamhnas ;168

The sub-chiefs of Ui-Eachach Cobha,169
Who were powerful anciently,
How tasteful at the meeting in each territory,
Are O'Coinne,170 the active, O'Gairbhith.171

O hAinbhith172 was chief king there ;
He was not neglected, we shall not omit him ;
Neither his prosperity nor his career has been checked,
Proud his battalion when marching.

Chief over noble Clann-Aedha
Is Mag Aenghusa,173 lofty, splendid,
They have chosen the warm hill,
They have taken all Uladh.

MacArtain has by charter
The steady-stout Cinel-Faghartaigh,174
Who never refuse gifts to the poets ;
They are the treasury of hospitality.

The Mag Dubheamhnas175 without plunder,
Are over the high Cinel-Amhalghadha,
The O'Mornas,176 stock of victory,
Are the props of hard-armed Uladh.

The Mag Duilechains,177 of the angles,
Over the red-haired Clann Breasail.
O'Coltarain,178 of the border town,
Is dwelling over the Dal Cuirb.

There has been collected within in the north-east,
The stock of the nobility in Uladh,

38

le
Ceafvoca eini£ na h6n.enn.

buai'b laochDa Leire Cuinn,
Pei^e cof^aifi if coTnltnnn,
lonroa bfiusaiT) na mbean7)cnt5,
6fieanT>ai^.

T)oilTD imueacr 6 Oath am,

O'n CfiaoiBfiuci

CCcs 56 ma^ ba an.

Ni bia dp menma ace 05 maill£fiiall.

^C|nallom o boifiche

1f o Chuail^ne chfich

0 TTltn^h Haeh fjiaochT)a fala,

'8 6 ca£ laoch 0

0 T)6n T>a learh^laf na leanT)
CCf 1 fiishfieleas 6in>eann,
5«n pa^hail an. m'aijie ann,
Oaile ap, -paUco cyie Colam.

an uaig cecrcna TJO ctiin,e'D,

buaiT) a\i mbanchuifie
TTlan. pd^maic aca ^ach buai-o,
macha fa mon. uai^.

Gfieann 05

fluai| chaifi£e an caoni
le Bfiuaifi fi po^ail,
Uaifle Gfienn Gogh on ai 5.

Ceann Gfieann CCfiT) mon. TTlacha
Nocha n-uaifle na [an.T>] ptaeha,

O'DUBH AGAIN. 39

Goodly heroes, by whom parties are wounded,
The forge of the hospitality of Erin.

The palm of the valour of Leath Chuinn,179
The acme of victory and conflict,
Many a brughaidh180 on their hills ;
The Ulidians and the Eirennaighs.

Difficult to go away from Eamhain,181

From Craebhruadh of large weapons ;

But though we have [to survey] numerous possessions to

the west,
Our minds shall but pass slowly.

Let us pass from peaky Boirche,182

And from Cuailgne183 land of cloaks,

From Magh Kath184 of fierce contention,

And from the hero-battalion of O'Labhradha.185

From Dun da leathghlas186 of cloaks,
Which is the royal cemetery of Erin,
Without forgetting that I was there,
Where the clay covered Columb.187

In the same grave was buried,
Brighid, boast of our female bands ;
As we leave them every victory,
Patrick of Macha is in the great grave.

The victory of Erin is with the Ultai,
With the host of the fair Cumber;188
Fetters by which she obtained plunder,
Nobility of Erin are the Eoghanachs.189

Head of Erin is great Ard Macha,190
Not nobler is their high chieftains ;

40

T>orfiain if cm-iul ann,

on qfimn. rn.iallarn. 'Gfiialloni.

CHIT* rme CON call.

CCfi ccfiiall af cufiuf nxrcha,
"pa^Bam rneayi floi^h mofi TTIacha,
Nd feanam T)ei^ fen Wn
"Oenom 1 Cenel Con u ill.

af ruftuf
CCirhfiei'5 ponn an pim pn
'"N dfi ccomne co hGaf nCCoT>ha,
na

Hi

"Mi £iocpa

5«n moille cc^Uf ^an mall T>dl

'W dfi ccomne if Hi ChananT)dn.

, ba ceanT) a
Clan n a T)dlai^ na n-T)oinn-f5iaT:h.
Leo rfie coiniftechr: nifi
6 na

Clann Chm'opaolai'D na n-
1f T^ifi alamn CCmmi|ieach,
*Oo cim co col^oa an
rn-bon.bT>a

CC^ fo CUIT) na flo|

"Gin. 0'

CCn flo

CUIT) m6|i aca T>on peafiann.

O'DUBHAGAIN. 41-

The men of the world have their knowledge there :191
Without injury from the three pass we. Let us pass.

THE PART OF TIR CHONAILL.

Our journey is a tour of prosperity,
Let us leave the vigorous host of great Macha,
Let us not refuse good luck to the people,
Let us proceed to Cinel-Conaill.192

Let them come, a journey of prosperity ;
Rugged193 is the land of this tribe;
To meet us at the Cataract of Aedh,194
The prosperity of the splendid-faced people.

The O'Maoildoraidhs,195 if they were living,
Would come (but they will not come),
Without slowness, or slow delay,
To meet us, as would the O'Canannains.

But others will come, stout their chief,
The Clanna-Dalaigh196 of brown shields ;
With them, through contest, has not withered,
Heirship to the Sovereignty.

The Clann-Chinnfhaelaidh197 of white steeds,

And the beauteous Tir-Ainmirech,198

I see the host with swords,

And the fierce men of Tir-Baghaine.199

This is the share of the haughty hosts,
The land of O'Baoighill200 of ruddy mouth,
The fair host over at their house,
They have a large share of the lands.

42

0 TTlaoilma£na an. TTluig
CCn. 'BarnaiB nifi 7>1 an -ceiled,
0 hCCeT>a an. Oaf ficccmaji HuaiT>,
CCttani 1 sfieaf $ac

Le htla ^'Caificeijir; pa qwm cui|i,
Clanna marYi^eala Neacrtnn,
TTlac T)u^am fgeta jion
Chenel Bn-oa t

Stearin mbmne, faoyi an

(£5 TYlag li

Pa 7>ian

0 bfieiflem pal a

^Itia^ cachayinac nac ceal^ac,
CCfi OCffD TTlio'Dair^
T)O pe5or> co
T>enarh

TTlac 5ille

ai|inieani.

O pu|iaDfidn aji

"Da raoifeac 01 te ap T>ea|ib
CCfi an r'Cuair mbta'oaig
"Oiob O Ceafinacham 50

T)iob flua§ fuoslroana yiccchdl,
T)alachdn.

CCn-anmanna if a

O'DUBHAGAIN. 43

O'Maoilmaghna over Magh Seiridh,201

Of poet hosts it has not been long concealed.

0 hAedha over prosperous Eas Ruaidh ;203
Active in the battle each heavy host.

With O'Tairchert203 of heavy bands,
Are the fair bright Clann-Neachtain ;204
Mac Dubhain205 who has spread stories,
Over the bright fine Cinel-Enda.206

Gleann Binnigh,207 noble the list of chiefs,
Is with the populous Mag Loingseachain ;
Vehemently has he bounded to each fight,
O'Breislen, the generous, in Fanaid.208

A battle-armed host which is not treacherous,
Is over Ard-Miodhair209 of irriguous slopes ;
Men who have been found valiant,
Are proving it to O'Dochartaigh.

To MacGillatsamhais210 the stout,
Belong Ros-GuiU211 and Ros-Iorguil,212 1 reckon ;
A host without boastijig or falsehood,
O'Furadhrain over Fionnros.213

Two other chieftains, it is certain to you,
Are over the victorious Tuath-Bladhach.214
Of them is O'Cearnachan215 of valour,
Some of whose prosperities I have proved.

Of them is the royal host of prosperous tribes,
The bountiful Muintir Dalachain.216

1 mention, without good verses,, to you,
Their names and their country.

44

'Cin TTlac Capramn 11 a ccpeach-ap
CCg 8iol meanmnai£ TYldotaccan.
CC ccufi dm T>uam if i an. mbfiearr,
"Do t5i uain.ndn.ab ai£n.eac.

Tip bfief ail, uifi an copaii),
T)a aicme na hufichomaifi,
YYlon. a qrtom fODd^ na
tlui

gonach

iat:h allmoyiach,
p>aoi^ na ^cfiaotfeach
0 TTlaoil^aoire a n^lan r;aoifeach.

THac "d^eafinain fa ^lan
CCfi Clomn fofai-o p
THofi ccliaji fa -oei^ fen 6
T)enam c Cenel Con u ill.

if cfiiaf Clomne "Meill
1 cConall ma cai£fieim,
8lua§ nac |ioniall |iom yuan, ann,
0 Con all 56 com T:fiiallam. 'C|iiallam.

7>on aT>ba|i a^uf T>on T>uain 50 fin.

CO

O Concu^aif. aif.T)|ii Con n ace ; 0 planna^am, O'TTlaoilmof'Da,
O'Cafiehai^, a^uf O'TTlu^f-om, ceirhyie raoifi§ Clomne Carhail ;
OTTlaoil%enainn af Clomn ConcuBaifi, 0 Caehalam a\i Clomn
ct^tif O'TTlaonaig a|i Clomn TTlufi^uile ; cc^tif TTlds
af TTIumrin. RoT)UiB ; O'pmachea aft Clomn Con-
maig, a^Uf 0 pmacea 01 le an. Clomn TTluf.cha'Da ; a^Uf O'Con-
ceannam-o an, Ui15 T)ia|imaDa, a^uf TTIa^ mufcha'Da ap Clomn

O'DUBH AGAIN. 45

Tir MacCarthainn217 of plundering slaughters,
Belongs to the high-minded Siol-Maolagan ;218
To put them in our poem it is our judgment,
There was a time when we would not repent of it.

Tir Breasail,219 land of fruit,

Has two tribes over it ;

Great the long prosperity in their land,

The O'Donnagains, the MacGaibhidhs.

Muintir Maoilgaoithe, the wounding,
By whom the land of foreigners was burned ;
Learned men under the tree of lances,
O'Maoilgaoithe220 is their fine chieftain.

MacTighearnain, the fine, the brave,

Is over the steady Claim- Fearghaile ;221

Great hosts are in good prosperity with this people ;

Let us make our way from Cinel Conaill.

The victory and hardihood of the race of Niall

Is with Conall in his career,

A host who were not slow in attending us ;

From Conall, however, pass we. Let us pass.

So far the portion relating to Ulster of the matter [argument]
and of the poem.

THE PART RELATING TO CONNAUGHT, as follows : —
O'Conchubhair, chief king of Connaught; O'Flannagain, O'Maoil-
mordha, O'Carthaigh, and O'Mughroin, the four dynasts of Clann-
Cathail; O'Maoilbhrenainn over Clann-Conchubhair; O'Cathalain
over Clann-Faghartaigh ; and O'Maonaigh over Clann-Murthuile ;
and Mag Oirechtaigh over Muintir Roduibh; O'Finachta over
Clann-Connmhaigh ; and another O'Finachta over Clann-Mur-
chadha; and O'Conceannainn over Ui-Diarmada ; and MacMur-

46

0 pallarham ap Clomn Ucroach ; TTlac T>iaprnar>a
ap TT)ai5 Ltnps, CCipt;ech 0511 p 'dp nOilella, 0511 p ap T^ip 'Cua-
£ail, a^up ap cfiich feap 'Cipe, a^Uf ap Cloinn Cucnn, a^Uf ap
"dp "Nechrcnn, a^tip ap *Cip 'Nen'oa.

ctMT) NCC bueipKia

O'Huaific ain.'Dn.i bfieipne ; TTlcc^ 'Ci^ean.nam afi 'Ceallac
nT)uncba'Da ; TTla^ §hani|iaT>ain an. T^heallac nGachac ; a^tif
trios Confnania afi ClomT) Chionaeirh ; a^Uf TTlac Ca5aT>ain an.
Cloinn peaftmai^e; a^Uf TDa^ toOo|\chai'D an- Cenel Luacham ;
a^Uf TTIa^ plannchaT>a an. T)an.7:n.ai|;e ; O'pmT) a^tif 0'Cean.Baill
an. Challfioi^he ; O'Ra^hallai^ afi TTlumnn. TTlaoilmofi-oa ;
O'CumT) ayi TTlumnn. n^iolla^am ; a^uf TTla^ TTIaoiliofa an.
TTla§ mbfieacn.ai§e ; a^Uf TDa^ ponnbain.fi ayi TDuinri|i n^eyia-
•oam ; a^Uf Tna^Rasnaillan. TTluinnii n&olaif ; a^Uf O'TTlaoil-
miaT>ai5 aft TTloi§ "Neifi ; a^uf Hi Chumn afi TTltunnn. pea^ail;
O'TTlaoilcluiche ap, T>a Cain.bfte ; O'h6aT)hn.a, a^uf O'hUa^h-
mhan.am, a^uf 0'Cean.nacham, aguf O'^croT101' ^iB^rwcroa Lui^ne ;
0'T)oBalem, ct^uf 0'T)umncat:haig, cigeaima-Da an Coyiamn ;
TDa^eoach, a^up TTla^ TTIaonai^, a^uf TTla^ RiaBai^, r^il fean
caoifi^ TTIui^e Ltn^ la'Ofin'oe ; 0'toOuBT>a, njean-na
an ruaifci^ 6'Ro'oba co Co-5nai§; O'Tnuifiea-Dai
a^uf O'T^ean-naiJ;, an. Ceapa ; 0'bin.n an. Tnumnii TnanT)achain ;
TTlac bfianam, a^Uf O'TTlaoilmichil, ap, Copco Oachlann ; 0'
hCCmli^e an. Chenel "Oofrchai ; 0'Ceir;hea|inai§, a^Uf 0'Cein.m,
ap Chiappoi^he TTlui^e ; O'TTlaoilmuai'D ap Cloinn 'Cai'Dg; cc^up
O'plomn ap Clomn TTlaoilpuam ; O'Rorlam ap Chai
TTlac 8^ai^il ap Copco ITlo^a ; a^tip O'bpaom ap Loch
gopa; O'TTlaille ap T>a tlrhall; O'Talchapam ap Conmaicne
Cuile; a^up 0'CaT>la ap Conmaicne mapa ; TTlac Conpoi ap
; a^up O'tiCCTmai-b ap^nombice ; TTlac CCo-ba ap Clomn
'plairt5eapraig apTTliiinT:ip mupcha-oa; O'heiTun,
Hlac Siollacheallaig, a^up hlli Cleipi^h, ap UiB pachpach
Pnn ; agup 0"Ouit5polla ap Chenel Chm^arhna ; a^up TTlac
Pachpa ap O^aiB bear:hpa; a^np O'Caram ap Cenel Se-ona;
a^up O'TTla^na ap Chaenpai^e ; 0'Beachnapai| ct^up
•oti a^eapna Ceneoil

O'DUBHAGAIN. 47

chadha over Clann-Tomaltaigh ; O'Fallamhain over Clann-Uadachs ;
MacDiarmada over Magh Luirg, Airtech, and Tir Oilella, and
over Tir-Thuathail, and the territory of Fir Tire, and Clann-Cuain,
and over Tir-Nechtain, and Tir-Enda.

THE PART RELATING TO BREIFNE.

O'Ruairc is chief king of Breifne; Mag Thighearnain over
Teallach Dunchadha; Mag Shamhradhain over Teallach Eathach;
and MacConsnamha over Clann-Chionaith ; and MacCagadhain
overClann-Fearmaighe ; and Mag Dorchaidhe overCinel-Luachain ;
and Mag Flannchadha over Dartraighe ; O'Finn and O'Cearbhaill
over Callraighe; O'Raghallaigh over Muintir Maoilmordha ;
O'Cuinn over Muintir Giollagain; and Mag Maoiliosa over
Magh Breacraighe ; and Mag Finbhairr over Muintir Geradhain ;
and Mag Raghnaill over Muintir Eolais ; and O'Maoilmiadh-
aigh over Magh Neise ; O'Cuinn over Muintir Fearghail ;
O'Maoilchluiche over the two Cairbres; O hEaghra and 0 hUath-
mharain and O'Cearnachain and O'Gadhra, lords of Luighne;
O'Dobhailen and O'Duinnchathaigh, lords of Corann ; Mageoch and
MagMaonaigh and Mag Riabhaigh were the three old chiefs of Magh
Luirg ; O'Dubhda, lord of Ui-Fiachrach of the north from the
Rodhba to the Codhnach ; O'Muireadhaigh, O'Gormog, and O'Tigh-
earnaigh over Ceara ; O'Birn over Muintir Mannachain ; Mac-
Branain and O'Maoilmichil over Corco-Eachlann ; O hAinlighe over
Cinel Dobhtha ; O'Ceithernaigh and O'Ceirin over Ciarraighe Maighe ;
O'Maoilmuaidh over Clann-Taidhg ; and O'Floinn over Clann-
Maoilruain ; O'Rothlain over Caille Fothaidh ; Mac-Sgaithghil over
Corco-Mogha; and O'Braoin over Loch Gealgosa; O'Maille over the
two Umhalls ; O'Talcharain over Conmaicne-Cuile ; and O'Cadhla
over Conmaicne-mara ; MacConroi over Gnomor ; and O h Adhnaidh
over Gnobeg ; MacAodha overClann-Coscraigh ; O'Flaithbheartaigh
over Muintir Murchadha ; O'hEidhin, and MacGiollacheallaigh, and
the O'Cleirighs, over Ui-Fiachrach Finn ; and O'Duibhghiolla over
Cinel Cinnghamhna ; and MacFiachra over Oga Beathra; and
O'Cathain over Cinel-Sedna ; and O'Maghna over Caenraighe ; and
O'Seachnasaigh and O'Cathail, two chiefs of Cinel Aedha.

48

CUTO ucc

0'Ceattai|; airnrcigearina Ua TTlaine; O'Conailt af
6 5riem co cenT> rnin^e ; O'Neachuam a^uf O'TTIaeitatoiT) T>d
£i5earina TTlaonTtiui^e ; O'TTlarn'om aguf Clann an baifvo,
0'Scurin.a, a^Uf O'LeaiToam, a^tif O'Caffdin,
a^uf 0'TTlai5in, p be tiaca buf ngeayina af oififii| e poft an
lucr naile |ie hea-o a |nge ; O'Camit, O'Tnugyioin a^uf O'TTlaol-
fiuana, rfii ci^eaiinaf)a CfiuniramT) ; 0'LaoT»O5 uiftfii^ an ChalaiT> ;
O'TDaT>aT)ain ayi §iol nCCnmcha-oa, a^Uf O'hU attach am beuf,
0511 f TDac 6iT>eT)ham afi Ctomn T)ia|miar:a T:uaiT> a^Uf reaf,
a^tif TTlac 51°^a Pmndgdin a^iif O'donaoiu a|i Ctomn ptair-
eaniam, a^Uf O'TDomn attain ayi Ctomn bfieafait, a^uf 0'T)onn-
char>aa|i Ctomn Coyipmaic TTIaonmiii^e, a^uf 0'T)uit)5mT) ayi T>a
baite -oes 0'nT)tnB5mT); cc^tif 0'T)ocortitam afi an
ai T)at

T3]nattom, — ni

O ^tua^h TTlacha m6]i

14 i t;o£aoif act; T)dt ^an t>ut,

"Caii "DfioBaoif co ctdfi Cfiuachan.

fechani pa Cyiuacam ctaT>ai§,
Deaf, ba ^uaiT)h,
CC ppmeaT)a fa ppeayiamn,
'S a ccmea-oa

Rom n earn, 511 ft ap fen foriaiT>,

Pa Criuacham Ctann

OdiriT) tmn te pic nT>uam

0 Chitt diffo co 'Cuamn nT)rieccom.

a na ftua^ na fenai-o,
CC Cjiuacham tnoifi min-periai|,
Miri ^uBai) uatt mi coruro,
CC m-bunaf) Ctann ConcotSaip.

O'DUBHAGAIN. 49

THE PAKT RELATING TO Ul-MAINE.

O'Ceallaigh chief lord of Ui-Mame ; O'Conaill is lord from the
Griaii to the head of the plain; O'Neachtain, and O'Maeilalaidh,
two lords of Maenmhagh ; O'Mainnin, and the Mac an Bhairds, and
O'Scurra, and O'Leannain, and O'Cassain, and O'Giallaigh, and
O'Maigin, whichever of them is lord is sub-king over the others
during his reign ; O'Cathail, O'Mughroin, and O'Maoilruana, the
three lords of Crumhthann ; O'Laedhog is sub-king of the Caladh ;
O'Madadhain over Siol-Anmchadha, and 0 hllallachain also; and
MacEidedhain over Clann-Diarmada north and south ; and Mac-
Giolla-Fhinnagain, and O'Cionaoith, over Clann-Flaitheamhain ; and
O'Domhnallain over Clann-Breasail ; and O'Donnchadha over
Clann-Cormaic of Maenmhagh ; and O'Duibhghinn over the twelve
townships of theO'Duibhginns ; andO'Docomhlain over Eidhneach ;
and O'Gabhrain over Dal Druithne ; and O'Maoilbrighde, chief of
Magh Finn.

Let us pass, — it is not a pleasant journey,
From the host of Macha,222 great, and delightful,
It is not wisdom, but delay, not to proceed
Over the Drobhaois223 to the plain of Cruachan.224

At the fenced Cruachan let us take a survey,
South, north, west, east- wards ;
Their tribes and their lands,
And their septs let us visit.

Let us divide, may it be a happy project,
At Cruachan, the Clann-Conchobhair ;225
Bards with us in every poem shall rise up,
From Cill ard226 to Tuaim Dreccoin.227

The kings of the hosts do not deny,
At the great smooth-grassed Cruachan,
Who were not lowered by want of produce,
Their stock are the Clann Conchobhair.

50

T)ual 7>' 1B paqnach reaf if
'8 T)d ccmelaiB rn.
CuaifiT: a fluaig irn CC£
*Oual T)' 1t5 Huaic an

Wn r-fiol fo, feach each,

na

T)me puacT>a ^
Highe C|iijachna

Clann "Duach 'Ceansurha, an pinlr
8iol plaiT;t5eafn:ai%, Clann Cof^|iai
0 nafi an^ar, ni pui^eB,
T)o gaBfar; an stanch in cceau

Clann tTlaoitftuana na n.oi£ne,
1f Clann ConcoBaip can 01 nine,
T)o C1OD ^an mao|i an maicne,
1aT> afiaon af aonaicme.

Ctnrhni£ Clann Cachail feac cdc,
Le h-iomat) a |iiog
CC n^niom T>uaifi
CumnaT) |no^ uaifle

moifeacha
CCp, Clomn Ca^hail
ttn clear:hca|i nachap. cdmea-o,
CCn cearftayi |ie a cconiaijieani.

paic an pmnn
0 maoilmon.T>a mayi moltnm.
He ma^am fiob aoBf>a an
O Can.rai£ maop-ba, 0

O'DUBH AGAIN. 5 1

Hereditary to the Ui-Fiachrach,228 north and south,
And to their tribes, through constant victory,
Is the visitation of their hosts at Ath Slisin.229
Hereditary to the Ui-R-uairc230 is that kingdom.

Hereditary to this race beyond all,
To the Sil-Muireadhaigh231 of flat forts,
A heroic tribe watching it,
Is the kingdom of bushy Cruachan,

The race of Duach Teangumha232 of fine hair,

The Sil-Flaithbheartaigh,233 the Clann-Cosgraigh,234

As they have not remained behind, I shall not omit them,

They seized on the fine province.

The Clann-Maoilruana,235 the choicest,
And the Clann-Conchobhair236 we sing ;
The tribe is seen without a steward,
They are both one tribe.237

Remember the Clann-Cathail238 beyond all,
-With their number of usual kings,
Their deeds of bounty are enumerated in the east,
Equal to the noble kings of the O'Roduibhs.

Four levying chieftains

Are over the valorous Clann-Cathail ;

A valiant bulwark, who were not dispraised,

Are the four to be reckoned.

O'Flannagain, chief of the land,

O'Maoilmordha,23>9 whom I praise,

To live how splendid the tribe,

The majestic O'Carthaigh,240 and O'Mughroin.241

E 2

52

OTHaoilbfienamn co rnbtiroait!),
CCji Clomn cldfirnaoirh Concoftaifi,
CC men en e of ^ac T>fioms T>O i)li5
CCn aicrne T>O Clomn Cha£hail.

O'Cachaldm 'na

CCfi Ctornn

"Mi pann a

Ctann TTltii'irtiile 05 0'TTlaonai|.

na n-each,
na in^h^yiear,
nach ioT)otra of coitl cui|i,
0'pionacT:a ap. Ctomn ConThtng.

CCfi Clomn TTIti|ichaT)a na mdl,
0 pionachra ayiT) lomldn ;

T)o yie-o aicme an T>a fiann,
enniaicne, m hionann.

tlui 'Diapma'Da af 7>io|ainn,
iarfia'Da |ii§ na fUFpifi-
an -peayiamn ^an con. ceaf,
Conceanamn na ccean'oaf.

TTle^ TTlu|ichaT)a af peiT>m
CC|i Clomn ucaoB^
^nioni T>a nT>ea§|ia^ na n-
T)o 8iol meanmnac

81 ol "Pallaniam fie ^ac pea-oam,
CC|i Clomn Ua'oach pinplea'oai^,
"Ma p|i na|i cfiion na c^anna,
dp T)iot5 pm na paoftclanna.

O'DUBHAGAIN. 53

O'Maoilbhrenainn242 with fame,
Over the irriguous plain of Claim-Conch obhair,
Their children are entitled to be above every tribe,
That sept of the Clann-Cathail.

O'Cathalain is chartered

Over the green-grassed Clann-Foghartaigh,243

Not feeble is their heavy flood for you ;

The Clann-Murthuile244 belong to O'Maenaigh.

To Mag Oireachtaigh245 of the steeds,
Belong Muintir Roduibh of royal judgments ;
A lord not withered over the flourishing wood,
O'Finachta over Clann-Conmhaigh.246

Over Clann-Murchadha247 of the chiefs,
O'Finachta, high, perfect;
Two of the royal sept are the two parties,
Though they are one tribe, they are not equal.

Of the Ui-Diarmada,248 the worthy,
Of true words, kings of royal men,
Chiefs of the land without difficult contracts,
The O'Conceanainns in their headship.

The Mag Murchadhas of brave effort,

Over the fine-sided Clann-Tomaltaigh,249

An act of their good prosperity [lives] after them,

[They are] of the spirited Siol-Muireadhaigh.

The Siol-Fallamhain250 before every tribe,
Over the Clann-Uadach of winy banquets ;
Men who have not withered are these scions ;
Of them are the noble clanns.

54

Ctann TYlaoilpuana an pair,
CCca ni cuata a ccortiriiair,
Jlan a m-btnp'o T>ar;a ^ac T>peach,
Ltnps aca 0511^ CCi preach.

ip nOitella if 'Cip
CCp riDul fiof cap fean Chpuacham,
Mi 'Di^'oine an pann pe paT)h,
Cpich peap T^pe if Clann Chiidn.

"Cip "Mechtam if T^ip n6nT)a,
Saoipfi 1OD ^an aichniela,
Pip palBo^a -DO stac 501 1,
T)o mac T)iapTna7>a

0 Siol Tntnpeaikcis

'Cpiallam 1 rip Sen

Co flu 05 bpeipne ap cpi£ip ciall,

CCv miriT) ^en cob mtncrpiall. Tpiallatn.

CCip'opi bpepne af buan
O'Ruaipc T>an T)tial ciof Connachr,
thppi£;h T)on ^naoi fin nach
1 a raoii na

TTlac ci^eapnam na t:aoi|ean,
pofugaT) na -pponn 5ae^eaU
Cean-oach na ccbap 'pa ccapa,
CX!p Teattach m>ian nT)unchaT>a.

TTlac Sanipa^am, fnai^m $ac neapr,
CCp. 'Ceallach Oac'&dch oip-beapc ;
CC ^ip nocha 5pant>a on
TTlac Conpnania ap Clomn

O'DUBH AGAIN. 55

The Clann-Maoilruana251 of prosperity,
Their match for goodness I have never heard ;
Fine their borders, beautiful each feature,
Magh Luirg252 they possess, and Airtech.253

Tir-Oilella264 and Tir-Tuathail,255

After going down beyond noble Cruachan,

Not deficient of tribes is the division to be mentioned,

The territory of Fir-Tire256 and Clann-Chuan.257

Tir-Nechtain and Tir-Enda,258

They are free without sorrow ;

Generous hearted men, who received valour ;

To MacDiarmada, they are hereditary.

From the spirited Sil-Muireadhaigh,

Let us pass into the territory of Sen-Fergal,259

To the host of Breifne of ripened sense,

It is time, though no slow passing. Let us pass.

Chief king of Breifne260 of lasting sway,

Is O'Ruairc,261 to whom the tribute of Connacht is due;262

The sub-kings of that region are not scarce,

With their chiefs around them.

MacTighearnain263 of cloaks,

Support of the fair Gaoidhil ;

The purchaser of the poets, and their friend,

Is over the vehement Teallach Dunchadha.

Mac Samhradhain,264 knot of every strength,
Over the illustrious Teallach Eachdhach ;
His land is not rendered ugly by the wind,
Mac Consnamha265 is over Clami-Chionaoith.

5G

Was Ca^ccDanv, cuaifr blaiT>e
CCf Clomn uafail J?eafniait;e,
TTlac T)ofchaiT> nac T>aof£a
CCfi Cenel taoclroa Luacham.

a

1f Calficn^e naccenel,
T)o rhilt a pallet an pan
catma if
T)aofif5Ui|i pei'om na

ptannchaT>a

na

na fiuar>a|ini

aoit5 a 6|i§a

TTlaoil niin
m arriana'opa ann
on ralani fa rfuallarn.

'Cftiatlom, ^un. ab Efiiatl leaf a,
CCfi cuai|ii: 50 Ctomn
Juf an "Ofioms arlanii 01 le,
Co Clomn fia£rtiaiji

a cqaeach,
O'Cumn a T^|nar:h fa rmoifeach,
TTIcc^ TTlaoiliofa af ^lan 5fioiT>e,
CC chiofa af TTlag mbfeacfoiT>e.

mas ponnbaiff, ^fmT) a ^lan ag,
CCf TTlunmf n^finn n^efa'fedn.
trios Ha^naitl clumcef anoif,
CCf TTiumrif n-aT)hmoill n

O'DUBH AGAIN. 57

i

MacCagadhain,266 circle of fame,
Is over the noble Clann-Fearmaighe,
Mag Dorchaidh,267 of no condemned law,
Over the heroic Cinel-Luachain.

The three chiefs of Dartraighe,268 I shall name,

And of Calraighe269 of the tribes,

Their acquisitions have injured the slopes,

O'Finn the brave and O'Cearbhaill.

They do not go among the rabble at the feast,

And the majestic Mag Flannchadhas.

Royal chieftain of rough incursions,

O'Raghallaigh270 of red arms.

The sweet sound of his golden voice is heard,

Over the fine Muintir-Maoilmordha.

We would wish to tarry there,

Awhile, from this land let us pass. Let us pass.

Let us pass, may it be a passage of prosperity,

On a visit to the race of Fergus,271

To the other active people,

To the prosperous race of Rudhraigh.

Of Muintir-Giollagain of plunders,

O'Cuinn272 is lord and captain,

Mac Maoiliosa of fine horses,

Has his tributes on Magh-Breacraighe.273

Mag-Finnbhairr,274 delightful his fine prosperity,
Over the pleasant Muintir-Geradhain.
Mag-Raghnaill275 is heard now,
Over the active Muintir-Eolais.

58

ITIuinnp 1Tlaoil-rtiiochaip-niia'ohai§,
CCp TTIoig Nepi neprgiallaig.
pa rnai£ an ctnBpenn cnear>ac,
plai£ na bpinea-ohac.

peapgail, ap tii
i Cloinn

Rif ^ac n-D|iuiri5 7>o TUCCD a neim,
Mui Chinnn

ap peiT>rn
T)enam cloT> ap. ConnacuaiB,
Co lap Caipppe na ceatam,
Clap na haip^ne lonnpoigeam.

T)on rploi^ rponrpolriac nap,
T)o Connachuaib ap cco
1p m cui^ea-o t)o Clomn
T)a Caipbpe na ccpioc cctai'opei'D.

Clap cltnrhe, paon na pa-oapc,
O'maolcltnche a cceann a^api:.

t,ltn£nip aille,

T>ap n-eip cpioch Caipbpe.

T)enom ctunine ap ClannaiB Cem,
11 Lui^m^ arlaini aipm^eip,
Rio§a Lui^ne na m-bla^al
O'tleagpa ip 0 htlcrcmapain,

pech »p tmgmb nalocldn,

T)en cuinine ap Uait5 Ceapnachdn,

aT>t>a T>on pem fin.
T>on ^lamniem pn.

O'DUBHAGAIN. 59

The gentle Muintir-MaoilmiadhaigV76
Over Magh-Nisi of strong hostages.
Good was the dividend acquired by wounds.
Let us enumerate the chiefs of the tribes.

Muintir-Fearghail,277 and not now,
In the sovereignty over the Clann-Fearguis ;
Against every tribe they exert their venom,
The O'Cuinns are their seniors.

Let us pass westwards, it is a strenuous exertion,
Let us return to Connacht,
To the plain of Cairbre,278 let us not conceal it,
Let us approach the plunder-plain.

Well for the heavy-haired host in the west,

For the Connacht-men, is our journey ;

In the province, of the race of Niall,

Are the two Cairbres of smooth-ditched districts.

Plain of the game, tract of the prospects,
O'Maoilcluiche279 is their head leader.
Let us go forward into Luighne,280
Let us leave behind the territory of Cairbre.

Let us commemorate the Clanna-Cein,281
In the active sharp-armed Luighne.
The kings of Luighne of famed tribes,
Are 0 hEaghra282 and O hUathmharain,283

Look over Luighne of the full lakes,
Make a commemoration of the Ui-Cearnachain ;284
Good is every habitation of that people ;
O'Gadhra285 is of that fine race.

60

O'"0o15ailen co f

0 T)uinnccrchai5

birn $a n^furoh ^woe co

T)a ju'sh clafirhtM5he an Cofiuinn.

Sean raoifig TUtn^e Ltnn£ lain,
Ni T>lea5rnaiT; pein a bpd^Bail,
TTlag Ooach, TTla^ TDaonai^
an

"Oenom 50 ponn 0 ppiach|iach,

^o bionn-flo5 nam-boi|ibcliacrac,

On rflua§ up-fancac an alt

N i T>U al TM m^eacc ^e u|n allam . Tfii allam .

0 Corona^ a^ cuai|iT:
Coniafiua na coigcn-iche
Co ropamn Uo-oba fie fia-o,
CCf pojiba alamn lomlan.

niaf ctim^a na

T>on
an cui^ea'5 ^an conifioinn,

'Cfie ^nioni coinipea^ma if car,
T)o pol oiyiecc^oa piachyiach.
O'TYluijiea^aig co meanmam,
0 Sotimo^, 0 'Ciseafinaig.
"Deigniem af -oeala 7>on T)fitnn5,
CCyi Ceapa ainifiei-o altnnn.

Cuinimgeani na r|ii 'Cucrca,

poifDionac ponn Chfiuachna.

O'DUBH AGAIN. 61

O'Dobhailen286 of good fame,
O'Duinncathaigh287 of the kernes.
I am praying for them affectionately,
Two kings of the level plain of Corann.288

The old chiefs of full Magh-Luirg,289
We ought not to omit them,
Mag-Eoch,290 Mag-Maonaigh291 the great,
And Mag Riabhaigh292 of the royal hosts.

Proceed we to the land of Ui-Fiachrach,293

To the sweet host of the rough conflicts,

From forth the uncovetous host

It is not kind to depart, though we pass. Let us pass.

From the Codhnach294 of the fairy flood,
The mark of the boundary,
To the limit of Rodhba ;295 to be mentioned,
It is a beautiful full territory.

There is not narrower than this,

With O'Dubhda296 of territory.

Fourteen kings of this people,

Obtained the province [of Connaught] without division,

Through deeds of exertion and battle,
Of the illustrious race of Fiachra.
O'Muireadhaigh297 with spirit,
O'Gormog,298 O'Tighearnaigh.299
A people who have the most valorous mind,
Over the rugged beauteous Ceara.300

Let us commemorate the three Tuathas,1''01
The steady host of fair Cruachan.

62

Na coilleam aniarh neariiT>ut5,
Slomneam a cjuan. c

TfltMnnfi bifin, cjicroa an coeval,
CCmun.ait!> 0 YTlannachain,

CCf leo an rty a

Clann bfianam
1f tli maoilmorvDa michil.
^eiuc fmachr na peatma nac pann,
CCji Cofica f eatBa 8eachlann.

T)on

Cenel T)oBr

bi'o a ccoimfeafic im c|n*be
OifieachT; 0

Cenel pechm co
Ctufieam |iiu an. ccul 1 cceT>oin.,
T)o pannai£eaf> fiat) fie feal,
"Oo matlaieaT) iaT> 6

CCn, Ciafinxn^e min
TTlac Ceichea|inai5 ciallai'oe,
bann an. a nDli^eaTJ yin T)iB,
T)on chini'D fin Ctann Ceifiin.

Clann 'Cai'D^, 8iol VHaoilfiiiain
SluaJ poifnonac, pocarlani,
0 Tnaoilmtjai-D if 0 plomn pal,
an T>

dn bea^ oile ann,
Con lie "Pochai-b na

O'DUBHAGAIN. 63

Let us not spoil their untarnished splendour,
Let us name their three lords.

The Muintir-Birn,302 brave the battle fence,
In the fortresses of the O'Mannachains.
Through conflict, through vigour and threatening,
Theirs is the country into which they came.

The Clann-Branain, powerful their vigour,

And the majestic O'Maoilmhichils.

The sway of this tribe, not feeble,

Extends over the wealthy Corca Sheachlann.303

Hereditary to the keen-armed tribe of O hAinlighe,
Is Cinel-Dobhtha,304 the fast rugged.
I have an affection in my heart,
For the sept of the 0 hAinlighes.

Let us leave Cinel-Fechin30'5 for a while,
Let us turn to them our back at once,
They have been weakened for some time,
They have degenerated from their ancestors.

Over the smooth Ciarraighe of the plain,306
Is Mac Ceithearnaigh,307 the sensible.
We proclaim their right to you,
Of that tribe is Clann Cheirin.308

The Clann-Taidhg,309 the prosperous Siol-Maoilruana,310
A steady, fierce, active host.
O'Maoilmuaidh and O'Floinn the generous,
The two tribes have got rule over them.

There is another small angle,
Caille-Fothaidh,311 let us not omit it,

64

cofin clocMn if cfiaoif ech,
O'Rorldn a

TYlac S5airh£il fpamach a n;uin.,
CCfi Cofica TTlo^a an rhuifiifi.
CCn fco£ -pa aoit5 anofa,
O'bfidom ap. Loch

fine Ua bn.iam bftea§
ban. fean crchaifi ban. finf ean-
"Mi mall baf T^aille rab,
Clann THdille na

Jac dfi m baf nccgai'D ann,
"Mo anaiD ayi T)d tlniall.

"Duine mai^c fiani ni
T)' iB TTlaille acc'na
"Pdi-oe na |vine fi^lfe,
T)me bdi-oe if b|iaiT:hi|ife.

Conmaicne Chtnle, at:clof,
0' 'Calcafiam T>O
CCn. Conmaicne mafia
0' CaT>la, cayia an com 61 1.

Conmaicne THnne

CCf cain. ardi

THinem^ na cclia^ raji ^ac

0 §iT>lmn foifi 50

Til e^ Confioi n,eiT> T>O

CCyi 5^0 moifi na mionchala'6,

ayi Jtio mbegmbuan,
nac T)ait)^if if nac T>n.ombuc(n.

O'DUBH AGAIN. 65

Chief of white-stoned goblets and lances,
O'Rothlain is their royal chieftain.

Mac Sgaithghil312 of beautiful studs
Is over Corca Mogha of affection,
The flower of flourishing beauty now,
O'Braoin is over Loch Gealgosa.313

Eochaidh,314 senior of the great Ui Briuin,
Was your ancestor — your progenitor,
Not slow are your flood exactions,
O, Clann Maille,315 of the sea-sent treasures.

Every land is against you in this ;
Ye inhabit the two Umhalls.

A good man never was there
Of the Ui-Maille but [he was] a sea-man ;
The prophets of the weather316 are ye,
A tribe of friendship and brotherhood.

Over Conmaicne Guile,317 it was heard —
Is O'Talcharain I have mentioned.
Over the great Conmaicne-mara318
Rules O'Cadhla,319 friend of mede drinking.

Of Conmaicne of Dun mor,320 the vigorous,
Weak are now the chieftains,
Fine angle of the poets beyond every division,
From Sidhlinn321 eastwards to the Shannon.

Mac Conroi quietly reigns
Over Gno-mor,322 of smooth marshes,
O'hAdhnaidh on Gno-Beg323 the lasting,
A nest not indigent or perishable.

66

Siol TTIac CC(yoha T)on
CCfi ctomn clan/pai fifing Cof£n.ai|;,
Sluas niaojvoa 7)cm rman rnea'ba,
CCoB-oa pat a fpineaT>ha.

Clann TV)tificha'ba an tiitnfi
CC^ TTltiinr;i|i laurD
'Ceiche'D fie na n^leo
Leo peicherh na

T)fitnT)eam le tiCCiTme na n-each
Le n-uaifle if le n -em each,
leanom a |noga nac gann,
benom fie fiol na faoyictann.

LuaiT>eam CCiTme, af peiT>m ^an act;,
pmea^a Connachr,

a maire amach,
lomn.ai'oeann ptaire O'bpac|iach.

Ctann tThc 51 ollach eallai 5 cdif)
Ui Gi'Dm na n-eac f ean^Blai^
T)ion a n-nailte afi a n-a|imaiB,
T)o fiol £u ai|xe

an

Hi Cleifii5 if "oa n^emealach,
CCn. Chen el Chm^arhna ^lo
"U 1

a TTCfii f a
O'TTla^na ayi clan,
T)a |n^ Ceneoil CCo'oa ann,
O'Beachnafai?; nd feachnam,

O'DUBH AGAIN. 67

The race of Mac Aodha on the east side
Over the extensive Clann Cosgraigh,324
A majestic host who love mede,
Beauteous and generous are their tribes.

The race of Murchadh,325 of the lovely fortress,
Belong to the vigorous Muintir-Flaithbheartaigh,
To shun their conflict is lawful,
To them belongs the watching of the fair harbours.

Let us approach Aidhiie326 of the steeds,
Their nobles and their hospitality ;
Let us follow their kings who are not few,
Let us touch on the race of noble clans.

Let us mention Aidhne, a deed without condition,

Let us leave the tribes of Connacht,

Let us speak sweetly of their chiefs,

Let us report the chiefs of Ui-Fiachrach.327

The Clan of Mac GiUa Ceallaigh328 the honorable,
The Ui Eidhin329 of the beautiful slender steeds,
The defence of their pride is on their arms,
Of the race of Guaire of fine eye-lashes.

Good the heroes and festive

The Ui Cleirigh,330 who are of their race.

Over the fine Cinel-Cinngamhna331

Are the Ui Duibhghiolla, and of their territory,

Profitable the strand and the flood

Of the O'Maghnas, who are over the plain of Caenraighe ;332
Two kings of the Cinel-Aedha333 there are,
O'Seachnasaigh, whom we shall not shun,

F 2

68

CCf 7>1 15 0'Ca£ail na ccbafi,
TTlin a acaiT), 'fa tiififliat).

1onnfai§eam Och^e na n^leann,
Cuafimiseam an ponn
Ctnjieam byn^h m ^ac baile,
SurDeam t min TDaonmai^e,
CCp. clcqi Ca|\aT> on ^eayip,
1pean.fi dft n-ana'D na

1T)6iftqaian Connacht; an ctaift fin,
tli TTlame na m6|i'Dail fin,
O'Sionamn ^ea^a fiT>e
5o TTlea-Dha, ni mm fiige.

CuiT> td Conaill T>on cyiichpn,
T)on rifi dlamn ammin fin,
0 5fein co ceanT)
05 fieifi an f

TTlaonniui^e na mat,
T)afiab 'ou^ai'5 an 7>onn-ctan.,
T)iaf T)O €ect:ai'D an saoB fom,
O'Meachmm, O'THaolalai-D.

CC n^leo co rf om if na
CCf leo an fonn co
"Ma fe 8oT>am na f each n am,
CC yiio^a ^an |io f each mall.

TT)ai£ flua^ na bpo^af* -ppo^lac,
T)an T)ual 8o"ban f Lea§ an.mach,
0 Ccrchail, 0 TDu'Diioin meap.,
0 TTlaolyiuanai'D na

O'DUBH AGAIN. 69

And of the same race is O'Cathail of poets,
Smooth their plain and their fine mountain.

Let us approach Echtge334 of the vales,

Let us search the extensive land,

Let us infuse vigour into every townland,

Let us sit in the plain of Maonmhagh.335

On the plain of Caradh336 to which Grian is near,337

Better is our tarrying than our departing.

The great third of Connacht338 is that plain
Of the Ui-Maine, of great assemblies,
From the Sionainn339 of the fairy flood,
To Meadha hill,340 'tis no small kingship.

The share of O'ConaiU341 of that territory,

Of that beautiful uneven land,

[Extends] from Grian342 to the head of the great plain,

A host obey the royal chieftain.

The kings of Maenmhagh of chiefs

To whom the brown plain is hereditary,

Two who have possessed that side,

Are O'Neachtain343 and O'Maolalaidh.344

Their fight is overpowering in the conflicts,
Their's is the land as far as the Ui-Fiachrach,345
The six Sodhans346 let us not shun,
Their kings shall not be neglected.

Good the host of plundering incursions,
To whom the spear-armed array is due,
O'Cathail, O'Mudhroin the rapid,
O'Maoilruanaidh of royal banquets.

70

CfioniT) T>iona an Ufi-pumn eanai£
Tlio^a Cf-urhramn cn.ichpeaT>ai5,
tin a taoT>O£ laoch nach f each am,
Hi£ an ChalaiT> cp,iflear;hain.

na

CalccD 81 on 11 a
Oijifii^h bucmireafDccch bla'oac,
Of oyilafi na n-CGnm&rohac.

na n^lan
O'hai|im neniineac tl attach dm,
LatSain. co ^fiOT) T>on £naoi fin
CC Bplar:ha, fa

TTlafi af -Dtial furaiB na ftunn,
Luai'D ^ach 'ourhai'D co T)io^uinn,
'Cof ach a|i ^u^a 'f aft BlaiT>,
T)o TTlac OiT^ea^hain uafait.

8tomn T)O afi artaniie a pan
1f ayi jurctiiaifie a f.i^nna'D.
Ctann T)iafniat:a ruaii) if
CC ccuyi im 'ouam af T)ileaf.

1TI ac £1 olla PI on n a^ai n m aoi r ,
CC^Uf Ctann c|ioT)ha Cionaoirh,
T)a T)f om^ af ao^T>a T>' f eaT)am,
CCf, Clomn laonrba tai£earham.

Uafal a bfuil fa bpea-oma,
Hi T)orhnallain '
T)o boms fie qfi eafaib
CCfi clomn mbf eafail

O'DUBHAGAIN. 71

Trees sheltering the rich irriguous land,
Are kings of Crumhthann,347 woody district,
The Ui Laodhogs, heroes whom we shun not,
Kings of the Caladh348 of wide border.

Men by whom was taken into their possession,
The Caladh of the bright- waved Sionainn,349
Chieftains of ever-during good fame,
Are over the plain of Ui-Anmchadha.350

Lord of rough fetters of good success,

O'h-Uallachain of envenomed arms,

Speak quickly of that part,

Their chieftains and their principal sub-chiefs.

As the lands are hereditary under them,
Mention every district carefully.
Precedence for bounty and renown,
Give to Mac Eitteagain351 the noble ;

Mention him for the activity of his troops
And the prosperity of his royal honor.
The Clann Diarmada north and south,
To mention them in my poem is lawful.

Mac Giolla Fionnagain352 the bounteous,
And the brave Clann-Cionaoith,353
Two septs of majestic bands
Over the magnificent Clann-Flaithemain.

Noble their blood and their deeds,
The Ui Domhnallain354 of fair features,
Who burst with floods of conflicts,
Over the yellow-haired Clann-Breasai!

72

T>tiit5e,

Cofiprnaic rnoift TTlaonrmii^e,
»n. 7>ei f T>O lacac

E»

na parai an ponn pom.
1nip

T)d Bcnte

T)o £ar;hcci5 i:i|i na

byidrhaifi |ii^ an juo^aoi peach.

0'T)ocoitilain a
Of fimT) aiyiT) na
"Hi plai^ aT>naiii T:ana T>e,
"Oala

"Caoifeach TTluige pmn
T)a T^UCC bfii£i

a co

a n*oeafina a|i ^ac nT>uine
bjiea^'oa na On.eT>tn|;e.

CU1T)

TTlac Tnufichaixjc, difvon.i taigean, apif O'pachfiach, riseafina
0 nGnechtaip, a^Uf O'Cof^fiai^, ci^ea|ina Ipeayi Cualann, a^tip
O'Hiaam, r;i^ea|ina Ua nT)fiona, agtip O'T^ua^hail, r;i5ea|ina Ua
TTlui|\ea'Dai§, a^uf Ua h6ochaT)a ap, UiB paolam, a^tif TTlac
^oiimdm, ngeaiina Ua rnbaifice, O'ConcoBai-p., a^tif 0'T)umn,
0511 f O'bp.o^afil5din, a^Uf O'Cionaoirh, a^Uf 0'T)iomufai§,
0 hCCon^ufa, a^Uf 0 hCCunenp'n, a^u-p 0'TT1ti|icha'oain
O'Ciafii^a, a|i

O'DUBH AGAIN. 73

O'Donnchadlia355 without blackness,
The Ui Cormaic356 of great Maonmagh,
To the right of the Lathach357 outside,
This land belongs to these chieftains.

Treat of Inis Duibhginn358 the brown,
The twelve bailes of O'Duiblnnnn,

o '

Who cemented the land of the chiefs,
That royal chief is brother to a king.

O'Docomhlain359 I mention,
Over the high point of Eidhnech ;
He is no shy slender chieftain
O'Gabhrain of Dal Druithne.

Chief of brave Magh-Finn,360
To whom Brighit361 gave a blessing,
Noble his host of exertion hitherto,
O'Maoilbrighde lasting, manly.

Good has he done to each person,
The majestic chief of Bredach.362

THE PART RELATING TO LEINSTER.

Mac Murchadha, chief king of Leinster ; and O'Fiachrach, lord
of Ui-Enechglais ; and O'Cosgraigh, lord of Feara-Cualann ; and
O'Riaan, lord of Ui-Drona ; and O'Tuathail, lord of Ui-Muireadh-
aigh ; and O hEochadha, over Ui-Faelain ; and Mac Gormain,
lord of Ui-Bairche ; O'Conchobhair, and O'Duinn, and O'Brogar-
bhain, and O'Cionaoith, and O'Diomasaigh, and O h-Aonghusa,
and O h-Aimergin, and O'Murchadhain, kings of Ui-Failghe ; and
O'Ciardha, over Cairbre.

74

CU1T) OSRCCIsie CCNNSO.

mac Siollapdqiaicc, a^u-p 0'Cean.t5aitt, cc^uf O'TDonn chorea,
nwn^e > O'bfiuaDaifi, a^Uf TTlac bfiam, a^tif 0'bn.aondm,
aji na ^jii 'Cfiiucha, .1. na Clanna, a^Uf an Comaji aguf Ui 6i|ic.

co lu a^ 1
leach an nac

poiyieacc na ppean.

CCin.ecmia'o anoifi anoif
an CUI^T) T)
05 nac ptn^bem pala,
05 THac

Hi 0 n-6nechlaif
O'piacftach an pumn a-5Boit,
"Oo pofDaT> qae dp, na n^all,
' aj\ cldft Cualann.

O'Hiam |ii Ua n^O^ona,
TTlifie ndiT) namofi rhonna ;

iB 111111116^15 amtnj
i ctnlea'Dhaig Ui

6ochar>a pa
CCfi pneaT>ait5 O'bpaoldn,
TTlac ^ot11^^^ co Ion alle
CC|i ponn mbonbdn 0 mbain.che.

Soicheam fia|i 1 nthE pailge,
"Da lubaiT) na laocT>ai|i5he,
T)a nT>ti5eaT>aiB a
T)a

O'DUBH AGAIN. 75

THE PART RELATING TO OSRAIGHE.

Mac Giollaphatraic, and O'Cearbhaill, and O'Donnchadha, kings
of Osraighe ; O'Bruadair, and Mac Brain, and O'Braonain, over
the Three Triuchas, i.e., the Clanns, and the Comar, and Ui-Eirc.

Let us proceed quickly into Leinster,
The broad land which is not poor in heroes ;
Ever renowned is the career of the men,
The cemetery of the valorous Gaeidhil.

We shall enumerate in the east now
The hospitable chiefs of the province in one shower,
A scion with whom we shall meet no grudge,
We shall abide with Mac Murchadha.363

Bang of Ui n-Enechlais364 in the east,
O'Fiachrach of the great land,

Through the slaughter of the strangers was detained,
O'Cosgraigh on the plain of Cualann.365

O'Eiain, king of Ui Drona,366
Is more rapid than the great waves ;
Over the Ui Muireadhaigh367 outside,
Not illegitimate are the O'Tuathails.

The Siol-Eochadha of high prosperity

Over the tribes of Ui-Faolain ;368

Mac Gormain with wealth hither

On the fair-surfaced land of Ui Bairche.369

Let us proceed westwards to Ui-Failghe,370
To whom the heroic oaks bend,
Of their rights I speak,
Their tribes I commemorate.

76

h in bfio£aji15ain na rn-bailiB
Clann Cluonairh, Clan 11 ConcatJain.
CaiuhiTX a BpuiiTD le
th "Ouiiin i th

T)o vlairlub an pinnn pnnpl,
Hi CCenguva, Ui CCimi^in,
StojVDce a m-banti iv arnblaT>al
1V Clann rnoyi'Da TTlii|icha'Dan.

0' Ci ayi-ba afi Ch ai fipjie

"Mi vu^l acr ie^ pem T:alt
T)o clanT)aib

Ponn ^an ^abail fie
1onnvoi£eam 1 n
Puain. v^ 50 voT>ai£ ^ac
Onoi|i iv uaivle Ofieann

cmecroa na comne
Clann CeayiBaill
On con a rail pet
Clann fcOonnchaT>a

CCn i:|ieav cmea'D T>O
TTlac ^ollctpcrcT10110 pofvcjlom,
11 aval "DQalB^lana an T>me
na

M ui OfitiaT>aiv. av cuanna clafi>
Hleic bfiaom a^uv Hi bfiaonam,
CCicme T>iot5 nocha 'oeachai'D,
maicne T>O THuirhneachaiB.

O'DUBHAGAIN. 77

The O'Brogarbhains371 of townlands,

The Clann Chionaoith,372 the Clann Conchabhair,373

They spend their lands on knowledge,

The O'Duinns374 and the O'Diomasaighs.375

Of the chiefs of the fair-bright land,

Are the O'Aenghusas,376 the O'Aimergins,377

Loud sounding their proclamations and their famous troops,

And the majestic Clann-Murchadhain.378

O'Ciardha over Cairbre379 of poets
Of the tribes of Nine-hostaged Niall ;
There are but themselves over to the east,
Of the clanns of Niall in Leinster.

The land not taken by their steeds,

Let us advance into Ossraighe,380

She has found with choice of every division,

The honor and nobility of Erin.

Three tribes are in its assembly,

The Clann Cearbhaill381 to excite her ;

Leopards within under their lords,

Are the Clann Donnchadha382 of protecting shields.

The third tribe heard in the east,
Mac Giollaphatraic383 of the fine seat ;
Noble fair-faced is the tribe
Of the residence of the head chieftain.

The Ui-Bruadair384 of the beautiful plain,
The Mac Braoins385 and O'Braonains,386
Not one sept of them has passed away,
These three tribes are of the Munstermen.387

78

t clan n a 0511 F cm Com an.,
tli etyc t1*1 Ti-6fiBtlonna'oh ;
ai£ T)o Bi a cqniocha pan cclomn,
CCp, na qfii qaiocna ^T1000^01111-

O'DUBHAGAIN. 79

The Claims and the Comar,388

And Ui Eire389 of gold-bestowing,

Good were their territories under the tribes ;

Of the three cantreds we treat.

80

o'htMT)Rin.

"GuiUe peapa aji eininn 615,
Mi maish peanchaiT> nac peanoip,
Sean cap coin. uaim T>on peaftam,
"Ma ploi|; on bomn

CCfi -pd^aiB ug'oafi 01 le
T)' u ai f b B poT>la peyi^loi n e,
Canpai'D me piof ncrpecrona
O bof ue ^ac t;i|;eajina.

CCn cjiioc fo T)O corrifioirm Conn
0'T)uBa5d[in T>eapc mon^ T>onn
T)o chum pe peanchaf na ppeaf
"Mi neamchdf e fie a aifieam.

Mi h amp of po T>eyia T>O,
5ctn i ^0 chum a on ceT)lo,
Ji'oea'D DO lei^ T>ampa im T>aoil
8T)0 rei^ an clannpa Car:haoifi.

Lear;h Cumn an cftoiDe meanmnaij;
T)o chum pm a
T)' poi U/p|; uite ^iaft ip
T)ume 0

Lear:h TTlo^a
CCn T>a quan po reap T> Oyii
1p cldii Lai^ean aptmn pin,
i im bnn

O'HUIDHRIN. 81

O'HUIDHRIN.

Addition of knowledge on sacred Erin,
The historian is not good who is not old,390
A true history [is here] from me to the tribes,
The hosts of Boinn,391 of fair-cattle,

Those whom another author has omitted
Of the nobles of green-grassed Fodhla392
I shall sing : — the knowledge of every tribe
From the warm fort of each lord.

Of this country, which Conn393 divided,
O'Dubhagain,394 the bright-eyed, brown-haired;
Composed the history of the men,
It is not unimportant to be mentioned.

It was not ignorance that caused him

Not to compose it from the first day ;

Still, he left to me [to tell of the land] about the Daoil,39'5

He has neglected this race of Cathaoir.396

The Half of Conn of cheerful heart
He described from ancient books,397
He has shown all west and east,
Each man adhering to his patrimony.

Leath-Mhogha,398 the part of Ebhir Finn,
The two southern thirds of Erin,
And the plain of Leinster to us belong,
And each brave man about the Luimneach.399

82 O'Tlint

tMT)fiin

CCn 7>d coi^ecTD po cldip
1p coiccecro clomne Car;haoip,
$1015 SaBpamne 6 nioip 50 rntnp
TaBpamrme T)6i15 a

na oT>a pnne,

6 T>un "Otnblnroe,
81 ap, co boi|nnn cctup
CCn ptnnn cloTDpniT)

T)o pio5paiT) clomne
Luwoeam pa f each if d
^ac neac T)iol5 ap a T>u

"Kldip, bile an
'Cpiac lai^ean TDac TTltipcha'Da,
CCn coi^ea-o ma §laic pi,
na bponTD pan

T^picrc 0 bpailge an pin 11 n eallaif;,
Ui h-amppip e T)' pileaT»aiB,
O'Conco^aip cum^ an claip
CCp ^oprn-rulaig ctup CpuacMm.

Poipenn cpiche an claip leacam
r;ap a T%;aoi peach aiB,
ap paiftBpe ma pom,
CCp chuan 0' p^ail^e pp6T)§lom.

CCp tdB Ria^am na
5appa meap -mwDeap conilonn,
O'TJtunn^-caoipeac na T:ogla,
Cinng na ccpaoipeac ccarop'ba.

O'HUIDHRIN. 83

In these two provinces of the plain of the Gaoidhil,400
And the province of the race of Cathaoir,401
Of the hosts of the Sabhrann402 from sea to sea,
We shall detail to them their patrimonies.

Towards the south of fair Fodhla,
Let us pass from the fort of Dubhlinn,403
Westwards to Boirinn404 the ruggedly fenced,
Of white stone fields and active [men].

Let us give first place from the chiefs of the Gaoidhil
To the kings of the race of Cathaoir ;
Let us mention separately in the eastern country
Each one of them over his patrimony.

Chief king of Nas, tree of the fort,

Lord of Leinster is Mac Murchadha ;405

He holds [the sovereignty of] the province in his fair hand,

The charter of the lands is under the hero.

Lord of Ui-Failghe406 the land of cattle-
It is not unknown to poets ;
O'Conchobhair407 is hero of the plain408
On the green round hill of Cruachan.409

The tribes of the territory of the extensive plain,

Let us treat of their sub-chiefs ;410

What host is richer than they ?

Over the people of Ui-Failghe of fair land.

Over Ui Riagain411 of heavy routs,
A vigorous tribe who conquer in battle,
Is O'Duinn, chief of demolition,
Hero of the golden battle-spears.

G 2

84 OtltntfUTi.

'Caoipiuch oile ap airhwo T>arh,
0' hCCengupa ap Clap Col^an,
£lan a 'ofohai'o rap £ein £dil,
T)o 7>lui;hai5 tie ceib Cpuachdm.

CCp T3huaiT:h TXI Thtn^he an rhui|i Jit
O'TDaoilchem ctioiT»e fai-o^i|i ;
CCoiBmn cucrch min an mtu^e,
CC bfiuach mayi ri

T)o saB rucrch
Taoi finch T)O
'CeiT) a t;haifim na
CCf -DO af amm 0'

Of THa|; CCoipe na

0 TTIii|ichdin i:aoi peach

CCn peafi im PT> ^ai^lte

CCji cion ^a T)ain^ne T>UT:hcaf ?

Ctann TTlaoilti||ia of ^ac -peaT>ain,
Uafal ceim a ccmeaT)hai§,
Clap, min an cuan T)O copam,
THi a 7>ual

CCoiBmn an cpioch, cian po clop,
^1106 Lege na leap^
O'Cealtaig Leige, on
Ceile an cldip

0 ^pailje na ^P01111 rean
T)n.uiT)eani |ie Laoi^if L
Laochpai'D bd|ip,T)onn T>a

peal ap a f eancap .

O'HUIDHRIN. 85

Another dynast who is known to me,
O'hAenghusa412 on Clar-Colgan,

Fine his country, beyond [that of] the Fians of Fail,
Which abuts on the grass of Cruachan.

Over Tuath-da mhuighe413 of the fair fortress
Is O'Maoilchein of the rich heart ;
Delightful is the smooth cantred of the plain,
Its border is like the land of promise.

The bright cantred of Geisill414 is possessed
By a chieftain of the border of Leinster,415
Whose march is rapid and strong,
He is named O'hAimirgin.416

Over Magh Aoife417 of the warm slopes
Is O'Murchain, as dynast of the cantred,
The hero of the green Fidh-gaibhle,418
Against plunders what country is stronger ?

The Clann-Maoilughra419 over every tribe,
Noble the degree of their race ;
A smooth plain this sept have defended,
The land is hereditary to O'Diomosaigh.

Delightful the territory, long since it was heard,
The cantred of Leghe of bright slopes,
O'Ceallaigh of Leghe,420 of the eastern bank,
Is sub-chief of the plain of dells and yews.

After Ui-Failghe of the ancient lands,
Let us approach Laoighis421 of Leinster,
Brown-haired heroes for whom showers fall,
We shall devote some time to their history.

86 O't)tiif>fiin.

Laoi£fe na larm flim,
Laei£if Recrca, af fiia f.aiT>irn,
0'TTlof/oa co ccleish cam,
CCn fcei£ 6f/oa aoiToat;ha.

j?a "Dun TDafcc af rnin punni,
O'T)uiB oi Chen el

an T:|ie pa
1ar;h af mine

an ptmm

an n^ea]inuf raoifi^ ;
T>ual T>
pionn 6uiT>e na peb.

Of TTIU15 T)fuchmm an T)um
O'Ceallai^ an claifi ei^m^,
CCf f arnail min an mtuge
He ri

5ceilme na ffeaB foicleac,
*OO' Cheallai^ ni
Tfiom 05 fiaT)ach an fine
CCf. fonn nsf/ianach n

Cfioch O'TTltn^e an foiT)

"DO' Caollai'oe af caorh an cfioch,
nd|i faorn

Cf-ioch O mbaff.r;ha an 15fio|;a |;loin,
T)o fiol *Odif.e bmT) baff ai^,
0'5o|inidin T>O £lac na f tunn,
ba pfap 1 conToail comltnnn.

O'HUIDHRIN. 87

The great territory of Laoighis of slender swords,
Laoighis Reata,422 of it I speak,
Belongs to O'Mordha with bulwark of battle
Of the golden shield of one colour.

Under Dun Masc423 of smooth land,
O'Duibh424 is over Cinei-Criomthainn,
Lord of the territory which is under fruit,
Land of smoothest mast-fruit.

The old Tuath-Fiodhbhuidhe of fair land

Is a good lordship for a chief ;

The Muintir Fiodhbhuidhe425 are its inheritors,

The yellow-haired host of hospitality.

Over Magh-Druchtain426 of the fair fortress
Is O'Ceallaigh of the salmon-ful river,
Similar is the smooth surface of the plain
To the fruitful land of promise.427

Gailine428 of the pleasant streams,
To O'Ceallaigh is not unhereditary,
Mighty is the tribe at hunting
On the sunny land of Gailine,

Crioch O-mbuidhe429 of the fair sod,
Along the Bearbha430 of the bright pools,
To O'Caollaidhe431 the territory is fair,
A shepherd prepared to encounter enemies.

The territory of the Ui-Barrtha432 of the fine glebe,
Of the race of the melodious Daire Barrach ;
O'Gormain433 received the lands,
Rapid was he in the battle meeting.

88 O'tltiif

7411 all rap, beafifta an Btnp.'o ealai§,
On dp lorhrhaip. tnprnealais,
0 ThnT) p,io£ co Tlflaifcin rhip.,
T)o ftiol m' ain. 6 a n-

an rtnp.
CCfi tl 1^ meap,T>a
Co hCClrtiam an ceoil
CCn -peoiyi baftfiglom bfiaon

af pochan-^taf
TDac 51oLta mo-chairh — Cholmo^,
pift faoyia a|i peapaip nac pann,
CCfi peayiai^ caonia Cualann.

01 le puaip. an ponn,
Cpioch cnoiT)ean.cach claiyiCualann,
0'Cof5|iai§ co
T)on pem

Clap, ipe na laoiT>ean5
'Gip. uame ap aitle ropa'b,
Siap, rap. 'Ceanip.aig n^e Ctunn,
0'5ealbp.am bite an ^an pinnn.

rip, pa ropar>,
Ui TTlail, larh ^an
O'Cealtai§ pop.
T)o

CCp, Chaippe iai|ean na leaps,
0'Ciap,T>a na ccol^ fbp'beaps ;
Slar CClman ^an raca £aip,
Lep. ha-ona-o cauha im Chp^iticham.

O'HUIDHRIN. 89

Pass across the Bearbha of the cattle borders,
From the land of corn and rich honey,
From Dinnrigh434 to Maistin435 the strong,
My journey is paid for by their nobility.

OTuathail of the fort of mede,
Is over the energetic Ui-Muireadhaigh436
To Almhuin437 of the thrilling music,
Of the fair-topped fruitful grass.

Lord of the green grassy sod
Is the fair Mac Giolla Mocholmog,438
Free men over men not weak,
Over the fair Feara-Cualann.439

Other kings obtained the land,

The mast-bearing territory of the plain of Cualann,

O'Cosgraigh of the flowing tresses,

Of the triumphant saffron-speckled tribe.

The plain of the Life440 of the black ships,
A great land of beautiful fruit,
West beyond Teamhair,441 of the house of Conn,
O'Gealbrain442' is the old tree of the fair land.

O'Taidhg443 found a land under fruit,
Ui-Mail,444 a land without eclipse ;
O'Ceallaigh is over east Ui-Teigh,445
Which he purchased for his fair-haired tribe.

Over Cairbre of Leinster446 of the plains

Is O'Ciardha447 of the red-bladed swords ;

The scion of Almhain448 without scarcity in the east,

By whom battles were kindled round Cruachan.449

90 Oil

Lai$ean na lean^;,
CCfi Chaifipfie na pliia^
CCn poifi 6 Oomn Cholla ip Chomn
CCp ofifia ap coifi a ccorhfiomn.

CCfi "UiB 1nech|iif inte

0' hCCoT>a a

T)a n5ealaiT> cjiaoBa afi ccftorna'D.

pa rn6|i

CC|i Chen el pinn
CCfi UiB TTlealla af meafi

an peayi O'pnnn|ea|in.

0'fnti|ichaT)a ap rmn ^eal ponn,
Cp.ioch 0 petme puaip, an pea)!,
CCfi u am peilBe na pmpea|i.

htn petme puaift ruai'D an d|i,

Pan 'Colca fie rdz:h na
Cac ^an oyicyia pan

CC^T>aicme uapal 01 te,

rnbfiam -ofion^ na

gatSpat; jiomn T>O cld|i Cuijic,
Ma cfiomn 7)o Iqi an

0 beayiBa co 8tdme poifi,
CUIT> cliche Clomne
Sto% beanT)T:|iai5e na cciaB ccam,
CCn pian pea^cuiT>e pulrriatl.

O'HUIDHRIN. 91

The Fortuatha450 of Leinster of slopes,
Over Cairbre of the red-speared hosts,
The tribe from the Boinn451 of CoUa and Conn,
Of them right is the division.

Over all Ui-Inechrais452

Is O'Fiachra453 chief of Almhain,454

O h-Aodha455 over Ui-Deaghaidh456 for me,

For whom the trees blossom after bending.

O'Muirte457 of great mirth

Is over the fair Cinel-Flaitheamhain,

Over Ui-Mealla of swift ships,

The hero O'Finntighearn458 has sway.

A lordship profitable, weighty,

Has O'Murchadha459 of smooth fair land,

The territory of Ui-Felme',460 the hero has obtained,

In his turn of ancestral possession.

Ui-Felme461 the cold northern tract,
A fair land has O'Gairbhidh462 obtained,
The warriors of Tulach463 to cement the tribes,
All are without decay throughout the region.

Another high noble tribe,
The Siol Brain,464 people of the Dubhthoire,465
They have not got a portion of the plain of Core,
The scions from the middle of the garden.

From the Bearbha to the Slaine466 eastwards

Is the extent of the territory of the Clann-Cosgraigh,

The host of Beanntraighe467 of curling locks,

The hawk-like, slow-eyed, warlike host.

92 O'hmtfiiTi.

Hi an peap.omn T>eipceapr;aig T>em,
Hia' na dip.eani ni haimpei'D,
1p T)' 0'T)uiBpnn ap T>ual pm
CCn pluai§ 6 mno'linn T>oip^il.

a orap^ an cip.n
pile nan.ai|; n
Laoch pa mai^ ^nioniifiaif> le
CCn plai^ lionniap, O'Loficam.

Cpioch na ccenel, caoni an ponn,
CC peayiann na POT>
Cuan ap ^a^iT: ^lome po

ap T>ual T>ipem.

"Dual T>' O'Ria^am ap fieiT> ponn,
'Cp.iocha ceT), pai>a an peaponn,
Hi T)|iona na pio^h poichleac,
Coyia na cfiioc

0'"Mtiallain, laoch ^an lochm,

O'Neill a fifling caom T)d con,
Ceim T)O niumn

, aicme na pr>6T),

T>a coinieT),

TX>n up.T)puin5 nap, baorh
0 "Ounltnns laoch an

Tp/iall rap, beap,^a na ppeatl pean
T3ap, eip laochp.aiT>e Lai^Tiean,
Co cuan clap, puinn mo cp.oiT>e,
Co plua§ dlumn Opp.ui^e.

O'HUIDHRIN. 93

Lord of the fine Fearann-deiscertach468
Which is not uneven to be mentioned,
To O'Duibhginn it is hereditary,
The host from the black pool of fair bushes.

Hero of Fothart of the earn,469
A stately, modest, polished youth ;
A hero of good deeds with darts,
The affluent chief O'Lorcain.470

Crioch na-gcenel,471 fair the land,
Land of the sod of brown berries,
A harbour the fairest under the sun,
O' h-Artghoile472 is its hereditary chief.

Hereditary to O'Kiaghain473 of smooth land

Is a cantred, long the land,

Ui-Drona474 of pleasant hills,

More befitting [to him] than a strange territory.

O'Nuallain,475 hero without fault,

Chief prince, fine and bountiful of Fothart ;476

O'Neffl of fair Magh da chon,477

Who has taken a step beyond the Gaels.

Siol-Elaigh,478 tribe of steeds,

For O'Gaoithin479 it is right he defend it ;

Chief of the fine people who were not of foolish friendship,

O'Dunlaing,480 hero of the Lagan.

Let us pass across the Bearbha,481 of old streams
After [having named] the heroes of Leinster,
To the tribe of the level land of my heart,
To the beautiful host of Osraighe.

94

HTIac Siollapcrcfuncc puific
1a£ On^ai§e ap 7>o ap
O blccoma arnac £tip an rmnfi,
Calma a COG op na

if

Labjiom pa laoch
0 beafiBa co rnin TTlUThari,
te 1115 'CeaTtifia a

an con,aiT>,
On ChoiU aoiBmn Uachtx)fiai§
O'T)uBpldme, pat an
On <cflia15 af dille

T>ayi cojictxa'D cyiomn,
0'T)onnchaT>a
Sloig 1105 af ^on
T)a fii§ 1OD a haonchonaifi.

\ie beafifia an bfiuaic
Hi na cliche or chualoBaift,
peafi-od comro^a of TTlail TTlail.
0'T)onnchaT>a ^

0 Chill Chamm^ na cloc n-aoil
50 §bab 0'Cai£le an cntnc pelcdom
Cluam Hi Cheafiftaill, T)dn mm min|i,
an cuam ceannsuijim c

Tl Ui T)uac Ofjiai^e an pumn re,
ponT)-cld|i pai^pin^ na peoip.e,
"Ni paT>alt;a peai) an cldin.

a bapdnca O'bp,aondm.

O'HUIDHRIN. 95

To Mac Giollaphatraic482 of the Bregian fort,
The land of Osraighe is due,
From Bladhma483 out to the sea,484
Brave is his battle over the battles.

Sub-chiefs and mighty chiefs
I mention under the hero of Liathdruim,485
From the Bearbha to the plain of Munster,486
To the king of Tara it belongs to unite them.

The high chief of the fruitful cantred,
Of the delightful Coill Uachtorach487
Is O'Dubhshlaine,488 hospitable the man,
From the mountain of most beauteous rivers.489

O'Cearbhaill490 for whom trees are ruddy,
O'Donnchadha491 of honest aspect,
Whose rocklike hosts possess the fruitful land,
Are two kings of the same territory.

Near the Bearbha of the fruitful border,
The king of the district ye have heard,
It is he who is elected over Magh Mail,
O'Donnchadha of fine Gabhran.492

From Gill Chainnigh493 of the limestones

To Sliabh gCaithle494 of the fine sloping hill

Is the plain of O'Cearbhaill for whom the sea is smooth,495

Land of the green rich grassy carpet.

Ui Duach of Osraighe of the warm soil,
The fair wide plain of the Feoir,
Not easily passable is the wood of the plain,
Its protecting chief is O'Braonain.49''

96 O'tltntfiiTi.

TDac bpaom an peapamn mm II,
CCp na ClaiTDaiB ctnrhrn|;im,
T3ip glan par>oi£, caorh a en a,
0 bpoin ap TYlai§ paoip SeT>na.

1 TTltn| Laca na leaps re
O'paoldm, peafVDa an p'ne,
TT1 op, an T)UT:hai§ af T)iol
T)o tin piiT^ha O'paoldm.

Of TTlai5 CCipB, flomneam cofe,
0'CaiBT)eanai§ cldip coille,
Ceann ^ac comne an pmn
1 cionn Choitle 0

"Puaifi O'Jtoiaifin ^ecc

Tfiiocha ceT) T)O cftich

"peafiann min im ChatlamT) chaom,

I^'fi gan ratlam-D T>O

th beapchon an
Hi na qaiche O'CaolluTDe,
Clap na peaftna af t:pom -DO
(Xn ponn op beapBa

Hi 0 nGipc na n-eachpa'D peang,
O'bpuaT)aip., bile -oileann,
Cpioch ^amniech, on cpom T:uile,
TTlapponn maigpech TTlaonniuige.

CCp. Bpop Oppaige an pumn caoin,
CCp. ecu ma Clomne Ccrchaoip,
"Cpiall nac lon^na'D co 8iuip pin,
co pion-o TTIaig uip

O'HUIDHRIN. 97

Mac Braoin498 of the firm land
Is over the Claims I commemorate ;
A fine district of fair acorns,
O'Broithe499 over free Magh Sedna.

In Magh Lacha500 of the warm hill slopes
Is O'Faolain501 of manly tribe ;
Extensive is the district due to them,
Which the O'Faolains have filled.

Over Magh Airbh502 I now mention,
Is O'Caibhdeanaigh503 of the woody plain ;
Head of every meeting is the steady chief
At the head of Coill O'gCathasaigh.504

O'Gloiairn,505 the fruit branch has got,

A cantred of a sweet country,

A smooth land along the beauteous Callann,506

A land without a particle of blemish.

Of Ui Bearchon507 of the yellow mantle,
King of the territory is O'Caollaidhe508
The plain of the tribe who return heavily,
Is the land over the bright-flowing Bearbha/'09

King of Ui-Eirc510 of slender steeds

Is O'Bruadair,511 scion of the flood ;

A sandy territory of heavy floods,

Like the champaign land of Maonmhagh.512

After having visited Osraighe of beauteous land,
After having compassed the Clanns of Cathaoir,
Let us pass (nor wonder at it) to the Siuir,513
Westward to the fair, rich Magh Feimhin.514

a

98

CCyi ccuccific co Caifiot na 11105,
Cmfic nayi chap.
n7>dla map
Sen, a^ha, a^Uf amcmcuifi.

Ltian)eam peafDa each peim>ii&

PO cldji Caifit clai-o eirhi'Dh,

Cyiioch chaitlrneafach chniT) an cltnT)h,

"Mi hamppeafach HTD

uofach T)d ruaiu -pem,
*Oo Chaifeal an cldifi rhin-fiei'
Coytca CCchfiach a hamm fom,

na uiaire ara f unn
"Pa Chaipiol na ccpioch ccno -oonn,
nua lomme feirti fin
T)O ceib

|iai'D mofi muife Tail,
CC raimceall Caifil
l\Ioca celam ap, oac
^an elan 5, ^an

bile na bofuntrie,
0 cifiich Caifil ce'D T>O
of r;aifi^ an

TTlunian mtii|i Sionna,

ic Oitella,
Caftrhaig cum^ a cdna,
chuniT) anpaiT)

O'HUIDHRIN. 99

Our visit shall be to Caisel of the kings,515
The seat of Core,516 who practised no evil deeds :
The story of our adventure, when unfolded,
Will presage prosperity, luck, and success.

Let us mention henceforward every hero
On the plain of Caisel of firm ramparts,
A fruitful wooded country of the head fortress ;
We are not ignorant of them.

Let us give the first place to its own territory,

To Caisel of the smooth clear plain,

Corca Athrach517 is its name,

Fine are its battalion and march over districts.

The dynast of the district that is here
Under Caisel of the territories of brown nuts,
Is a fresh bright gentle scion,
A wreath to the head of Caisel.

The chief princes of the great plain of Tal,518
Around Caisel of the fair territory,
I will not conceal that from any one,
A cause without a flaw or defect.

Chief king over all Erin

Was Brian519 hero of the cow- tribute,

Over the territory of Caisel who will prevail,

A house [built] over the relics of the Tailgenn.520

The chiefs of Munster of the fortress of Sionainn,
Descendants of Eoghan, son of Oilioll,521
Mac Carthaigh522 is hero of their law,

Like a stormy, inexhaustible sea.

H '2

100 O'TltMTwiiti.

Caipl cldip, Gem,
0'T)onnchaT>a af T>ual T)if em ;
peimin a h-amm uaifi oile,
Co fnai-otn an cuarn cno-buvoe.

dn/oachaiT> an pomn
man.

cmT) an claift
0' h'Oitella, 0' bmT> bfiachdm.

T)a 1115 caerria, m cebm,
CCi na T)eifiB T>einini5im,

T)O cmn aj\ ^ach cam,
a sbc 0' pmn paoldm.

mai an
puaifi

Ui Meitl a hthfi Bogam pnn
Ma leogum co leiji luaiT)him.

O'planna^am puai|i an ponn,
Uachran. r;i|ie, t;i
'Cift af buame rtacu
|?a b|iar name exoniail.

tltn CCrhete co
*Oo $ab fin te cyitiaf coniltunn,
bile cneif-fiei'D |ie rdl rjieaf,
Hi bfieiflem co fat faiyiT>eaf.

\\ i po'ota'oa af oiyiceaf T>ihnn
CC lua-o, T)on pio'obtii'D -polc-uin.,
O'Cem 6'n THachtun meaT)hai§,
HachaiT* ceim 6

O'HUIDHRIN. 101

Eoghanacht of Caisel523 of the plain of Cian,
O'Donnchadha is its hereditary chieftain ;
It is also styled Feimhin,
Uniter of the tribe of yellow nuts.

Sliabh-ardachaidh524 of the fine land

Is hereditary to O'Deaghaidh525 as a patrimony ;

Septs of the tribe of the head of the plain

Are 0 h-Oilella,526 O'Brachain527 the melodious.

Two fair kings,. I do not conceal them,
Over the Deisi528 I assert,
Are O'Bric,529 who has exceeded every tribe,
And the fair, wise O'Faelain.530

O'Mearadhaigh,531 the good king,

Chief of Ui Fathaidh,532 who obtained great land,

The O'Neills of Ui-Eoghain Finn,533

All these lions I mention.

O'Flannagain obtained the land,
Uachtar-tire,534 a land of brown berries,
A land of most lasting fruitful soil
Under a clothing of variegated green.

Ui Athele535 to the sea

Was obtained by hardihood of conflict,

By scions of smooth skin to fight the battle,

The O'Breslens south-east to the sea.

The O'Fodhladhas536 it is meet for us
To mention, of the scions of rich hair ;
O'Cein537 from the mede-abounding Machuin,53*
They will exceed all tribes in fame.

102 O'tli

O n-Oachach, aoiBmn fin,

O'bjuc ga ro^a rcqi cm fin,
0 Lie to£a co Liac'OfunmTn.

na mufi
TTlanaiiii,
na
O'Caoirii, ^ecc a

Hi O Licrchomi, taoc pa
TTIifi quiaT>a cara TTliirhari,
CeaiTD 0 nCCttmcaT>a

bjieaj^Da af reann 7:61 p.
TTlaccaille an coiiioil;
T)a fe-oain if 111 111015 min,
11 1 bfiea^T)a, Ui ^lom

Chuifce an citam pi,
*Oo ctomn T36]ina T>o'n T^ifin,
O'Cinyie puaip an T:I|I £e,
T)a huaim mayi nriin na TTli'De.

CCft Chmel CCe-oa an ftnnn re
O'Ceallacdm claift beifie,
"ponn ^taif bn'oe co ^|\ian seal,
af

Cenel m-Oeci an ftnnn

1mon mbanT>am mbdin

"Peaji af car:hbaT)t5a on TTluai'5 nun,

O moDh^arnna an clmam

O'HUIDHRIN. 103

The delightful land of Ui-Eachach,539
The south of the woody Inis Fail,540
O'Bric541 selects it across the flood,
From Lee Logha542 to Liathdruim.543

The lord of Feara-muighe544 of smooth mounds,
O'Dubh again545 of Dun-Manann,546
Tribe of relations of prosperous wealth,
O'Caoimh,547 branch of Gleannomhain.548

King of Ui-Liathain,549 hero of renown,

Hardy divisions of the battalion of Munster,

The head of the O Anamchadhas550 is its rightful chief,

A host of thin-edged arms of best nobility.

A fine tribe strong in pursuit

Is over Ui Mac Caille551 of the drinking ;

Two tribes are in the smooth plain,

The Ui Breaghdhas,552 and the fine O'Glaisins.553

Ciarraighe Chuirche554 of the bright harbour,
To the race of Torna555 this land belongs.
O'Cuirre obtained the warm land,
Of a level like the plain of Meath.

Over Cinel-Aedha556 of the warm land
Is O'Ceallachain557 of the plain of Bearra,558
A land of green pools with white bottoms ;
Land of widest harbours.

Ciiiel m-Bece559 of the land of cattle,

Around the Bandain560 of fair woods,

The most warlike man from the rapid Muaidh/'61

Is O'Mathghamhmv™2 of the harbour of white foam.

104 O iluiT)iiin.

£o piol Ltng'oech Idim pe
CC$ po me 05 t;piall rap Tx>pumn ;
Ceim rap an T>poins 111 T>U T>am,
CCcr DO pomn clu na ccupai).

0' h6iT)i|ifceoil, diffOfti an puinn,
CC|i Coyica iai5T>e laBjiinni,
Seatt5 afi chuan Cleiyie T>O chtnfi,
ieiT>e T>on

tli plomn CC|tT)a af lift pioT»ach,
bui^ean af ^eat gemiolach ;
Ha -oanina ^ac pean. T>a ppem,

Ri an 'Cftiocha me-oonai^
O' Co^hai^ an chuam
"Ponn Clio'&na, clan. 11 1
bioT)t)a fan

bdifie an
T)o clannaip
O'bdi|\e an. rip, na rtnnne,
Ca haille min TYlanamne?

bit,

CCp an m-befin-a an BuifiT)
Cuan baoi pan n^lap Imn
fan ^naoi paipfing pion

CCfi cuina ctoiiToe
1p ponn T>iteap T)eapmuinineach,
pd^Bani ponn lorha tule,
Cpiocha na ccoll ccnofiui'oe.

O'HUIDHRIN. 105

To the race of Lughaidh563 near the sea,
Here I pass over the boundary ;
It behoves me not to pass these people by,
But to detail the renown of the heroes.

O'h-Eidirsceoil,564 chief king of the land,

Of Corca Laighdhe565 I speak,

He assumed possession over the harbour of Clear,566

The most tranquil pillar of the kings.

The O'Floinns of Arda567 of green woods,

A tribe of illustrious genealogy ;

Every man of their host is the material of a chief ;

These are the Ui-Baghamhna/'68

King of the vigorous Tricha medhonach569
Is O'Cobhthaigh570 of the white-stone harbour ;
Land of Cliodhna,571 plain of O'Cobhthaigh,
Foe in battle to foreigners.

Muintir-Bhaire572 of the fair fort,
Of the race of the warlike Fothadh ;573
O'Baire574 is over this land of the sea ;
Is the plain of Manainn575 fairer ?

O'h-Eidirsceoil of Bearra,576 the good,

Over Bearra of the salmon-full border ;

The harbour of Baoi,577 at which the branching sea is green,

Is under his extensive fleet of wine.

After treating of the race of Lughaidh,578
And the proper land of Desmond,
Let us leave entirely the land of Ith,579
Territories of yellow hazel nuts.

106 Olluif

tMT>fiin.

Clann sSealBais na pfteaB polap,
"Ponn ap. nac Bpuil ariiopup ;
O'T)oinnaill ip a larh lonn
T)o corhn.omn an clap cno-T>onn.

O'Tkmncha'oa toclicc Lem,
0"DonnchaT>a 6'n pleif
CCfi clomn T:BealBai|; pn mafi
fa rneamaiirt aft TTltiriiain.

^lan nac larhaft T>O lemi
ig cneif|aeif> ;
tl \ plomn tua mun Laoi
Cftomn cq- nua

O'bece, bite an Ban pu inn,
CC|i beaiTD^iai^i bdfifi-dltnnn,
Pian left T)eayit5iifa pn'orh ^la
T)o fiol "P

tli Gxxchach latrhaii banBa,

nac pan ponn,
CCp paijipm^ an clan. cno-T>onn.

CCop CCij^De an onlain. eli:ai|;

an mac O'TTltiiftceafirai^,
^lan po pie ^lap bcnn,
T)o ^ab e O'lliomapBdm.

ei p cara clain. bftome,
T>O clomn Con 01 fie,
pan bftea^ 6 Tulai^: an

TTIuniam na pfteap pndidiniin.

O'HUIDHRIN. 107

Clann tSealbhaigh580 of the bright streams,
A land of which there is no doubt ;
O'Domhnaill and his strong hand
Divided the plain of brown nuts.

O'Donnchadha of Loch Lein,581
O'Donnchadha of the full, strong Flesc,582
Are thus over the Clann tSealbhaigh,

Men whose mind is on [the sovereignty of] Munster.583

*

A fine land which we dare not pass over
O'Ceithearnaigh, the smooth-skinned, obtained ;
Ui-Floinn584 of Lua, about the far extending Laoi,
Scions of fresh aspect, like their fathers.

O'Bece,585 scion of fair land,
Is over Beanntraighe586 of the fair summit,
A host to whom high deeds are truly easy,
Of the race of Fergus of Uladh.587

Ui-Eachach588 of the west of Banba,
Is the great patrimony of O'Mathghamlma,589
Land of fair mounds, irriguous, not undulating,
That plain of brown nuts is extensive.

Aos Ais-de590 of the flock-abounding plain
The hero O'Muircheartaigh has obtained,
A fine land with green aspect,
O'h-Imhasbhain591 has acquired.

After the tribes of the plain of the keels,

I speak of the race of Conaire,592

A tribe of the heroes of Breagh, from Tulach-an-Trir,593

In Munster, of the smooth flowing streams.

108 O'tltntfiin.

T>on

"Do Cojica T)uiBne T>uafrri6in.;
Latham foifi co
T)a

Sen cpich tJa nT)tnt5ne an
O^ea^ha if 0'pcoU5e an -peafi,
8eala aifinie na

O'Con^aile na ccloi'oeam plim,
CCft TTIa^h qiaoiBleafach 0 cComchmT),
bile colt nrmmmeach nT>ualach,
ponn TTliiinineach

0 TDam^ payi af T)UT:haiT) T>OI^>;

peayi co

^an fen a, ni d|\
O'Sega 1115 O'Ra^hoch.

T)o fiol Conaiyie an

T>an paitnge an 5^1 an glan,
CCfi pia'D mainline TDtinian.

TTItifC|iai^e tTlinne moft

0 "Plomn, ceaftt: a cat;hflo£ ;

T>O cafiai
O TTlaoilpaBail tiififieifi.

0'hCCoT)a T>O bionT) ba,
rnufcn.ai£e learan
Pne slan puinn an
1mon CCBamn

O'HUIDHEIN. 109

In the west, let us give first place to the host,
Of Corca Duibhne,594 of great bounty ;
Let us speak of the east as far as the streamy Siuir,
Of every fresh plain of fine cattle.

Three sub-chiefs are hereditary to them,
The old land of Ui Duibhne of good hosts,
O'Seagha595 and O'Failbhe the man,
Seal of reckoning the districts.

O'Conghaile596 of the slender swords,

Over the bushy-forted Magh O'gCoinchinn ;597

A hazel tree of branching ringlets,

In the Munster plain of horse-hosts.

From the Maing westwards is hereditary to them ;
O'Failbhe598 is owner so far as Fionntraigh ;
O'Seagha has obtained, without denial,
A country not wretched ; he is king of Ui-Rathach.599

Of the race of Conaire the hero

Let us speak, of the chiefs of Muscraighe,600

A host whose seat is the fine land,

The land of Mairtine601 of Munster.

Muscraighe Mitine602 the great
O'Floinn obtained, just is his battle-host ;
A valiant array who obtain sway,
O'Maolfabhaill is over it.

O hAodha,603 who bestowed cows, has got
The wide Muscraighe Luachra ;604
A tribe of fine land and high renown,
About the salmon-full Abhainn mor.

110

Cfiioc 0 nT)onn 050:1 n, 7>eafiB T>I
TTltifccfiaige T^H rnop, rnai|i;e,
Le flu 05 an laficnnn
Cuan an ^nanpumn

'Cucrch Saxan an oifiiti t111T1

CCf T>' O'lonrhamen

'Cift cuanT>a pf

rniyi cyiua-oa clann Conin|ie

qrien,

"Dual T)' 0'Cui|ic a huchr piyien ;
O'TTlaoilbto|ain
T)o eoham an

CHIT) o' ^Cap,-chai|, af

na mbixaiTotiB p ani co pe,
Kli fid-o af an-oani ui|ire.

CCfi TYlufcn-ai^e d|ie re
"Da tufiyn^ if pe|i|i uaifle;

T)a r|iioca ceT), curhamn bnn,
CCn T)a Cofica blai^ baifcmT),

T)oninaill af T>ual T>
|\e comjiomn na cfiichi.

ele an pinnn
"Uafat ^fiian a
O'baifcmT) an bile of b
^ on 61 1.

O'HUIDHIUN. 1 1 i

The territory of O'Donnagain, certainly
Is the great Muscraighe of Three Plains,605
With the host of the flock-abounding larann,606
Host of the sunny land of vowed deeds.

Tuath-Saxan607 of the fair district,

I mention for O'h-Ionmhainen ;

A beautiful territory of abundant crops,

A hardy section of the race of Conaire.608

Muscraighe Treithirne609 the mighty
Is hereditary to O'Cuirc, as a just man ;
O'Maoilbloghain,610 important in the territory,
Has tilled the land of fine sods.

O'Carthaigh's611 just share,
Is Muscraighe612 of the west of Feimhin ;
Fort of the chessmen, hitherto pleasant,
A saying not seldom said of it.

Over Muscraighe-tire613 the warm

Are two dynasts of best nobility ;

O'Donghalaigh614 and O'Fuirg also,615

Of the fresh plains of the flowery smooth border.

Two cantreds, we remember,

The two flowery Corca-Baiscinns,616

Which are hereditary to the Muinter Domhnaill ;617

A host who divide the territory.

Another sub-king of this land of flocks,
Sun-bright is his genealogy,
O'Baiscinn,618 tree over the Boinn,619
A tribe who traverse every hosting.

112 Olltntfim.

plai£ 0 mbfiaedin na rnbpat; ppoil,
'Caoipioch pa rponrma ci on 61 1,
0 TH aotcopcpa pa clu mean.,
0 bpu-ochra an T>a

T)a rhuai£ an Pochla tnte,
"Do clomn cftoT>a Conui|ie,
pa chuan mbfiaonniui^e, ni bftecc,
a

fiol Conui^e Cbach,
) en.n a na n-oi^pcicrc,
ayi n-uchT; a]i pem peafi^
CCp ceim a h-ucr peicheaninaip.

Hi Ciafi^aile op clannaip
O'Concopaip, coip T>oipem,
Cete claifi an mio'Dptnnn
On r:fidi§ co SionamT)

O'Lao^am, laoch pa atla'D,
CCp, Uib peaftba puaftamafi,
O'Cai^neanT>ai5 ptiain. an ponn,

pa cai£Beannai15 Cualann.

11 1 plan nan am, teaman a ponn,
'Gin. name ap aille ppe^onn,
O'TJuB-Dum ap an rip re
Pa pi£, ip a tMT>h tuppe.

mle

T)a pi^h an claip Ciap.p.ai%e,
Pme ap pei'oe 1 mbapp. m-bpuiT)e,
ip clann Conuipe.

O'HUIDHRIN. 113

The chief of Ui-Bracain620 of satin cloaks,
Chieftain of heavy hosting,
O'Maolcorcra621 of fast fame,
Of the margin of the two inbhers.622

The two septs of aU the Fochla,623

Of the brave race of Conaire,

About the harbour of the moist plain, no falsehood,

Hereditary to O'Ceallaigh624 to guard them.

Let us leave the race of Conaire of Cliach,625
Kings of Ernai626 of golden shields ;
Let us turn our breast to the race of Fergus,
It is a step due as a just debt.

627

King of Ciarraighe628 over the clans of Ciar,
O'Conchobhair,629 it is right for him so to be,
Chief of the mede-abounding land,
From the strand630 to the fair-streamed Sionainn.

O'Laoghain,631 hero of renown,
Over Ui-Fearba632 we have found ;
O'Caithneannaigh633 obtained the land,
Hard under the battle-peaks of Cualann.634

Ui-Flanannain, extensive the land,

A great land of delightful streams,

O'Duibhduin635 is over the warm land,

He is its king, and his attention is upon [improving] it.

All the Alltraighe036 return

Two kings of the plain of Ciarraighe,

A tribe which is ready in the point of difficulty,

O'Neidhe637 and the Clann-Conaire.638

I

114 O'tltM'&fv

in.

TYlumnp Thocolla ap T>ual 7>6it5
CopcurnpuaT) na caoip ca£ploi|;,
0 TYlaoileing pa pal pop,
Nap. ein^h 7>iall pe T>u£chop.

Ma pum-D mi Sbat5 6ipi pin-o,
CCfi Cenel §eT)na ppui^iiro
"pine T>O T)luT:hai5 T)ia riT)|ieiTn,
CCp

a ceT> peap n-CCp'oa an 61 p,
Copcumfiua'D na ccaoip, ccacploi^,
O'ConcuBaip puaip. an ponn,
Wa pT:uaig on Conaig atamn.

0 Loclainn, taoch op car;haip,

Op Ooipmn bins

Op 'CeataiJ Ctnpc t:pe

CCn ptnpr;

"Oat TTIea'Dhpuai'D, macpaiT> TTlaclia,

Uaipte naiT) na h dp'op

TTlailte pe pliocc Ceip

Op pem cmoct; na cair leoniam.

0 Clamn "Cail nonni:ai'5eam piap
Co coi^ea'b cloinT>e TTlaicnia'D,
On poip po cmT> ap Cpuacam
CCp coip pmn co pean Luachuaip.

TTlin na Luacpa dp copaiT>,
Le h-Ua nT)uapac n"OunoT)hai5,
"Ma haicmea'&a ap cpuaT) cai:ha,
Cuam bpan^eala bpaonacha.

O'HUIDHRIN. 115

To Muintir Diocholla is due
Corcumruadh639 of the fiery battle hosts,
O'Maoileitigh of hospitable seat,
Who have not refused to contest their right.

The lands around fair Sliabh Eisi
In the sweet streamed Cinel-Sedna,
A tribe who have cemented their people ;
Of their country is O'Draighnen.

The cantred of Feara Arda640 of gold,
Corcumruadh of the fiery battle hosts,
O'Conchobhair641 obtained the land,
The hills of beautiful Conach.642

O'Lochlainn,643 hero over battalions,

Is over the soft drop-scattering Boirinn,644

Over Tealach Chuirc645 by right,

Of the cattle and wealth-abounding port.

Dal Meadhruaidh,646 hosts of Macha,
Nobler than the high chieftains,
Together with the race of musical Ciar,647
Are over the knightly host of embattled lions.

From the race of Tal648 turn we westwards649
To the province of the race of Maicniadh,
From the host who prevailed over Cruachan650
'Tis right to proceed to old Luachair.651

The plain of Luachair,652 land of produce,
Belongs to the beautiful O'Dunadhaigh,653
Tribes of hardy battle,
A fair-surfaced moist district.

12

116 Oil tut]

nn.

O'TJormchccDCc Loch a Lem
Hi aji eoganacr eifem,
0'Cean.t5aill an. ccafia fin,
CCn sealEtnn ran a

O'Caoim 50 ccectfic rtiala nmnnn,

tlfiluacyia af uyi -pochumn,
T>o rhcrchcn|; an cifi re,
T)o gncrchaig mayi min

O'Ceattacdm an cnif

T)o fiol Ceattacham

P|i T>a|i bum^ ctnle

Of coitl T)tnBe T>ean.cnornai|;.

6 aBamn Gtla
raft ^leann §atcam
ponn ^an cetr cnuafaig caoini,
TTIeic n-uafail n-CCrhtaoit).

map T)tJt:hai'D cldft Chtnjic,
Oalla an ofildifi ofvohtnn-c.
bile ^ecc banBa an chuil caif,
0 'Ce'D^amna "D'tim "Ounlaif.

'Ciccem raft Luachaifi ale,
1men.ce af oiyicef T)' exe,
^Uf an cClaon^laif -ppuaifi
CCn cuam bfiaon^laif

h-Ui Conaill ear;ha TH^man,
T:oifiT:eamail an ^lomftiga'b,
f nach T)tial
cairpea'bnach 0' cCtnlem.

O'HUIDHRIN. 117

O'Donnchadha654 of Loch Lein
King of Eoghanacht is he,
O'Cearbhaill655 who is our friend,
Hawk of the sept of the white strand.

O'Caoimh656 of the just, brown brow,
Lord of Urluachair of fresh pasturage,
A man who united the warm country,
Which is constantly like the plain of Meath.

O'Ceallachain657 of the fair skin,
Of the race of Ceallachan of Caisel,
Men for whom a flood of fruit burst forth
Over the dark nut-bearing wood.

Far from the bounteous river Ella,6S8
To the west of Gleann Salchain659 of smooth rods,
Is a fine land without concealment of fair nuts,
It is the land of the noble Mac Amhlaoibh.660

A patrimony of the plain of Core,

Aes-Ealla of the famous level floor,

Belongs to this stately scion of Banba of curling hair,

To O'Tedgamhna661 of Dun Durlais.662

Let us proceed across Luachair663 hitner,
A journey which is fit for poets,
To the cold and festive Qlaonghlais
Of the green, irriguous, wooded land.

The Ui-Conaill664 of the battalion of Munster,
Multitudinous is the gathering>
A great tribe, with whom it is not usual to contend,
Are the battle-trooped host of the O'Coilens.66*

118 0'htMf>fllTl.

0'billn.aiT>e T)O ftn.on'oa'o ba,
CC|i Uh15 Conaill gin fit; ^aBfi
Hi pififimne na ppon ngtan,
Ha mi n singe af qaom

THac 1nT>efti5, laoch na leacc,
CC|i Coyica miolla
Plan ^fiea^ T>O ^ndr T>O
TTla|i ^eal bla^c m

Cofica Oice af dlamn pi'D,
Cyiioch bfian^eal af
"pean-ann caoni T>
Pan mean, maoil td TTlacafa.

T)o ^a^ O'eaii^a an Bfiuam 51 1
O'Hofa af fieim faiT>t!)ifi,

Caonfiai^e af caoni fonn>
0 TTIaol c|iaoBuiT>e callann.

T)al Cai|ibn.e 6Ba am,
T)o |iio§ai^ Caifi
Pa buan a rayiBa T>on
CCn fT:ua§ 0-calma, Cleficin.

T)uat T> 0>toOonnal5din

CCn cifi fi, na ri

pa leif ^an ciof fon

1f na ctdtn. fiof co §ionomn.

CCme an pumn re,
0* Ciafithaic ctim^ na cn,ice,
"Cifi af dille pfienia f umn,
\\\ Oni)a CCme CCulmm.

O'HUIDHRIN. 119

O'Billraidhe666 who used to bestow cows,
Over Ui-ConaiU of the field of Gabhra,
King of truth of fair lands,
The smooth dells of heavy fruit.

Mac Innerigh,667 hero of gems,

Over the mellow Corca Muicheat,668

A fine host who constantly ramify

Like the white blossom of the branching apple tree.

Corca Oiche669 of beautiful wood,

A fair-surfaced territory of fresh inbhers,

A fair land of best showers,

Under the vigorous hero, O'Macasa.

O'Bearga of the fair mansion obtained
The cantred of Ui-Rossa670 of rich course ;
The hero of Caonraighe671 of fair land
Is O'Maolcallann672 of branches.

The share of the noble Dal Cairbre Ebha,673
Of the kings of Caisel of white wattles,
Lasting is his profit of the land,
The brave pillar O'Cleirchin.674

Hereditary to O'Donnabhain675 of Dun Cuirc676

Is this land, as a land of encampment ;

To him, without tribute, belonged [the land] along the sluggish

Maigh,677
And the plains down to the Sionainn.678

Eoghanacht Aine679 of warm land,
O'Ciarmhaic680 is prop of the territory,
Territory of fairest root-lands,
Ui-Endaf'81 of Aine-Aulum/'82

120 O'tltn-Ofun.

0 StnlleMm nap chap cpa-o,
CC|i Ooganacht; moip TTluTTicm ;
pa Cnoc Raponn puaip na pinnn,
lap rnbuaii) cccrctcmn ip coniluinn.

0 Guile T>O chofainblaT)h
CC|i Bo^anact: peil CCficroh ;
CCji paT> an CColrhai^e
O'Caollai^e an pal

llaine a ^eaniafi, ^laf a
Ooghanact: Cliche
CCoiBmuf cuan an claip. lear:hain,
T)ual T>O "oaini 0' n-T)umeachai|i.

te h-Ua TTleft^'Da an cfiioch map. CIMT>
Go^anachr: 0

a chctfin miolla TTIii§aine.

maoilmnn 6 T)un cCaif
CCyi Oo^anacr; am 1n-oaif
"Ofion^ aiyimeach 05 quail cap rumn,
CCn pan ai pleach a h-6achT)puim.

Bo^anachc $pian

Ponn ap curnpa coppaBla,

TTlin'D ^ach baiin^pachra co mblai),

T)' Ua Chm-D-apmcopcpa,

Ptiaip OCep 5peme an ^lan-ptnnn pi,
O'Conam^; cpice 8ainpl,
Oa leip pom en m im St16111 S^0111>
0 peim oipeag-oa 60501 n.

O'HUIDHRIN. 121

O'Suilleabhain,683 who loved not oppression,
Over the great Eoghanact of Munster ;
Under Cnoc Rafonn he obtained the lands,
After gaining battles and conflicts.

O'Cuile, who defended fame,
Over the generous Eoghanacht Aradh ;G84
Over the land of fair Aolmhagh685
O'Caollaighe is the brave hospitable man.

Green its braird, green its mounds,
Eoghanacht of Crich Cathbhuidh ;686
Delightful the land of the broad plain,
It is hereditary to the host of O'Duineachair.087

To O'Mergdha belong as his share
The smooth Eoghanacht of Ross-arguid,688
He is lord of every hill of fairy sprites
About the beauteous Carn Mughaine.689

The Siol-Maoilduin690 of Dun gCais
Is over the noble Eoghanacht Indais,
An armed people passing over the waves,
The flock-abounding people of Eachdruim.691

Eoghanacht of the sunny field of Gabhra/192

Land of sweetest, smooth-round apples,

The gem of each female band of fame,

To O'Cinnf haeladh693 of red weapons [it belongs].

Aes-Greine694 of the fine bright land was obtained
By O'Conaing695 of the territory of Saingel,696
He possessed a cheery land around fair Grian/'97
From his noble descent from Eoghan.

122 Oil

tnT)fiiTi.

Lat5fiam T>O clomn Coftprnaic Caip,
T3fiiallom cafi 81 on am n ffiu££laif
0 pem Chinfic afi pb^e fluim>,
Co pine Ltnjic an lochjunnn.

CCn T)eif be^ an
T)UT;hai'D T>on pem
taoch|iai'D Ctchfie ^a tuaT> linn
On chuan a aille T)'

1' haicmea-oa af ayiT)
CCfi an T)eif mbicc

"Pine lionrhtMfi O'Luam.

td T)uiBp,ofa na 111105
Hi 1poiticheallai| £01-0
1f p|i c|io an aicme eile
On mo maicne TTIai|iT:ine.

T)al cCaif a carhaiB
CCi^eT) echra, if ammaille
0|i a|i na ^ofiaT* co ^lan ;
Hi polarri an

"Cele ^ac ryuarh na Tmai£
T)o T)al cCaip, c|iof>a an
Pfi le r|iom a^ T>O loi§ bnn,
0 Collan oii co

rof ach ^an
T)on r:|iicha dfi
T)' 0'T)eaT>ai^ ap T>ual an ponn,
na ccuan ccno T>onn.

O'HUIDHRIN. 123

Let us speak of the race of Cormac Gas,698
Let us pass across the Sionainn of green waves,
From the sept of Core, point out our way,
To the tribe of Lore of the lamp.699

The Deis Beg700 of the purple cloak
Is hereditary to the valorous tribe,
The heroes of Claire701 mentioned by us,
Of the fairest bay of Erin.

Three septs of high hilarity

Are over Deis Beag of trees,

Fair over the smooth plain of the house of Tal,

The populous tribe of O'Luain.702

The Ui-Duibhrosa703 of hot incursions,

The Ui-Faircheallaigh704 of the land of Claire,

True is the blood of the other tribe

By whom the tribe of the Mairtine705 were subdued.

The Dal gCais in the battalions of Claire

Have pure silver, and with it,

Gold purely smelted ;

The pleasant host are not indigent.

Each lord fits in his own territory ;

Of the Dal Cais, brave is the career ;

Men of great prosperity, who are mentioned by us,

From Collan706 eastwards to the Sionainn.

We give first place without violence

To the high upper cantred ;707

To O'Deadhaigh708 the land is due,

At Tealach709 of the plains of brown nuts.

124

T)' O'Chtnnn an qioiT>e nearh
TYhnnsin. paifipms 1pean.ndm,
"Gifi cofiaii) an 51 lie £lom
pa CojiaT) pinne pleach 01 ^h.

tli plai£jii, Ion. T>a niola'D,
peafionn fie huchr ponnchon.aT>h,
"Cift Ui Chacail nayi if £01 ft,
paT> min an achaiT) iot5n,oi%.

Cenel mbaiu, nac bea^ pme,

Ui fnaoilmea-oa pelmpl pnn,
CCn peaT>a i

"Do f^iol Oo§am oi|ii|i Cbach,
Ui Coyimaic af caom bdimcrc,
Leif o n-CCichiji an rin, ^e,
CC hai£§m min na Tlfli'De.

'Caoipch pa qaen m ^ac n§,
CCicme uapal T)' 1^ CCichi|i,
CCfi Hit) planncha-oa af pial
CCn pan an.m-£ana

, 7>fieach

CCfi TTIuinri|i ccaom
puaifi an t^aoi peach a
Le cfiuai'D cc|iaoipeac ccar;afiT>a.

T)o ^aB 0

Cenel T)tiapt5o5 THin^tnle,
CC ctnl<5 btmbuiT>e bleac^a,
iT) uyilin'oe oifieachra.

O'HUIDHRIN. 125

To O'Cuinn710 of the candid heart

Belongs the extensive Muintir-Ifearnaiii,711

The fruitful land of the fine youth

Lies round the festive Coradh-Finne. *

Ui Flaithri,712 enough praising it,

A land close to Fionnchoradh

Is the land of O'Cathail713 west and east,

Smooth land is this land of yew.

Cinel Baith, of no small land,

The fine tribe of Brentir,714

O'Maoilmeadha of the fair land,

His [are] the woods about the delightful Eidhneach.715

Of the race of Eoghan, of the region of Cliach,
The Ui Corbmaic716 of beautiful green land ;
To O'h Aichir belongs the warm land,
The plain of Meath is such another.

A dynast powerful in every house,

A noble sept of the Ui-Aichirs

Is over Ui Flannchadha717 of hospitable seats,

The thin-edged, illustrious host.

O'Duibhginn718 of the ruddy countenance,
Over the fair Muintir Connlochtaigh,719
The chief gained its emolument
By the strength of battle spears.

O'Grada720 took all
The bountiful Cinel Dunghaile,721
His yellow-hilted polished swords,
Weapons that slaughter meetings.

126

Rio£moifech na fiucrchafi nglan,
TTIac Conmafia 6 trims CObafi,
Cn.iocha na feT) rail a €ifi,
OCfi qaiocha ceT> cClann cCaifin.

Bin 05 O n-"Oot$ayicon
TTltnmnfi Li'oe'&a luaiT>im,
Clann Sinnill af fiat) fin
1nmll iaT> fief na

"Ponn Clomne

ace ro na reac,
pa -polT: lasBwDe bneach.

a 0 rn-bloiT) na mbfiarxxc

Cbach na cceajin
0 Tail co lai bnn
an

tdB Ceafinaig, cfioT>a an
Ui 6ch6i§efin -poiT) TTIaicma'D,
Cfiioch meanmnach pan npolla tiglan,
Co f eany^u^ Sion-oa f ulca|i.

0 Hon^aile af fiei-b ponn,
T)o fealB O'^ean chain fulco^i
CCn cifi -pa OiBbnn uile,
man. em 61115 ™in TTIaonmaige.

0'dnneiT)ig, c
(DCn. Jleann pun/pm^ fieiT> Om|ia,
i n-T)uinncuain,

O'HUIDHRIN. 127

Royal dynast of fine incursions
Is Mac Conmara722 of Magh-Adhair,723
The territories of wealth are his country ;
Is over the Cantred of Ui-gCaisin.724

The host of the O'Dobharchons, pleasant company,
Are the Muintir-Lideadha725 I mention,
These are the Clanns of Sinnell,
Ready are they with the nobles.

The land of the poetical Clann Dealbhaoith720
Is under O'Neill, chief of Fionnluaraigh ;727
The host of Tradraighe come into his house,
Of lank yellow-flowing tresses.

The cantred of O'm-Bloid728 of satin banners,
Kings of Cliach of embattled tribes,
The tribe of Ui-Tail, to the clear green stream,
Is throughout the wide yewy plain.

Over the Ui-Cearnaigh,729 of noble career,
Are the O'Echthigherns, of Maicniadh's730 land,
A spirited territory is under the fine youth,
To the bright old stream of Sionainn.

The wood of Ui-Ronghaile731 of cleared land,
O'Seanchain of the bright eyes possessed
The land about all Eibhlinn,
Like the fine smooth plain of Maonmagh.

O'Cinneidigh, who reddens the javelin,

Over the wide smooth Gleann-Omra,732

The race of our Donnchuan733 who, through valour,

Obtained the lands without dispute.

128

T)uin Ofiatfie,

0

CC puific mi bofitJTria mbil,
ma|i oji-urha

tl-tli Tx)ifin.T>ealt')ai5 n^he 'Gail,
Laini |ie Cill T)attia plan n dm ;
CCoiBmn a pT)h, pial a
O cha fin yiafi co

'Cucrch tHThni§ rnun 8ionamn
T)d moifeach tnyifie T)'eTiT:aoiB
O'Ca-ola if O'maitle meayi,
baT)Ba dille an T>a

-Ui CCmiftir, iat;h an
"Dual T>o T>ifitiin5 0'
CC ppa^hal rap, Cliach i ccemn,
m

O'CeT>paT)a an
CCfi qaiocha ceT> an Chalai'o,
CCof Cluana a^ T^dl ^a soga
Clap cuanna 05 O' cCeTypo7)a.

CCof cpi mtnge, min ^ach puinn,
"Oushai^ coclac Ui Conum^,
Clan, bpaoingeal ap f aop,
T)afi txxoBlean CpaoB

Caip ui|e
m

a cclti fa ccofnarh.

O'HUIDHRIN. 129

Muintir-Diubhraic734 of Dun-Braine,
Are chieftains of Tuath-0' gConghaile,735
Their forts are about the good Borumha ;736
Locks [of hair] like gold are upon them.

The Ui Toirdhealbhaigh737 of the house of Tal,
Near unto Flannan's Cilldalua ;738
Delightful its woods, generous its lands,
From that west to the Sionainn.

Tuath-Luimnigh739 about the noble Sionainn,
Two chiefs are over it on one side.
O'Cadhla and O'MaiUe, the swift, '
Beautiful ravens of the two inbhers.

Ui-Aimrit,740 land of hospitality,

Is hereditary to the sept of the O'Duibhidhirs ;

Their acquisition is far over Cliach ;

They are a branch in every ford.

O'Cedfadha, of the pure heart,
Is over the cantred of the Caladh ;741
The sept of Cluain, chosen by Tal,
The beautiful plain of O'Cedfadha.

Aos-tri-muighe,742 smoothest of plains,

Is the grassy territory of O'Conaing,

A bright watered plain, of noblest aspect,

By the meadowy side of Craobh Cumhraidhe.743

From the race of Cormac Gas, of the house of Tal,
We must henceforward depart ;
To approach the Uaithnes744 is meet for us,
Noble their fame and their defence.

K

130 O'tltii'&fini.

Of Uai£ne dfie an rof.ai7>,

Ceoch T)O cafi tnof, conaifi ;

I,oin5fi{5, IUOT na pponn,
coillfin fie hues

Cliach pa
1 T)'0a

n |ie caoB ^ac culdm,
Caom T)O chafi

of

T>fieac

"Do Bfiu^r an
"Do fig CCfuro ; ni he

T)o gaB ri|i im Cyiora Ctiaoh
Lon^acham, taoch

clap, ptua^ach funn,
tli Chuanach af ban bo^ ponn.

"Oo'n cfliocc ceT>nafa af coif fin,

Cldyi an rSeachrmai'o caoini
Pan ealrain f aoif.

T>a ccyiomai<c en a,
TTluinn|i CeajiBaitl ctdif thonyia,
Hi Ote co bla'&nna bmn
CCn ar)Ba af peile T>'eifim7>.

Ocht: cuara, ochr coificch caif ,

pa fii Ole an ptunT) eataig ;

Calm a an con.cjiai'oe 05 i:uafi cf each,

CCn

O'HUIDHRIN. 131

Over Uaithne-tire,745 of fruit,
Is Mag Ceoch,746 who loved great projects ;
Muintir Loingsigh,747 people of the lands,
In this wood at the breast of strangers.

Uaithne-Cliach,748 of bright green land,
Is the country of O'h-Ifearnain749 ;
Fine land at the side of each hillock,
Beautiful and loved by O'Cathalain.750

Chief king of Ara751 over every tribe,
O'Donnagain752 of the noble aspect ;
The territory yielded heavy produce
For the king of Ara ; it is not trifling.

A territory around Grota Cliach753 was acquired
By Mag-Longachain,754 a fair, gray hero ;
Lord of a populous plain is here,
Ui Cuanach755 of the green soft land,

Of this same race, and this is right,
Are Muintir-Duibhidhir,756 of white teeth,
Plain of Sechtmadh, of fair fences,
Is under the noble tribe in turn,

Lords to whom the nut-trees bend,

Are the Muintir-Cearbhaill757 of Biorra's plain,758

King of Eile759 to sweet Bladhma,

The most hospitable mansion in Erin.

Eight cantreds, eight chieftains east,
Under the king of Eile, of the land of cattle ;
Brave the host gathering a prey—
The host of yellow curling hair.

132 O'tltntfun.

O'plaiToactiin, taorhT>a a larh,
CC|i Cenel CCn^a lornlan,
T)o piol 'Gai'os mic Cem Cftioi
0 CCin.T>lic peil Oilelta.

Ctcnro Ruaitroe na ftoT> p^o^hac,

on
CCn Bjuicnch ochr;Bo[in pinpte

0'hCCeT>ha^din Cfuctie Cem,
CCft Ctoinn 1 on main en poiT>p.eiT>,
T3uar T>o Bp.ticT: pleaT>a cqi ^ac ponn,
Co nT)fiuchi; mecclcc aft ^ac mo^oll.

Clomne TTIaonai^
T)' 0'T)ti^lai5e af DU an t;ifi fin,
CftOT>a an luchr pea'bna an pne,
Tie IIUCT: btaT>ma

T^aoi peach Dan. cnoi^eal cfiomn
CC|i Ctoinn Comleccam cnuaip
8la^ bionfia T>on
TYlct^ 5iollap6il

Jlui T)eci an T)O5h^tia^ T)|itiimneach,
CCn ponn pain-pm^ pionn%tn§neach,
'Cip, T:o|iaiT> T>O T>tut;hai|:; T)di^,
T)UT:hai'D bunai'b tli bhanam.

T)o lionpar: co rfien an
Ui THeachaifi claioch 0 cCainin,
"Dfieam ba Bun bean.nam Ote ;
"Neanind[i|i cu|i a ccaiqaeime.

O'HUIDHRIN. 133

O'Flannagain, valiant his hand,

Over the whole of Cinel Farga,760

Of the race of Tadhg, son of Cian of Crinna,761

From the exalted, hospitable Lee Oilella.762

The Clann Ruainne,763 of the flowery roads,
A sweet, clear, smooth-streamed territory,
Mag Corcrain is of this well-peopled centred,
Of the white-breasted brink of banquets.

O'h-Aedhagain764 of Crich-Cein765
Over the smooth-sodded Clann-Ionmainen,766
A cantred which strewed banquets on every land,
With honied dew upon each pod.

The great cantred of the rapid Clann-Maenaigh,767
That country is hereditary to O'Dubhlaighe ;
The tribe are a fine tribe of leaders,
At the breast of the clear-streamed Bladhma.768

A chieftain for whom the trees yield fair nuts
Is over Clann Coinlegain,769 of heavy fruit,
Scion of Biorra of the Elian race,
Mag Gillaphoil of the fair seat.

Hui Deci,770 the good hilly cantred,
The extensive fair-mansioned land,
A land of fruit, strengthened by them,
Is the patrimony of O'Banain.

Mightily have they filled the land,

The O'Meachairs771 — the territory of Ui-Cairin,

A tribe at the foot of Bearnan-Eile ;772

It is no shame to celebrate their triumph.

134 O'tltii-Ofun.

pan.aU; na ppeT>

tli CCilche ipein,
Clan. pionnbu-uigneach rfiotn a qieb
Ulan. ponn ciofirn-ait5neac Txnlcenn.

Cofica 'One up,
Pa "Ofunm §ai teach
O'Carhail rafi each T>O chui|i,
Tie T:ar:h an achaiT>

6le T>efcoeifiT:, cam fie ceifiT>,
T)o fiot Oachach btucc
tionrha|i cuam if coll
CCn ponn

ii haicmea'oa af dlainn ponn,

bwone Tna|i blac n-a^olt,
'Cfii cfiaoBa ^an lochra |ie tmn,
CCji Copca CXlota ai|iTtiiTYi.

Tlui T)ineafrcai5 T>ur;hai^ •Bi,
Ui CCirnjur, cuing na cfiiche ;
'Ceaglac o r^uitlxen.
mea^|iach

d dfiT)aicme ele *oi,

iaT) an T)d atcme,
Pan san celi: — bpeaghTja an bui'bin —
Hi Ope rneafifi'Da, U

O'iugh'oac na lann
O'^pealdm na fp
CCi'bBfeac c|iiall cat;ha an
Pa piai> TYlacha a

O'HUIDHRIN. 135

Tuatha Faralt773 of the smooth woods,
That is the patrimony of O'Ailche,
A plain of fair mansions, powerful their tribe,
Like the land of Tailltenn of dried-up rivers.

Corca-Thine,774 which serves nobly
Under Druim Sailech,775 of the green carpet,
O'Cathail776 beyond all it has placed [as chief]
To unite the yewy land.

The southern Eile,777 mild to the poets,

Of the race of the generous Eochaidh Baillderg ;778

Populous its tribes, and its purple hazels,

The land which OTogarta779 has got. Let us travel.

Three tribes whose lands are delightful ;
Three tribes like the blossom of the apples ;
Three branches without fault in their time,
Over Corca Aela,780 I mention.

Ui Dineartaigh is the country
Of O'Aimrit, the mainstay of the territory ;
A household from which showers return,
The merry people of Midhasa.

Two other high tribes of it —

Noble are the two tribes ;

A soldiery without concealment — fine the troop —

The swift Ui Ere, the Ui Maoiluidhir.

The lord of Ui Lughdhach,781 of ancient swords,
Is O'Spealain782 of white spurs,
Majestic is the battle-march of the hero,
Increasing under the land of Macha.

NOTES

O'DUBHAGAIN'S TOPOGRAPHICAL POEM,

1 The three septs of Tuilen. — The language is here defective, it should
run thus: — "and the three septs of Tuilen, namely, the IJi-Maine, the
Cinel-Eochain, and the Britons; O'Muirchertaigh is Lord of Ui-Maine,
O'Modhairn over the Cinel-Eochain, and O'Domhnaill over the Britons."

2 Fodhla, one of the most ancient appellations of Ireland, being borrowed,
according to the Bardic historians, from a Tuatha De Danaun queen of
that name, who was living at the time of the Milesian or Scotic invasion.
See Ogygia, part iii. c. xv. Dr. Lynch translates this line,

** O Socii, pulchrae fines obeamus lernes."

3 Let the nobles of Erin proceed — Ireland was called Eire from a Tuatha
De Danann queen, who was, according to the Bardic accounts, contem-
porary with Fodhla, mentioned in the preceding note, and the reigning
queen when the sons of Milesius arrived from Spain to conquer the island.
O'Dubhagain here imagines himself summoning a royal convention of the
men of Erin to Teamhair or Tara, for the purpose of being described in
his poem. His language is rather abrupt and obscure, but it may be thus
paraphrased : " Let us proceed first of all to Tara ; let the princes and
chieftains meet us there that we may weave their names into our poem,
and thus transmit them to the latest posterity. ' No man shall be without
a patrimony,' i.e., every man's patrimony shall be declared and made
known in our verses. And when they assemble there, face to face, they
will each request of us to notice their families, and to celebrate their
nobility."

4 Teamhair, now Tara. It was the palace of the monarchs of Ireland,
from the earliest dawn of Irish history down to the reign of Diarmaid,
son of Fergus Cearbheoil, when it was deserted. See Petrie's Antiquities
of Tara Hill (Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, vol. xviii., p. 108).

5 Has not melted away. — That is, which has not withered away. From

B

ii O'DUBHAGAIN.

this it is clear that O'Dubhagaiu believed many ancient Irish families to
have dwindled into insignificance at the time he was writing. Many of
them had revived in his time — since Bruce's invasion of 1315, — but they
had been removed from their original territories.

6 O'Maeileachlainn, anglicised O'Melaghlin, and now corrupted to Mac
Loughlin. This family, which was the head of the south Hy-Niall race,
derived its name and lineage from Maelseachlainn, or Malachy II.,
monarch of Ireland, who died in the year 1022. The name Maelseach-
lainn signifies servant of Seachlann, or St. Secundinus, who was nephew
of St. Patrick, and patron saint of this great family. The present head of
this family is unknown. The late Con Mac Loughlin, of Dublin, was
of the race, but his pedigree was never made out. His relatives are still
extant, near Mullingar, in the county of Westmeath.

7 0 h-Airt, now Hart. After the English invasion this family was
banished from Tara, and settled in the barony of Carbury, in the county
of Sligo.

8 CfRiagain, now O'Regan, and more frequently Regan, without the
prefix 0'. This race was banished from Tara at the English invasion,
and is now found widely dispersed throughout Ireland.

9 O'Ceallaigh, or O'Kelly, now usually Kelly, without the prefix 0'.
This family was descended from Aedh Slaine, monarch of Ireland ; its
last representative was Congalach O'Kelly, lord of Bregia, who died A.D.
1292. The race was so dispersed and reduced in the seventeenth century,
that they could not be distinguished from the O'Kellys of other territories
and lineage. Connell Mageoghegan, chief of the sept of Lismoyny,
who translated the Annals of Clonmacnoise in 1627, gives the following
account of them under A.D. 778 : " Dermott Mac Kervell, king of Ireland,
had issue Hugh Slane,Colman More, and Column Begg. To the race of Hugh
was allotted Moy-Brey, extending from Dublin to Bealaghbrick, westerlie
of Kells ; and from the hill of Houthe to the mount of Sliew Fwayde, in
Ulster. There reigned of king Hugh his race, as monarchs of this king-
dom, nine kings, &c. There were many princes of Moy-Brey besides the
said kings, who behaved themselves as becomed them ; and because they
were nearer the invasions [i.e., the rallying point of the invaders] of the
land than other septs, they were sooner banished and brought lower than
others. The O'Kelly of Brey, was the chief of that race, though it hath
many other of bye-septs, which for brevity's sake I omit to particularize.
They are brought so low now-a-days that the best chroniclers in the

TRIBES OF MEATH. iii

kingdom are ignorant of their descents, though the O'Kellys are so com-
mon every where that it is unknown whether the dispersed parties in
Ireland of them be of the families of O'Kellys of Gonnaught, or Brey, that
scarcely one of the same family knoweth the name of his own great grand-
father, and are turned to be meere churles and poore labouring men, so as
scarce there is a few parishes in the kingdom but hath some one or other
of these Kellys, I mean of Brey," or Bregia.

10 O'Conghalaigh, now Conolly. A branch of this family remained in
Meath and in the present county of Monaghan, where the head of the
name became notorious in the year 1641.

11 Breagh, a large plain or level territory in East Meath, comprising
five cantreds. According to an old poem, quoted by Keating, it extended
northwards as far as the Casan, now the Annagassan stream, near Dun-
dalk, in the county of Louth.

12 (PRuaidhri. — This name (which is to be distinguished from Mac
Ruaidhri, anglicised Mac Rory and Rogers,) is now unknown, as are the
name and situation of the territory of Fionnfochla.

13 Crick na gCedach, i.e., the territory of the Cedachs, a sept descended
from Oilioll Cedach, son of Cathaoir M6r, monarch of Ireland in the second
century. This territory was formerly in Meath, but is now included in
the King's county. In the Black Book of the Exchequer of Ireland, and
in several Pipe Rolls in the reign of Edward III., it appears that this
territory, which in these records is called Crynagedagh, was charged with
royal services as lying within the county of Meath. It comprised the pre-
sent parish of Castlejordan, in the barony of Warrenstown, King's county,
adjoining the counties of Meath and Westmeath. See Inquisition taken
at Philipstown, 9th January, 1629, and Harris's Edition of Ware's Anti-
quities, chap, v.; Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1124, 1142, 1406, 1484.
The O'Follamhains of this race are to be distinguished from the O'Fallam-
hains or O'Fallons of Olann Uadach, in the county of Roscommon, with
which Colgan confounds it in his Acta SS.} pp. 138, 142.

Dr. Reeves has supplied the editor with the following notices of the
church of Crich na gCedach : —

"Ecclesia de Kirnegedach, valet x. mar. per an." — Taxatio circ. 1300.
" Rectoria de Grenegedah alias Kernekedah. Hsec parochia ita denomi-
natur a quodam Kedah O'Connor, qui olim erat dominus illius territorii.
Unam tantum habet ecclesiam vocatam ecclesiam de Gortantemple. Ec-
clesia impropriata erat Priori S. Trinitatis de Ballybogan." — Bp. A. Dop-
ping, Account of Meath Diocese (MS. Marsh's Library). See " Church

B 2

iv O'DUBH AGAIN.

of Crenegedgagh," Patent Rolls, Jac. I. p. 221 b. Also Leinster Inquis.,
Com. Regis. No. 18, Jac I. (1623); Book of Rights, p. 200; Battle of
Magh Rath, p. 243.

14 Laeghaire, otherwise Ui-Laeghaire. This territory comprised the
region around the town of Trim, in the county of Meath. It embraced
the greater part of the baronies of Upper and Lower Navan. O'Coin-
dealbhain, its chief, was the lineal descent of Laeghaire, monarch of
Ireland in St. Patrick's time. The name is now anglicised Kindellan,
Quinlan, and sometimes Conlan. See Miscellany of the Irish Archaeolo-
gical Society, p. 143; Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1171. The town-
land of Tullyard, in the barony of Upper Navan, and about two miles to
the north-east of Trim, was in this territory, and contained the chief
residence of O'Coindealbhain.

Dr. Reeves has communicated the following note : —

The Book of Armagh distinguishes between Laoghaire of Bregha and
Laoghaire of Meath : " Vadum Truim [Ath-Trym, now Trim] in finibus
Loiguiri Breg, IrngaD in finibus Loiguiri Midi," fol. 16 bb. See Vit. Tri-
part. S. Patricii, ii. 3, in Trias Thaum p. 1 29 b.

Castletown-Kindalen, or Vastiua, is a parish in barony of Moycashel,
Westmeath.

15 Luighne, now called in Irish Luibhne, and anglicised Lune, a barony
in the west of the county of Meath. The O'Braoins [O'Breens] of this
territory disappeared from history at an early period, the last mentioned
in the Annals of the Four Masters having died in the year 1201. They
are to be distinguished from the O'Breens of Breaghmhaine in Westmeath.

16 Ui-Macuais of Breagh. — This sept was situated to the south-west of
Tara, and occupied the barony of Moyfenrath in East Meath. The family
name of O'h-Aenghusa is now anglicised Hennessy. All traditions of the
ancient power of this family in Meath have long since died out.

17 Odtibha, a territory near Navan in East Meath, which appears to
have comprised the present barony of Skreen. The family of O'h-Aedha
has been scattered widely over East Meath and Monaghan. The name is
now usually anglicised Hughes. This sept is to be distinguished from
O'Heas of Ui-Fiachrach of Ardsratha, in Ulster.

18 Cnodkbha, now anglicised Knowth. The territory so called appears
to have been comprised in the barony of Upper Slane, in East Meath.
The name is now applied to a very ancient mound in the parish of Monk-
newtown. The family name of O'Dubhain is now anglicised O'Duane,
Dwan, Divan, and Downes.

TRIBES OF MEATH. V

19 O'h-Ainbheith, now anglicised Hanvey and Hanafy, without the
prefix 0'. Feara-Bile, now Farbill, is a barony in the county of West-
meath. See Annals of Four Masters, 1021, 1095. This family was dis-
possessed by Sir Hugh De Lacy. The poet takes a great leap here from
Cnodhbha at the Boyne, to Farbill in Westmeath, merely for the sake of
the rhyme.

20 Saithni. — This tribe descended from Glasradh, the second son of
Cormac Gaileng, son of Tadhg, son of Cian, son of Oilioll Olum, who was
king of Munster in the third century. They were a sub-section of the
people called Cianachta Breagh, and were seated in Fingal, in the east of
Bregia, to the north of the city of Dublin. See O'Flaherty's Ogygia,
part iii. c. 69. The O'Cathasaigh, now Casey, of this territory, was dis-
possessed by Sir Hugh De Lacy, who sold his lands. See Hibernia
Expugnata, lib. ii. c. 24, and Leabhar na gCeart, p. 187, note s. It
appears from Alan's Register that this territory was co-extensive with
the barony of Balrothery West, in the county of Dublin. The O'Caseys
of this race are to be distinguished from those of Liscannon, near Bruff, in
the county of Limerick, of whom, strange to say, is Edmond Henry Casey,
Esq., of Donahies, seated in a neighbouring barony to this very territory.
The Caseys of Saithni are, however, numerous in Meath, in Drogheda,
and in the city of Dublin.

Dr. Reeves has contributed the following note on this family: —
For the descent of O'Cathusaigh see M'Firbis, Geneal. MS. pp. 348, 353.
" Inter ipsa igitur operum suorum initialia, terras, quas Hugo de Lacy
alienaverat, terram videlicet Ocathesi, et alias quamplures ad regiam
mensam cum omni sollicitudine revocavit," i.e., Phil. Wigorniensis. Gir.
Cambr. Hib. Expug. ii. 24 (p. 799, ed. Camd.). The extent of Ocathesi's
country is ascertained from a composition between John Archbishop of
Dublin, and Galfridus Prior of Lanthony (Registruni Alani, fol. 110 a),
concerning the ecclesiastical rights of terra O'Kadesi, in which a partition
is made, and the Archbishop grants to the Prior the churches of Villa
Ogari [Garristown] cum capella de Palmerstown ; de Sancto Nemore in
Fincall [Holywood] ; capella terre Regredi alias Riredi, scilicet Grathelach
[the Grallagh] ; Ecclesia Ville Stephani de Cruys or Nalle [the Naul].

While the Prior granted to the Archbishop the churches de Villa
Macdun [Ballymadun], de terra Rogeri Waspaile [Westpalstown], de
Villa Radulphi Paslewe [Balscaddan], and the chapel Ricardi de la Felde.
Thus Ui Cathusaigh embraced Garristown, Palmerstown or Clonmethan,
Holywood, the Grallagh, Naul, Ballymadun, Westpalstown, and Balscad-

vi O'DUBHAGAIN.

dan, constituting the whole of Balrothery West, except Ballyboghil, which
had been otherwise disposed of. Therefore, we may say, 8airhne, i.e.,
Ui Catafai£ or Ocac?m=Balrothery West. This partition between the
two ecclesiastics arose out of their joint right to the whole tithes of the
territory; for King John, and after him Edward III., granted and con-
firmed to the Archbishop a " Medietas decimarum terra Okadesi de
Finagall," while the other " medietas" was reserved to the Priory of Lan-
thony, near Gloucester.

21 O'Leochain, now anglicised Loughan, and incorrectly translated
" Duck " The name of Gaileanga Mora or Great Gaileanga, of which
O'Leochain was chief, is still preserved in the barony of Mor-Gallion in
the north of the county of Meath ; but the ancient territory was more
extensive than the barony, for we learn from a Gloss to the Feilire Aen-
ghuis, at 13th of October, that the mountainous district of Sliabh Guaire
[Slieve Grorey], now a part of the barony of Clankee, in the county of
Cavan, originally belonged to Gaileanga.

22 Teallach-Modharain. — This tribe was seated in East Meath, probably
in the barony of South Moyfenrath. The name of O'Donnchadha, is
anglicised O'Donoghy or Dunphy, but the family who bear it are in ob-
scurity. The O'Donnchadha, or O'Donoghoes of Kerry, are of a different
race, and so are the Dunphys of Ossory.

23 Corca JRaeidhe, now the barony of Corcaree, in the county of West-
meath. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1185, p. 66, note n. See the
note on Korkureti of Adamnan, in Reeves's edition of the Vita S. Co-
lumbse, p. 89. The name O'hlonnradhain is now anglicised Henrion.
This family is descended from Fiacha Raoidhe, grandson of Feidhlimidh
Rechtmhar. See Ogygia, part iii. p. 69, and Mac Firbis, Genealogical
MS., p. 106.

24 Feara-Ceall, i.e., Viri cellarum seu potius ecclesiarum. This name was
long preserved in Fircal, a barony in the King's county, now known as
Eglish; but there is ample evidence to prove that Feara-ceall comprised
not only the modern barony of Eglish, but also the baronies of Ballycowan
and Ballyboy, in the same county. See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 180. The
present chief is unknown to the Editor. The head of the O'Maolmhuaidhs,
anglice O'Molloys, in 1585, was Council, son of Cahir, whose grandson
was chief in 1677. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1585, p. 1838.
Daniel Molloy, Esq., of Clonbela, near Birr, in the King's county, is tradi-
tionally considered the present senior representative of the family, but
the Editor does not know his pedigree.

TRIBES OF MEATH. VU

25 Feara-Tulach, i.e., Viri collium, now the barony of Fartullagh, in the
south-east of the county of Westmeath. The family of O'Dubhlaidh, now
Dooley, were driven from this territory by the Irish family of O'Melaghlin,
before the English invasion of Ireland, and they settled in Ely O'Carroll, in
the present King's county, where they are at this day very numerous.
See Annals of Four Masters, at the years 978, 1021, 1144, 1367. The
English family of Tyrrell obtained possession of Fartullagh soon after the
English invasion.

26 Dealbhna-mor, i.e., the Great Delvin, now the barony of Pelvin, in
the east of the county of Westmeath. The Dealbhna were descended
from Lughaidh Dealbhaedh, son of Gas, who was the ancestor of the Dal-
cais of Thomond. The descendants of this Lughaidh acquired seven ter-
ritories contiguous to each other and beyond the limits of Thomond, in
Meath and Connaught, viz , Dealbhna Mor, the territory here referred to,
Dealbhna Beg, i.e., the small, Dealbhna Eathra, and Dealbhna Teann-
maighe, in Meath ; Dealbhna Nuadhat, between the rivers Suck and
Shannon, Dealbhna Cuilefabhair, and Dealbhna Feadha, in Connaught.
Sigdy, the great-grandson of this Lughaidb, had two sons, Treon, the
ancestor of Mac Coghlan, chief of Dealbhna Eathra, and Lughaidh, the
ancestor of O'Finnallain, now Fenelon. The last of this family who had
possession of Dealbhna-mor was Ceallach O'Finnallain, who is mentioned
in the Annals of the Four Masters at the year 1174. They were dispos-
sessed soon after by Sir Hugh de Lacy, who granted their territory to
Gilbert Nugent, ancestor of the Marquis of Westmeath, and the family
have been for many centuries in obscurity and poverty. See Ogygia,
part iii. c. 82, and Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1174, note w.

27 The Brugh. — This was Brugh na Boinne, on the river Boyne, near
Stackallan. Dr. Lynch makes O'Maollughach of this place to be the same
as the family called O'Mulledy in his time, but this is evidently an error.

28 Dealbhna Eathra. — This territory comprised the entire of the present
barony of Garrycastle, in the King's county, except the parish of Lusmagh,
which belonged to Sil-Anamchy. The family of Mag Cochlain retained
their territory till they became extinct in the beginning of this century,
when they were succeeded by the O'Dalys and Armstrongs, descended
from female branches. The last chief of the name was locally called the
Maw, that word being a diastole or lengthening of the prefix Mac. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1178, 1572, and 1601 ; and also De Burgo's
Hibernia Dominicana, p. 305; Ogygia, part iii. c. 82.

viii O'DUBHAGAIN.

29 Cuircne, now the barony of Kilkenny West, in the county of West-
meath; hat the name of O'Tolairg is now unknown. Shortly after the
English invasion this territory was wrested from the O'Tolairgs, and
became the patrimonial inheritance of the Anglo-Norman family of Dillon,
for whom the Irish bards attempted to make an Irish pedigree, which is
given in all the modern peerages.

30 Cinel-Fiachach, usually anglicised Kenaliaghe in Anglo-Irish docu-
ments. The territory of the Cinel-Fiachach, Mageoghegan's country, ori-
ginally extended from Birr, in the present King's county, to the hill of
Uisnech, in Westmeath ; but subsequently the family of O'Molloy, who
were a junior branch of the Cinel-Fiachach, became independent of the
Mac Eochagains ; and the original territory of the Cinel-Fiachach was
divided into two parts, of which O'Molloy retained the southern portion,
and Macgeoghegan the northern, which preserved the original name of the
clan, and was considered co-extensive with the barony of Moycashel, in
the county of Westmeath. In an old map made in the year 1567, pub-
lished with the Third Part of the State Papers, the situation of Mageo-
ghegan's country is described as follows : —

" Me Eochagan's country, called Kenaliaghe, containeth in length xii
myles, and in breadth 7 myles. It lyeth midway between the ffort of
Faly (i.e. Philipstown) and Athlone, five myles distant from either of
them, and also five myles distant from Mollingare, which lyeth northward
of it. The said Mac Eochagan's country is of the countie of Westmeth,
situated in the upper end thereof bending towards the south part of the
said county; and on the other side, southward of it, is O'Moloye's country.
And on the south-east of it 4yeth OfFaley ; and on the east side joineth
Terrell's country, alias Ffertullagh. On the north side lyeth Dalton's
country, and O'Melaghlin's country on the west side, between it and Ath-
lone, wher a corner of it joyneth with Dillon's country."

The late Sir Richard Nagle inherited the property of the last chieftain
of this family, from whom he was maternally descended. Another branch
of this family, who latterly changed the name to O'Neill, was removed by
Cromwell to the castle of Bunowen, in the west of the county of Galway,
where they possessed a considerable tract of property, which was lately
sold under the Incumbered Estates' Court. The name is now usually
written Geoghegan without the Mac, and sometimes Gahagan and Gegan.
Richard Mageoghegan, who defended the castle of Duuboy in 1602; Con-
nell Mageoghegan, of Lismoyny, who translated the Annals of Clonmac-

TRIBES OF MEATH. ix

noise iu 1627 ; and the Abbe Mageoghegan, who published his Histoire
dlrlande, at Paris, in 1758, were of this family. See the Covenant between
the Fox and Mageoghegan, in the Miscellany of the Irish Archaeological
Society, vol. i., p. 183.

31 Sept of Enda — Cinel Enda was a small territory near the hill of
Uisnech, in Westmeath. Ogygia. part iii., c. 85. Mag Ruairc, the chief
of this territory, was descended from Enna Finn, youngest son of Niall of
the Nine Hostages, monarch of Ireland at the beginning of the fifth cen-
tury. The name Mag Ruairc is now unknown. The various families now
called Rourke, without the prefix of 0 or Mac, are believed to be of the
O'Rourkes of Breflney, but some of them may be of this family of Kinel-
Enda. See Miscellany of the Irish Archaeological Society, pp. 234, 287.

32 Tuath-Buadha. — The situation of this territory is now unknown.
The family name, O'Cairbre, still exists, and is anglicised Carbery.

33 Cinel-Aenghusa. — The exact situation of this tribe is unknown. The
name O'h-Eochadha is now anglicised Hoey and Hoy. In this form it is
very common in East Meath.

34 Decdbhna Beg, i.e., Little Delvin. This is supposed to be the barony
of Demi-Fore in East Meath. See Ogygia, part iii., c. 82. The surname
O'Maolcallann is now anglicised Mulholland. See Leabhar na gCeart,
p. 183.

35 Teathbha. — The name of this territory is generally latinized Teffia,
and anglicised Taffa, Teffa, and Teffa-land, by Connell Mageoghegan, in
his translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise. In St. Patrick's time,
TefBa was a large territory extending into the present counties of West-
meath and Longford, and divided by the river Eithne, now the Inny, into
two parts, north and south ; the former including the greater part of the
present county of Longford, and the latter the western half of the county
of Westmeath. Its chief lord, O'Cartharnaigh, descended from Maine,
fourth son of Niall of the Nine Hostages, afterwards took the name of
Sinnach or Fox, which is still retained. For many centuries, however,
the country of the O'Caharneys or Foxes was confined to one small barony,
namely, the district of Muinter-Tadhgain, which was formed into the
barony of Kilcoursey, and placed in the King's county. • See Patent Roll of
Chancery, 42 Eliz., and Covenant between, Mageoghegan and Fox, printed
in the Miscellany of the Irish Archaeological Society, p. 185. Darcy Fox,
Esq., of Foxville, in the county of Meath, is believed to be the head of this
family. The Foxes of Foxhall, in the county of Longford, are also of this

x O'DUBHAGAIN.

family, and descend from Sir Patrick Fox, who, as appears from the State
Papers, was Clerk to the Privy Council of Dublin from 1588 to 1610, and
one of the Commissioners for Inquiring into Defective Titles in 1607. His
son, Nathaniel Fox, is the ancestor of the family of Foxhall. See the
Miscellany of the Irish Archaeological Society, &c., pp. 188, 189, and
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1207, note z, p. 156.

36 Mag Cuinn, more usually O'Cuinn, anglicised O'Quin. This family
is to be distinguished from O'Quin of Muinter-Iffernan, in Thomond. The
territory of Muintir-Gilgain was distributed among the baronies of Ardagh,
Moydovv, and Shrule, in the county of Longford. The townlands of which
it consisted are specified in an inquisition taken at Ardagh on the 4th of
April, in the tenth year of the reign of James I., which found that thirty-
five small cartrons of Montergalgan then belonged to O'Ferrall Bane, and
seventeen one-half cartrons of like measure to O'Ferrall Boy's part of the
county of Longford. The O'Quins, now Quins, of this territory, have been
for many centuries living in poverty and obscurity in their native terri-
tory, and have lost all traditions of their former greatness.

37 O'Confiacla. — This name is now obsolete, and no anglicised form of
it has been yet identified.

38 #' Lachtnain, now usually Loughnan ; but some families have changed
it to Loftus, while others have made it O'Loughlin and MacLoughlin.
This family has been several centuries in obscurity.

39 O'Muireagan, now usually anglicised Morgan. The family sunk
into obscurity soon after the English invasion.

40 Well have they ordained the seasons, i.e., by their righteous govern-
ments. It was the belief among the ancient Irish, that when righteous
princes reigned, the seasons were genial and the fruits of the earth grew
in great abundance. See Battle of Magh Rath, p. 100, note c, and Trans-
actions of the Gaelic Society of Dublin, vol. i., pp. 12, 13.

41 Comar, i.e., the confluence. This was probably the territory around
the Comar of Clonard, where the stream called the Blackwater falls into the
river Boyne. The O'Flannagans of this territory, who were sometimes
lords of all Teffia, are now unknown. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D.
1034, 1153. They are to be distinguished from various other O'Flanna-
gans seated in different parts ofJreland.

42 Breaghmhaine, now the barony of Brawney, in the west of the county
of Westmeath. The O'Breens of this territory are still respectable, but
they have latterly changed the anglicised form of the name to O'Brien.

TRIBES OF MEATH. xi

43 Mac Conmeadha, now anglicised Mac Namee ; but the family have
been long dispersed. The situation of the territory of Muinter-Laedha-
cain is not determined.

44 Mag Aedha, now anglicised Magee. The exact situation of Muinter-
Tlainain has not been ascertained.

45 Mac Taidhg, now usually anglicised Mac Teige, and changed by some
to Montague. The exact situation of Muinter-Siorthachain remains to
be found out.

46 Calraighe, anglicised Calry. This name is still retained and applied
to a territory co-extensive with the parish of Ballyloughloe, in the barony
of Clonlonan, county of Westmeath. Ballyloughloe was for many centu-
ries the chief seat of Magawley, chief of Oalry-an-chala. See Annals of
Four Masters, p. 1095. The lands belonging to the different members of
this family in the seventeenth century are described in an inquisition
taken at Mullingar on the 14th of April, 1635, and in another taken on
the 14th of May, in the 27th year of Charles II. The Editor examined
this territory in the year 1837, and took notes of the following particu-
lars, which are perhaps worth preserving : —

1. The lake from which Ballyloughloe derived its name, now nearly
dried up. 2. Magawley's Castle, of which only one vault remains. 3.
Dun-Egan Castle, a mere ruin, situated to the east of the village of Bally-
long. 4. The site of a small abbey, near Magawley's Castle. 5. Ruins
of a small chapel, near the modern church. 6. A conspicuous green moat
of great antiquity. 7. The castle of Carn. 8. The castle of Creeve. 9.
The castle of Cloghmareschall. 10. The castle of Moydrum.

The Magawleys of this district are to be distinguished from the Mac
Awleys of Fermanagh, and also from those of the county of Cork, who are
of a totally different race and even name from those of Calry. The late
Count Magawley ofFrankford, in the King's county, was the last chief of
this family that lived in Ireland.

47 Muinttr-Maoilsionna. — O'Flaherty places this tribe in the territory of
Cuircnia, now the barony of Kilkenny West. See Ogygia, part iii., c.
85. Their ancestor was called Maeltsinna, i.e., chief of the Shannon,
from the situation of his territory near the river Shannon. The name
Mac Carrghamhna is now usually anglicised Mac Carron or Mac Carroon.
Council Mageoghegan, renders it Mac Carhon, in his translation of the An-
nals of Clonmacnoise. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1182, note k.

48 Corca-Adhamh, sometimes called Corca Adain. This territory

Xll O DUBHAGAIN.

adjoined the barony of Corcaree in the county of Westmeath, and is
included in the present barony of Magheradernon. The name O'Dalaigh
is now anglicised O'Daly, but more generally Daly. The family is of the
race of Maine, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages. Shortly after the English
invasion, this family, who followed the poetic or bardic profession, became
dispersed, and were seated in several parts of Ireland. See Tribes of
Ireland, pp. 1 to 15. Mr. Owen Daly, of Mornington, in the barony of
Corkaree, was believed to be the senior of the O'Dalys of Westmeath. Of
this family was the famous poet, Donough Mor O'Daly of Finnyvara, in
the barony of Burren and county of Clare. His descendants removed to
Hy Many, in the latter part of the fifteenth century, where they acquired
considerable property after the Revolution of 1688. Even before that
period, the head of this branch of Hy-Maiiy, Denis Daly of Carrownekelly,
Esq., in the county of Galway, was second Justice of the Court of Com-
mon Pleas, and a Privy Councillor in the reign of James II. " He con-
tinued," says Lodge, " to fill this station at the Revolution with such
impartiality and integrity (in those arduous times) as added lustre to his
judicial character." The representative of this gentleman at the latter
end of the last century was the Right Hon. Denis Daly, for many years
member of parliament for the county of Galway, in the Irish parliament,
distinguished for his eloquence and ability, and characterized by Grattan
as "one of the best and brightest characters Ireland ever produced. His
eldest son, James, after having also represented the county of Galway for
many years in parliament was raised to the Peerage of Ireland, June 6th,
1845, by the title of Baron Dunsandle and Clanconall. Of this family
also was the Denis Bowes Daly, Esq., who succeeded, as one of the joint
heirs of the last head of the Mac Coghlans. He was one of the most
polished, refined, and elegant gentlemen that ever came of the Irish race;
was once in receipt of an income of .£20,000 per annum, but died a pauper
in the early part of the present century.

49 Muinter-Tlamain. — The surname O'Muireadhaigh, of which there
were several families of different races in Ireland, is now always anglicised
Murray, without the prefixed 0'.

50 Western Dealbhna, otherwise called Dealbhna Teanmaighe. The
situation of this territory has not been fixed. After the English invasion,
the family of O'Scolaighe, now Scully, were driven into the county of
Tipperary, where they became hereuachs of the Church lands of Lorrha, in
Lower Ormond. This is one of the families of Dalcassian descent, which

TRIBES OF MEATH. xiil

has risen to its ancient wealth and position. No line of pedigree of any
branch of this family has been preserved in the Dalcassian books.

51 Ui Mac- Uais, a tribe of the race of Colla Uais, monarch of Ireland in
the fourth century, now the barony of Moygoish, in the county of West-
meath. The name of O'Comraidhe is still extant, but for many centuries
reduced to obscurity and poverty. In the sixteenth century, it was
anglicised Cowry. It is now more usually Corry and Curry, but this
form is to be distinguished from O'Corra of Ulster, as well as from
O'Comhraidhe of Thomond, and O'Comhraidhe of Corca-Laighe, in the
south of the county of Cork, which are all usually anglicised Curry.

52 O'k-Aedha. — This name still exists in Meath, but is always anglicised
Hughes; Aedh and Hugh being generally considered the same name. The
bounds of Eastern Tir-Teathfa cannot now be ascertained.

53 CPCearbhail, now O'Carroll. This family cannot now be distin-
guished from the O'Carrolls of Ely, in the King's county, or from the
O'Carrolls of Oriel. Their history is unknown j they sank into obscurity
at an early period.

54 O'Duinn. — This family is also totally unknown for centuries. It
cannot be distinguished from the O'Duinns, or Dunns, of Iregan.

55 Southern Breagh. — The family of MacGillaseachlainn, which is to
be distinguished from the more royal family of O'Maelseachlainn. is now,
and has been for centuries, totally unknown. They sank into obscurity
and poverty shortly after the English invasion. They are mentioned by
the Four Masters, A.D. 1121, 1160, and 1171.

56 Cairbre Gabhrain. — Cairbre Gabhra was the ancient name of the
barony of Granard, in the north of the county of Longford. See Four
Masters, A.D. 1405, note s. O'Ronain of this territory is now unknown.
See the Miscellany of the Archaeological Society, vol. i. pp. 145, 146.

57 Lesser Gailenga of Breagh. — This territory was in Bregia, and north
of the River Liffey. The church of Glas Naidhin, now Glasnevin, was in
it. The name O'h-Aenghusa is now anglicised Hennessy. See Four
Masters, at the years 825, 937, 1003, 1145. This family sank into obscurity
at an early period, and is now unknown.

58 Fine Gall, i.e., the district of the Galls, or foreigners, now Fingal, a
territory comprising that portion of the county of Dublin, lying to the
north of the River Liffey. The family of MacGillamocholmog, so famous
in the history of Leinster, and particularly in that of Dublin, where they
got complete mastery of the Danes, was of the same race as the O'Byrnes

xiv O'DUBH AGAIN.

and O'Tooles of Leinster. They descended from Dunchadh, the brother
of Paelan, who was ancestor of the O'Byrnesof Leinster. The progenitor
from whom they derived their hereditary surname was Gillamocholmog,
son of Dunchadh, son of Lorcan, son of Faelan, son of Murcadhach, son
of Bran, son of Faelan, son of Dunchadh, (a quo the tribe of the Ui Dun-
chadha,) son of Murchadh, son of Bran Mut. This family was originally
seated in that part of the county of Dublin through which the River
Dothair or Dodder flows, but after they got the mastery of the Danes of
Dublin their sway extended over the Danish territory of Fingal. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1044, and Gilbert's History of Dublin, vol. i.
p. 403-408.

59 0' Dunchadha. — This was the tribe name of the family of MacGillamo-
cholmog, as mentioned in the foregoing note. Bere O'Dugan, who had no
local knowledge of the district of Fingal, has converted the tribe name of
Ui Dunchadha into a separate family name; but there never was any such
hereditary surname in this territory. Dr. Reeves has communicated the
following note on the district of Ui Dunchadha. In it were situated the
following churches : — Gill Cele Christ (Irish Calendar, March 3) ; Cill Mo-
chritoc, on the banks of the Dodder, i.e., Achadh Finnich (May 1 1) ; Cill-na-
manach, now Killnamanagh, in the parish of Tallaght (Dec. 31). MacGil-
lamocholmog's land extended southwards to Glen Umerim (or Glanunder,
now Ballyman), on the confines of the counties of Dublin and Wicklow.
For a notice of the family of MacGillamocholmog, see History of the City
of Dublin, by J. T. Gilbert, vol. i. pp. 230, 403.

60 Tuilen, now Dulane,an old church and parish near the town of Kells, in
the county of Meath. The west end of the present remains of Dulane church
is exceedingly ancient, and remarkable for its doorway, constructed of huge
unhewn stones surmounted by an enormous lintel. The three septs here men-
tioned, and called the Congregation of Cairnech, are now totally unknown.
St, Cairnech, who is still remembered as the patron saint of Tuilen, was not
a native of Ireland, but of Cornwall ; and Colgan supposes him to be the
same as St. Cernach or Carantach, whose day in the Calendar of the British
Church is the 16th of May, and who flourished about a century before the
other St. Cairnech, having been, as is said, a cotemporary of St. Patrick.
See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 231, and Acta Sanctorum, p. 783. St. Cair-
nech's day, in the Irish Calendar, is the 16th of May, as it is in the British
Calendar. His life, in Latin, which makes frequent and very curious men-
tion of his connexion with Ireland, is preserved in the British Museum (MS.

TRIBES OF ULADH. XV

Cotton, Vesp. A. 14, fol. 90), whence it has been printed in the Acta Sane-
tor., Maii, torn. ii. p. 585; and, with an English translation in Rees' Lives
of the Cambro-British Saints, pp. 97, 396 See Rev. Rice Rees' Essay on
the Welsh Saints, pp. 209-211 ; also, Dr. Todd's edition of the Historia
Britonum, p. cxi. The following extracts from his Life will explain the title
of St. Cairnech to the place he holds in the Irish Calendar: —

"Deinde perrexit ad Hiberniam insulam, Patricio antecedente. . . .

" Perrexit Carantocus ad dexteram partem, Patricius autem ad sinistram,
etdixerunt ut convenirent una vice in anno.

"Et exaltate sunt ecclesie, et civitates sub nomine ejus in regione Legen

"Beati Cernachi opera leguntur in Hibernia, per totam patriam, sicut
leguntur in Roma beati Petri apostoli prodigia.

"S. Carantocus deduxit regiones Hibernensium invitos cetibus ma-
jorum, cum regibus honoratus.

"Et ille solus perrexit ad Hiberniam insulam, et sepultus est 17 Kl.
Junii (May 16), in civitate sua prseclara, et optima pra? omnibus civitatibus
suis, quse vocatur Civitas Chernach"

The only family of the three septs of Tuilen now remaining is O'Muir-
chertaigh, which is probably the name now anglicised Murtagh, and is very
common in the counties of Meath and Monaghan.

61 Uladh is here used to denote the province of Ulster, though for many
centuries before the English invasion Uladh was applied to that part of
the province of Ulster situated to the east of Glen Righe and of the Lower
Bann and Loch Neagh, now represented by the counties of Down and
Antrim, a territory into which the ancient Ulla were driven by the three
Collas, in A.D. 333.

62 Tailltin^ow Teltown, in the county of Meath, nearly midway between
the towns of Kells and Navan, celebrated in ancient Irish history for its
fairs and public games. See Reeves' Adamnan, p. 194.

63 Breaghmhagh. — This is a transposed form of the name Magh Breagh,
a famous plain in East Meath.

64 Oileach, now Greenan-Ely, near Lough Swilly, in the barony of Inish-
owen, county of Donegal. It was one of the ancient seats of the kings
of Ulster. See the ruins of this fort described in the Ordnance Memoir
of the parish of Templemore.

65 Race of Eoghan, i.e., the descendants of Eoghan, son of Niall of the
Nine Hostages, monarch of Ireland, who died A.D. 406.

xvi O'DUBHAGAIN.

66 Royal O'Neill — The O'Neills were the most powerful family in Ulster
in O'Dugan's time; bat at the period of the English invasion, and for a
century or two later, the MacLachlainns were more powerful. A branch
of this latter family removed with the O'Donnells to the county of Mayo,
about the year 1679, where they still hold the rank of gentlemen.

67 Twotribes of the sovereignty. — Muircheartach MacLachlainn, who founded
the abbey of Newry about the year 1160, was one of the last raouarchsof
Ireland, cum renitentia, after the assumption of the Irish monarchy by
Brian Borumha. None of the O'Neill family have been kings of Ireland
since his time. See Dublin Penny Journal, vol. L, p. 102.

68 Ten sons ofEoghan. — See MacFirbis's Genealogies of the Cinel Eoghain.

69 CianacMa, now the barony of Keenaght, in the county of Londonderry.
This territory belonged to the O'Conors, of Gleann Geimhin, who were of
the race of Cian, son of Oilioll Olum, King of Munster, in the third century ;
but they were dispossessed by the O'Cathains or O'Kanes, of the race of
Eoghan, a short time previous to the English invasion.

70 O'Conchobhair, now anglicised O'Conor. There are families of this
name and race still living in the barony of Keenaght. The late Rev.
Hugh O'Conor, P.P. of Culdaff, in Inishowen, and Hugh O'Conor, of Bel-
fast, were of this family.

71 O'Duibhdhiorma, now anglicised Diarmid, and sometimes changed to
MacDermott. The name still exists in the county of Donegal.

72 Bredach, a territory comprising about the eastern half of the barony
of Inishowen, in the county of Donegal. The name is still preserved in
that of a glen, and small river which flows into Lough Foyle. " Bredach
est fluviolus peninsulae de Inis Eoghain. qui in sinum de Loch Febhuil apud
Maghbile exoneratur." — Trias Thaum., p. 145, 185. See Annals of the Four
Masters, A.D. 1122. The family of O'Duibhdhiorma disappeared from
history about A.D. 1454.

73 Tulach Og, i.e., Collis juvenum, now Tullaghoge, a small village in the
parish of Desertcreat, barony of Dungannon, and county of Tyrone.
This is the place where the O'Neill was inaugurated. In the year 1602,
the Lord Deputy Mountjoy remained here for five days, and " brake down
the chair wherein the O'Neills were wont to be created, being of stone
planted in the open field." See Fynes Moryson, Rebellion of Hugh Earl
of Tyrone, book iii. c. 1 ; and Dublin Penny Journal, vol. i., p. 208

74 Oh-0gain,uow O'Hagan. The site of the ancient residence of O'Hagan
is to be seen on a gen tie eminence a short distance to the east of the village

TRIBES OF ULSTEK.

of Tullaghoge. It is a large circular fort, surrounded by deep trenches and
earthen works.

75 Another O'Hogan. — This family is unknown. There are some fami-
lies of this name in the counties of Tyrone and Londonderry, supposed to
be different from the O'Hagans, but their history is forgotten.

76 O'Gfairmleadhaighs, now O'Gormleys. This family has remained in
obscurity since the Plantation of Ulster in 1609. They were originally
seated in the present barony of Raphoe, county of Donegal, but being
driven from thence at an early period by the O'Donnells, they established
themselves at the east side of the River Foyle, where they retained a con-
siderable territory till 1609, On an old map of Ulster, preserved in the
State Paper Office, London, O'Gormleys country is shown as extending
from near Derry to Strabane.

77 Race of Moen. — Ginel-Moen. This was the tribe name of the
O'Gormleys, and became also that of their country, according to the Irish
custom.

78 O1 Domhnallains, anglicised O'Dounellan. This family sank into ob-
scurity at an early period, and cannot now be identified.

79 O'Donnagains, now Donegan, without the prefix 0'. This name is
still extant, but obscure. It is to be distinguished from various other
families who bore the same name.

80 MacMurchadha, now MacMorrow and MacMurray, and some have
changed it to Morell. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1172.

81 MacDuinnchuain, unknown at present.

82 MacRuaidhri, now anglicised MacRory, and sometimes translated
Rogers, by which the origin of the race is disguised. A branch of this
family became herenachs of the parish of Bally nascreen, in the barony of
Lough in sholin, county of Londonderry, in the old church of which there is
a curious monument to the family, with an epitaph and armorial bearings.

83 Teallach Ainbhith. — Exact situation not yet determined.

84 Muinter-Birn. — This is still the name of a district in the county of
Tyrone, adjoining the barony of Trough, in the county of Monaghan, and
the name is preserved in that of a Presbyterian parish. See Annals of
Four Masters, A.D. 1172, note °.

85 Cinel-Eachack, made Corca Each in the prose version. The race of
Eochaidh, son of Eoghan, were seated in the present barony of Loughin-
sholin, county Londonderry, where the Muinter Cheallaigh, or O'Kellys, are
still numerous; one branch of them resided in the valley of Glenconkeyne.

86 O'Ciarain, now anglicised Kerrins. The name Fearamaighe signifies

c

xviii O'DUBHAGAIN.

" meu of the plain,'' but their situation is now unknown. The Siol Tighear-
uaigh, or Tierneys, are now unknown.

87 Magh lotha, i.e., the plain of Ith, now the Lagan, a beautiful tract in
the barony of Raphoe, containing the church of Donaghmore. See Col-
garxs Trias Thaum., pp. 144, 181 ; and Leabhar na gCeart, p. 124. The
families of O'Maiolbreasail and O'Baoighill, of the race of Eoghan, are
now unknown in this territory, and must have sunk into obscurity at an
early period, as the Irish annalists have preserved no notice of them. The
O'Baoighills or O'Boyles, of the race of Conall, are a different family, and
are still well known.

88 O'Cuinns, now Quins, very numerous in Tyrone.

89 O'Cionaiths, now Kennys.

90 Cinel Binnigh. — These were the race of Eochaidh Binnech, son of
Eoghan, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages. These three tribes of Cinel
Binnigh were situated in the ancient Tyrone, on the east of the River
Foyle, but the exact situations have not as yet been ascertained. See
Annals of Four Masters, at the years 1030. 1053, 1068, 1075, 1076, 1078,
1081, 1181. The O'Dormells of the race of Eoghan are now unknown,
and seem to have disappeared from history before the English invasion.

91 0'Duibhduannat now unknown.

92 O'h-Aghmaill, now anglicised Hamill, still a common name in Tyrone.

93 O'h-Eitigein, now anglicised Magettigen by a commutation of 0' for
Mac, which is not uncommon. The positions of these three tribes cannot
now be laid down on the map of Cinel-Eoghain.

94 CfMaolfothartaigh, unknown.

95 O'lleodhusa, now Hosey or Hussey, but generally metamorphosed to
Oswell, in the county of Fermanagh. This family afterwards became
bardic, and migrated to Fermanagh, where they were poets to the Maguires.

96 O'Hogains, now Hogans ; but they cannot be distinguished from
other families of the same name in Tyrone.

97 Carraic Brachaidhe, now Carrickabraghy, a territory which comprised
the north-western portion of the barony of Tnishowen, county Donegal.
The name is still applied to a castle situated at the north-west side of the
peninsula of Doagh. The family of O'Maoilfabhaill, now anglicised
Mulfaal, and sometimes MacPaul, are still numerous, but the other two
families are unknown.

98 Extended to the wave, i.e., from Lough Swilly to Lough Foyle.

99 Eanach. — Situation unknown : but somewhere in the barony of
Strabane, county of Tyrone.

TRIBES OF OIRGHIALLA.

}0 O'Murchadhas, now Murphys. There are families of this name of
various stocks in different parts of Ireland, but they cannot now be dis-
tinguished. Don Patricio O'Murphy, the steward of the Duke of Wel-
lington's estate in Spain, is the only man living who retains the 0' in this
name.

31 O'Mellains, now Mellans and Millans. This family were, for a time,
the keepers of the bell of St. Patrick called Clog-an-edachta. They
were seated in the parish of Donaghmore, in the territory of Imchlair,
near Dungannon, county of Tyrone. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D.
13,56, 1425. Also Tripart. Life of St. Patrick, part ii. c. 142.

102 Cinel Feradhaiyh. — This territory comprised the barouy of Clogher,
in the county of Tyrone, and was the patrimonial inheritance of the
family of MacCathmhaoil (MacCawell), descendants of Fergal, son of
Muireadhach, son of Eoghan. The MacCawells are famous in Irish history
for their learning, and the many dignitaries they supplied to the church,
but are now very much reduced, and many of the sept seek to conceal
their antiquity by anglicising their name Caulfield ! It is usually latin-
ized Cavellus, and some of the clan still retain the form MacCawell; but
the greater number of them make it either Camphill, Cambell, Caulfield,
or Howell. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1185. A distinguished
branch of this family, who changed the name to Caulfield, settled in the
county of Wicklow, where they still retain considerable property : their
pedigree is well known. The family O'Fiachra and the other septs of this
territory are unknown, or disguised under some anglicised forms. The
other septs of Cinel-Fearadhaigh cannot now be distinguished.

103 Oirghialla. — This great sept was descended from the three Collas, who
conquered the ancient Ultonians, and wrested from them that portion of
the province of Ulster lying westwards of Glenn Righe, Lough Neagh, and
the Lower Bann. The country of this sept originally comprised the greater
part of Ulster, but for many centuries it was confined to the present counties
of Louth, Armagh, and Monaghan. The descendants of Eoghan, son of the
monarch Niall of the Nine Hostages, deprived them of the present counties
of Londonderry and Tyrone shortly after the introduction of Christianity.

104 And their hostages. — This is a kind of pun to obtain a rhyme. The
Oirghialla are said to have been so called because their hostages were de-
tained in golden fetters.

105 O'Cearbhaill. — This family is still rather numerous in the county of
Monaghan ; but they now write the name Carroll without the prefix 0'.
They disappear from history about the year 1193, when they were

02

xx O'DUBHAGAIN.

supplanted by other families of the same race, the MacMahons and
Maguires.

IDG (?2)uibkdara. — This family also disappeared from history at an early
period, and the name is now either totally unknown, or disguised under
some anglicised form which is not identifiable. See Annals of Four
Masters, A.D. 1076, 1097, 1118, 1128.

107 MacMathghamhna, now MacMahon. Spenser fables that this family
was of English descent, being, according to him, a branch of the English
family of Fitz-Ursula ; but Dr. Keating, in the preface to his History of
Ireland, and O'Flaherty (Ogygia, III., c. 76, 77), have shown that they
are of ancient Irish descent, namely, of the race of Colla da Chricli, son
of Eochaidh Daimhlen, son of Cairbre Liffechair, son of Cormac MacAirt.
Mr. Shirley, in his account of the dominion of Farney, pp. 147-150, has
given the true pedigree of this family.

108 Mag Uidhir, now anglicised Maguire. This family supplied the
chiefs to Fermanagh from about the year 1264, when they supplanted the
older chieftains, and continued in power, till the reign of James I. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1264 and 1302.

109 0 'Lairgnen, now anglicised Largan.

110 OFlaithri, now anglicised Flattery. See Annals of Four Masters,
A.D. 1071, 1147, 1166.

111 Ui-Tuirtre. — These people were seated to the west of Lough Neagh,
in the present county of Tyrone, in St. Patrick's time ; but for many
centuries previous to the English invasion they occupied a portion of the
present county of Antrim, and, according to Colgan, gave name to a
deanery in the diocese of Connor, containing among others the parishes of
Racavan, Ramoan, and Donnagorr, and the old churches of Downkelly and
Kilgad, as also the island of Inistoide, in Loughbeg, near Toome Bridge.
Trias Thaum., p. 183 ; Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1176, note z ; and
Leabhar na gCeart, p. 124, note n. The exact limits of the district are
given in Keeves's Down and Connor, pp. 82, 292-297.

112 O'Flainn, now made O'Lyn by aspirating the F ; but by some it is
very incorrectly changed to Lindsay. The pedigree of this famous family,
who were the senior branch of the Oirghialla or Clann Colla is traced to
Colla Uais, Monarch of Ireland about the middle of the fourth century.

113 O'DomJvnattcwn, now Dounellan without the 0'. One of this family
was lord of all Ui-Tuirtre in 1015, but they are now little known. See
Annals oi Four Masters, 1014, 1015.

114 Ui-Fiachrach Finn, otherwise called the Ui-Fiachrach of Ardsratha.

TRIBES OF OIRGHIALLA.

They were seated along the river Derg, in the north-west of the county
of Tyrone, and their territory comprised the parish of Ardstraw and
some adjoining parishes now belonging to the diocese of Deny. Ussher
states (Primordia, p. 857) that the church of Ardstraw, and many other
churches of Opheathrach, were taken from the diocese of Clogher, and
incorporated with that of Berry. This tribe of the Ui-Fiachrach is to be
distinguished from that of Connaught. They were descended from
Fiachra, son of Ere, the eldest son of Colla Uais, Monarch of Ireland in
the fourth century. See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii., c. 76 ; and
Leabhar na gCeart, p. 121, note l. The name O'h-Eirc is now correctly
enough made Ercke, but without the prefix 0'.

115 O'Criodain, now Cregan, without the prefix 0'. The level territory
of this family still retains its ancient name, being now called Maghera-
cregan. It is situated to the south of the River Derg, in Tyrone, in the
territory anciently called Ui-Fiachrach of Ardstraw.

116 O'Haedha, now always anglicised Hughes, without the prefixed 0'.
See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1044, 1069. This name is very com-
mon in Ulster.

117 Fearnmaighe, now Farney, a barony in the county of Monaghan.

118 O'Caomhain, now anglicised Keevan, without the prefix 0'.

1 19 Magh Leamhna was the name of a level district in Tyrone, afterwards
called the Closach. See Colgan's Trias Thaum., pp. 149, 184. It is shown
on an old map of Ulster preserved in the State Paper Office, London, as
"the countrie ofCormocke macBarone," and the river Black water is marked
as flowing through it, the fort of Augher and the village of Ballygawley
as situate within it, the town of Clogher on its western, and the church of
Errigal-Keeroge on its northern boundary.

120 O'Mochoidhen, called by the Four Masters O'Machaidhen. See Annals
of Four Masters, A.D. 997, 1053, 1062, 1110. The name is now unknown.
This family sunk into obscurity at an early period.

121 Mughdhoma, more usually called Crich Mughdhorn, and latinized
Provincia Mugdornorum and Regio Mugdornorum. See Annals of Four
Masters, A.D. 1457. The Mugdorni were the descendants of Mugdorn
Dubh, son of Colla Meann.

122 Oirtheara, also called Crich nan-Airthear, and translated by Probus,
in the second life of St. Patrick published by Colgan, " Regio Orientalium."
The people were called Oirtheara, or Orientales, because they were seated in
the east of the country of Oirghialla. The name is still preserved in the
two baronies of Orior, in the oast of the county of Armagh.

XX11 O DUBHAGAIN.

123 O'hfr, now usually anglicised O'Hare and O'Hayer, and sometimes
Hare, without the prefix 0'.

124 0 hAnluain, now O'Hanlon, and sometimes Hanlon, without the 0'.
This family is very numerous in the baronies of Orior.

125 O'Cosgraigh, now usually anglicised Cosgrave and Cosgrove.

126 Feara Rois, i.e., the Men of Ross. The territory of this tribe
comprised the parishes of Carrickmacross and Clonany, in the county of
Monaghan, and parts of the adjoining counties of Meath and Louth, but its
exact limits have not been yet determined. See Annals of Four Masters,
A.D. 322 ; and Leabhar na gCeart, p. 154.

127 Ui-Meith-Macha. — This sept descended from Muireadhach Meith
(the Fat), son of Imchadh, who was the son of Colla da Chrich. They
were seated in the parishes of Tullycorbet, Kilmore, and Tehallon, in the
barony and county of Monaghan. See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 149, and
Colgan's Trias Thaum., pp. 151 and 184, note 16.

128 O'hlnnreachtaigh, now Hanratty, without the 0', a family now very
numerous in the county of Monaghan.

129 MacDomhnaill, now MacDonell. This family still remains in the east
of Fermanagh, and is to be distinguished from the MacDonnells of Scotland.

130 Clann Ceallaigh, i.e., race of Ceallach, now Clankelly, a barony in
the east of the county of Fermanagh. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D.
1441, 1466, 1484, 1499, 1501.

131 OBaoigheallain, now anglicised Boylan, without the prefix 0'. The
family is still numerous.

32 Dartraighe, now the barony of Dartry, in the west of the county of
Monaghan. See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 153, note !.

13 Ui-Laeghaire of Loch Lir. — Loch Lir was one of the ancient names of
Carlingford lough, between the counties of Down and Louth, but there must
have been another lake of the same name : this tribe would appear to
have been seated in the county of Tyrone, to the east of the barony of
Lurg, in the county of Fermanagh. O'Taichligh is now anglicised Tully
and Tilly, without the 0*.

34 Muintir Maoilduin, i.e., the family of O'Maoilduin, now Muldoon
and Meldon, without the 0'. Lurg is a barony in the north of the county
of Fermanagh, where this family is still numerous.

135 Clann Fearghaile, i.e., the race of Fergal. Situation not determined.

136 Tuathratha, i.e., the district of the fort, a well-known tract com-
prised in the barony of Magheraboy, in the county of Fermanagh, and now
usually anglicised Tooraah. The family of O'Flannagain are still nume-

TRIBES OF OIRGHIALLA. xxiii

rous in this district, but reduced to the level of cottiers and farmers. See
O'Brien's Irish Dictionary, in voce Flannagan.

137 Muinter-Pheodachain, a well-known district in the county of Fer-
managh, extending from the mouth of the Arney river to the western
extremity of the Belmore mountains. The MacGillafinnens are still
numerous in this territory, but they are disguised at present under the
anglicised form of Leonard. Though this family is set down among the
Oirghialla, they were of the Kinel Connell, and descended from the same
stock as the O'Muldorrys. See Battle of Magh Rath, p. 335.

8 Ui Conghaile. — This sept was seated in the barony of Knockninny,
county Fermanagh. These two last-mentioned septs were dispossessed in
the fifteenth century by two branches of the Maguires called the Clann-
Awley and the Clann-Caffrey.

139 Muintir Maoilruanaidh, i.e., the family of O'Maoilruanaidh, now
Mulrony. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1057, 1189.

140 Ui h-Eignigh. This is probably the name anglicised Heeney. This
family, as well as the O'Mulronys, sunk under the Maguires in the thir-
teenth century, and are now reduced to obscurity and poverty. Cornelius
Heeney, of New York, who had acquired vast wealth, died in 1847, un-
married.

141 Slopes of Monach, i.e., the mountains and undulating hills of Fer-
managh.

142 Triucha Ched of Cladach, i.e., the Cantred of Claddach, now the
barony of Trough, forming the northern part of the county of Monaghan.
The name MacCionaith is now anglicised MacKenna, and the family are
very numerous in this barony and in the city of Dublin. This family is
not of the race of the Oirghialla, any more than MacGrillafinnen of Fer-
managh, but of the Southern Hy-Niall, of Meath.

143 O'Corbmaic, now Cormic. — This sept was seated in the barony of
Tirkeeran, in the west of the county of Londonderry, whence they were
driven by the O'Kanes and other families of the race of Eoghan, son of
the monarch Niall of the Nine Hostages, who gradually displaced the
Oirghialla.

144 Ci-Breasail of Madia. — This sept, more usually called Clann-
Breasail, were seated in the present barony of Oneillarid East, in the
county of Armagh. For many centuries the MacCanns, who are of the
race of Rochadh, son of Colla-da-chrich, were the chiefs of Clann-Breasail,
having dispossessed the O'Garveys at an early period. This territory is

XXIV ODUBHAGA1N.

shown on an old map of Ulster preserved in the State-paper Office, London,
as on the south side of Lough Neagh, at the entrance of the Upper Barm.

146 O'Longain, now anglicised Langan and Long, without the prefix 0'.
HO O'Dubheamhna, now Devany and Devenny.

147 O'Conchobhairs, now Connors.

148 Ui-Lorcain, now Larkin. The boundary line between these two
septs cannot now be drawn.

149 O'h-Eighnighs, now O'Heaneys.

150 Ui-EathacJi, i.e., descendants of Eochaidh. These were not the
people of Iveagh, in the county of Down, but a sept of the Oirghialla,
descended from Eochaidh, son of Fiachra Casau, son of Colla da Chrich,
who were seated in the district of Tuath-Eathach, which comprised the
present barony of Armagh. This district is shown on the old map of
Ulster just referred to as Tuaghie, and as the country of Owen mac Hugh
mic Neale mic Art O'Neill. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1498.
The Clann Ruadhagain, or 0'Rogans,of this district are still extant, but the
Clann-Cearnaigh and O'Domhnaills, or O'Donnells, are unknown, and
perhaps extinct.

151 Clann- Daimtiin, i.e., the family of O'Daimhin, now Devin and
Devine, without the prefix 0'. A family of this name is mentioned in the
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1427, as chief in Tirkennedy, in Fermanagh.

152 Ui-Maoilcraoibhe. — A family of this name occupied the west side of
Knockbreda, near Belfast, in the county of Down ; but it is highly pro-
bable that this was not their original situation, but that they were driven
from a more westerly position on the increasing power of the race of
Eoghan. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1490 ; Stuart's Armagh, p.
630 ; and Reeves's Down and Connor, p. 348.

153 Little Modharn. — This territory formed the northern portion of
Meath, where it adjoins the county Monaghan. It was otherwise called
Mughdhorn Breagh, as being a part of the plain of Magh-Breagh. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 807, 836, 867, 880.

154 Ui-Seaain, recte Ui Seghain, a people situated to the north of Ard-
braccan, in the county of Meath. See the Tripart. Life of St. Patrick,
part iii., c. xiv., Trias Thaum , p. 152. O'hAinbheth is now anglicised
Hanvey and Hanafey, without the 0'.

55 Mag-Uidhir. — Now Maguire. He was head chieftain of Feara Mo-
nach, now Fermanagh, in O'Dugan's time, as already remarked, but not
before the fourteenth century.

TRIBES OF CRAOBH-RUADH. XXV

156 Ui MacCarthainn, now the barony of Tirkeeran, in the county of
Londonderry. The family of O'Conaill of this district is now made Con-
nell, without the 0' ; and the family of O'Colgan is written MacColgan,
by a substitution of Mac for 0*. This latter family, on being dispossessed
by the dominant race of Eoghan, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages, became
herenachs of the churchlands of Donaghmore, in Inishowen, where, at
the foot of Slieve Snaght, the celebrated John Colgan, author of the Acta
Sanctorum Hiberniag, was born.

157 Yery great chieftains. — These two families would appear to have
sunk very low in our author's time; for, notwithstanding these high
terms applied to them, they are not even once mentioned in the Irish
annals as invading territories, fighting battles, founding churches, or doing
any thing that indicated possessions, power, or dignity. Strange that he
should mention them in such unqualified terms, while he does not ev^en
name the distinguished family of O'Brolchain.

158 Craobh Ruadh, i.e., the Red Branch. This was the name of an
ancient fortress of the race of Rudhraighe ; and the ancient Ulta con-
tinued to be called from this place by the Irish poets for ages after they
had been driven from it by the Oirghialla.

169 Kings of Uladh, i.e., the chieftains of that portion of the ancient
province of Uladh or Ulster, which remained in the possession of the
Clanna Rury, or ancient Ultonians. Their country comprised only that
part of the province lying east of Glenree, Lough Neagh, and the Lower
Bann.

160 (y Duinnsleibhe, otherwise called MacDuinnsleibhe, and now angli-
cised Donlevy, without either prefix. This family lost its ancient rank
shortly after the English invasion, and a branch of them removed to Tir-
connell, where they became physicians to O'Donnell. Some of them passed
into Scotland, where they made the name Dunlief and Dunlap, and others
have changed it to Livingston. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1149,
1178, 1227, 1395, 1586.

id 0'h-l£ochadha.+-This family was of the same race as O'Duinnsleibhe,
and also lost its ancient dignity about the same time. It is now angli-
cised Haughey, Haugh, and Hoey, without the 0'. See Annals of Four
Masters, 1114, 1164, 1172, 1194.

162 O'h-Aidiths. — These are mentioned in the Annals of Four Masters at
the years 980, 965, 1005, 1046, 1065, 1094, 1119, 1136, as lords of Ui-
Eathach Uladh, now Iveagh, in the county of Down, but no later notice

xxvi O'DUBHAGAIN.

of them is to be found. The name would be anglicised Hatty or Hetty,
but it is probably extinct. See Reeves's Down and Connor, pp. 351, 367.

163 O'h-Eochagain. — The only notice of this family contained in the An-
nals of Four Masters occurs at A.D. 1281, when a member of it was killed
in the battle of Desertcreaght, in Tyrone. The name is now anglicised
O'Haughian ; and a family of this name, who came from the county of
Down, is living in Ballymena.

164 O'Labhradhas. — This name is now anglicised Lavery, without the
0'. See note on Magh Rath infra.

165 O'Leathlabhras, now Lawlers or Lalors. — This family is mentioned in
the Annals of Four Masters, at the years 904, 912, 930, as kings of Dal-
aradia and Ulidia, but no later notices of them occur. Whether they are
the same Lawlers that appear to have been seated at an early period at
Dysart Enos, in Laoighis, in the Queen's County, and to be also of this race,
has not yet been determined. See Reeves's Down and Connor, p. 343.

166 O1 Loing sighs. — Many members of this family appear in the Irish
annals«as kings of Dalaradia, but the last notice of them occurs at the year
1159. The name is now anglicised Linchy and Lynch.

167 O'Mornas. — This family, who were of Connaught origin, afterwards
took the name of MacGillamuire, now Gilmore. They are seated in the
territory of Ui-Ercachein, in the county of Down. See Annals of Four
Masters, A.D. 1391; and Reeves's Down and Connor, &c., pp. 339, 368.

168 Q> Mathghamhna, usually anglicised O'Mahony, but there is no such
name in Ulidia at present, so that we may conclude it to be the name
usually written Moghan, Mahon, or Mahan. See Annals of Four Masters,
A.D. 1108, 1113, 1114, 1124, 1127, 1149. No later notices of them occur
in Irish history. For their descent see Reeves's Down and Connor,
p. 362.

169 Ui Eathach Cobjia. — This sept gave name to the baronies of Iv-
eagh, in the county of Down. For their descent and ancient history, see
Reeves's Down and Connor, pp. 348. 349, 359.

170 (yCainne, now Kenny and Quin. See Reeves's Down and Connor,
pp. 79, 367.

171 O GairbhitJis, now Garvys — For a curious account of this family,
see O'Brien's Irish Dictionary. The townland of Aughnagon, in the parish
of Clonallon, near Newry, in the county of Down, was part of their ancient
patrimony, and remained in their possession till about fifty years since.
See Reeves's Down and Connor, p. 367.

TRIBES OF CRAOBH-RUADH. XXVU

172 O'kAinbhith, now Hanvey and Hannifey. No notice of this family
occurs in the Annals of the Four Masters, which contain several entries
concerning the O'Hannifeys of Oirghialla.

173 Mag-Aenghusa, now anglicised Magennis. The exact situation of
the territory of Clann Aedha has not been yet determined. In the
course of the twelfth century they rose into power, and became chief
lords of all the country of Iveagh. See Reeves's Down and Connor, pp.
348-352.

174 Cinel Faghartaigh, now Kinelarty, a barony in the county of Down,
of which the MacArtans were the hereditary lords. See O'Flaherty's
Ogygia, p. 371 ; Harris's History of the County of Down, p. 74 ; Annals
of Four Masters, A.D. 1130,1375, 1493; and Reeves's Down and Connor,
pp. 213, 214, 215.

175 Mag Duibheamhna, now Devany. Dr. Reeves conjectures that
Cinel Amhalghadha (Kinel-Awley), the tribe-name of this family, may
have given name to the parish of Magherally, anciently Magherawly.
See Reeves's Down and Connor, p. 368.

176 O'jifornaf — gee note 174, supra. This family came originally from
Connaught.

177 Mag Duilechains of Clann BreasaiL — In Dubourdieu's Statistical
Account of the County of Antrim, p. 627, this territory is described from
an old MS. as follows : "Clanbreasel Mac Coolechan [i.e., Ctcmn bfteaf ait
rues T)h tn tech am,] (so called for a difference betwixt it and one other
country of the same name in the county of Armagh) ; is a very fast
country of wood and bog, inhabited with [by] a sept called the O'Kellies,
a very savage and barbarous people, and given altogether to spoils and
robberies."

178 O'Coltarain of Dal Cuirb. — Dr. Reeves conjectures that the parish
of Ballyculter, at Strangford, in the county of Down, derived its name
from this family. It seems to be now extinct, as it is not the same as the
family of Coulter, which is of English origin.

179 Leath Chuinn, i.e., Conn's half, i.e., a name for the northern half of
Ireland.

180 Brughaidh, a farmer, who kept a house of general entertainment.

181 Eamhain. — Our author speaks here as if the Clanna Rury whom he
enumerates were still the possessors of the palace of Eamhain and Craebh
Ruadh, situated two miles west of Armagh ; but his poetic licence is too
violent, as they had been driven from thence by the Oirghialla about the
middle of the fourth century. It is curious to remark that he takes no

xxviii O'DUBHAGAIN.

notice of any district in the present county of Armagh as in the possession
of the Glanna Rury : that territory was, in his time and for some centu-
ries earlier, in the possession of the Oirghialla.

182 Peaky fioirche, now the Mourne mountains in the south of the county
of Down. See Tighernach An., 611 ; Annals of Four Masters, pp. 735,
1495; and Reeves's Down and Connor, p. 369.

183 Cuailgne, now Cooley, a mountainous district in the north of the
county of Louth, very famous in Irish history. It was originally a part
of Uladh, though now in the province of Leinster.

184 Magh R dh, now Moira, in the county of Down. In the Book of
Lecau, fol. 96 b, it is stated that the church of Lann Ronan Finn is
situated in Corca Ruisen in Magh Rath ; and it is now determined that
St. Ronan Finn's church is the present Magheralin, in the county of Down.
See the Feilire Aenguis at 21st of May ; see also Reeves's Down and
Connor, pp. 313, 367; his Adamnan, p. 201; Battle of Magh Rath, p. 277.

185 0' Ldbhradha, now Lavery, a numerous clan in the parish of Moira.
From these lines it would appear that O'Dugan considered the present
parish of Moira as the site of the great battle fought here, A.D. 637. In
the early part of the seventeenth century, Tirlagh Oge O'Lawry held
several townlands in the present parish of Moira and in the adjacent part
of Magheralin. See Reeves's Down and Connor, p. 369. This fact,
coupled with the contiguity of the church of St. Ronan Finn, who cursed
Suibhne Geilt, renders it highly probable that the plain around the present
village of Moira was the scene of the great battle. The late Mr. John
Rogan, a local antiquary, wrote a letter on this subject to the Editor
in 1842, detailing the local traditions remaining of this battle, but his
letter arrived too late to be made use of in the introductory remarks
to the Battle of Magh Rath, printed for the Irish Archaeological Society in
1842. The probability is that the fort of Dun Adhmainn was situated in
Tir OmBreasail, in the south-west of the barony of Orior ; and that the
idiot Cuanna set out from thence to Newry, and thence to Moira, for he is
referred to as advancing/rom the south-west. See Battle of Magh Rath, pp.
276, 277. The whole of Mr. Hanna's argument (in his paper on Magh Rath,
in the "Ulster Journal of Archaeology) to prove that the present Moira is not
the scene of the great battle, rests on the situation of Clann Breasail, which
being on the south side of Lough Neagh, lies due west of Moira ; but he
overlooks the fact that O'Dugan connects the Magh Rath of the fierce
contention with 0 'Lavery, and that the parish of Moira is still considered
the country of the Laverys.

TRIBES OF CRAOBH-RUADH. xxix

186 Dun da-leathghlas. — This was one of the ancient names of Down-
patrick. See Reeves's Down and Connor, pp. 41, 139, 143, 224, 228,
361, 369.

187 The clay covered Columb. — It was generally believed at Down, and
throughout Ireland, that St. Patrick, St. Bridget, and St. Columbkille were
buried in one tomb at Downpatrick ; but this seems a fabrication of the
twelfth century, for though part of their relics may have been deposited
there long after their deaths, there is no evidence that their bodies were
ever deposited there in one tomb. See Reeves's Adamnan, pp. 312, 313,
314, 315. It is very clear, from the life of St. Bridget, by Cogitosus,
that her body was preserved at Kildare. See Colgan's Trias Thaum., pp.
523, 524. The body of St. Patrick may have been buried there imme-
diately after his death, but even this is very doubtful. The finding of
the relics of the Irish Trias Thaumaturga at Down, in 1185, was an
invention got up by Sir John De Courcy and his clergy in that year, for
the purpose of exalting the character of Down, then recently conquered
by the English. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 526 and 1293, note f,

188 Cumber. — It is difficult to know what place is here referred to :
whether Comber, near Loch Cuan ; or Magh-Comair, that is, Muckamore,
in the county of Antrim.

189 Eoghanachs, i.e., the race of Eoghan, son of Niall of the Nine Host-
ages, who possessed themselves of a large portion of the ancient province
of Ulster, and who, in O'Dugan's time, were the most powerful race there.

190 Ard-Macha, now Armagh, the chief ecclesiastical city of Ireland.
The Archbishop of Armagh ranked in dignity with the monarch of all
Ireland.

191 Their knowledge there. — This alludes to the great school of Armagh,
in which, during the middle ages, many distinguished foreigners received
their education.

192 Cinel-Conaill, i.e., the race of Conall, son of Niall of the Nine Host-
ages. They were seated in Tirconnell, which in latter ages was co-
extensive with the present county of Donegal.

193 Rugged is the land, alluding to the extensive mountains in the north
and west of their territory.

194 The cataract of Aedh, i.e., the waterfall of Eas Aedha, i.e., the cata-
ract of Red Hugh, now the salmon-leap at Ballyshannou, in the county of
Donegal. See Annals of Four Masters (Ed., J. O'D.), A.M. 4518, and
A.D. 1184 and 1194.

xxx O'DUBHAGAIN.

195 The OPMaoildoridhs, if they were living. This shows that the O'Mul-
dorys and O'Canannans, who were the chieftains of Tir-Connell preceding
the O'Donnells, were either extinct or powerless in O'Dugan's time. At
present there is not a single family of either name in the county of
Donegal. For their pedigrees, so far as traceable, see Battle of Magh
Rath, p. 335.

196 The Clann Daly. — This was the tribe name of the O'Donnells, who
were the head chiefs of Tir-Connell in O'Dugan's time. For their pedigree
see Battle of Magh Rath, p, 336-337, and Annals of Four Masters, Appen-
dix, pp. 2377 to 2420. They derived their tribe name of Clann Dalaigh
from Dalach, chief lord of Tir-Connell, who died in the year 868, from
whose grandson, Domhnall, the O'Donnells have derived their hereditary
surname. The original territory of this family was situated between the
River Dobhar, or Gweedore, and Swilly. See Battle of Magh Rath, p. 157.

197 Clann Chinnfhaelaidh, a district in the north-west of the county of
Donegal, comprising the parishes of Raymunterdony and Tullaghobegly.
See Note to Annals of Four Masters, A.M. 3330, p. 18.

198 Tir-Ainmirech, now the barony of Boylagh, in the west of the county
of Donegal. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1343, p. 582, note f .

199 rp[r Baghaine, i.e., the territory of Enna Baghaine, the second son of
Conal Gulban, now the barony of Banagh, in the west of the county of
Donegal. See Battle of Magh Rath, p. 156, note P. It extended from the
River Eany, at Inver harbour, to the Dobhar, now the Gweedore river.

200 Q>B ioigJiHlt now O'Boyle, a family remarkable for their ruddy com-
plexions, still very numerous in the west of the county of Donegal.

201 Magh-Seiridk, a plain in the north of the barony of Tirhugh. The
family of O'Maoilmaghna is now anglicised Mullany.

202 Eos Ruaidhj i.e., the Tricha ched of Eas Ruaidh, or of the Salmon
Leap, at Ballyshannon. This is described in a poem preserved in the
Book of Fenagh, fol. 47, as extending from the River Erne to the River
Eidhneach, now the Edny. See Battle of Magh Rath, p. 158. The name
O'h-Aedha is now anglicised Hughes, but this sept is to be distinguished
from several others of the same name in Ulster.

203 (y Taircheirt. — This name is now unknown in the county of Donegal.
The O'Taircherts are mentioned in the Annals of Four Masters at the years
1 113, 1197,andl212,as chiefs of Clann Snedhghile,now Clanelly, a territory
in the barony of Raphoe, situated to the west of the town of Letterkenny.
The pedigree of this family is not preserved in the Irish genealogical books.

TRIBES OF CINEL CONAILL. XXXI

204 Clann Neachtain, another name for the Clann Snedhghaile. The
pedigree of this sept is not preserved by the O'Clerys or Duald MacFirbis.
203 MacDubhain, now anglicised MacGuane.

206 Cinel-JSnna, i.e., the race of Enna or Enda, the sixth son of Conall
Gulban. The territory of this sept, usually called Tir-Enda, comprised
thirty quarters of lands, and is situated in the barony of Raphoe, and
county of Donegal, to the south of Inishowen, and between the arms of
Lough Foyle and Lough Swilly. See Battle of Magh Rath, p. 156, and
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1175.

207 Gleann-Binnigh, a valley in the parish of Kilteevoge, situated to the
west of Stranorlar, in the county of Donegal. The name MacLoing-
seachain is now anglicised Lynch, without the prefix Mac.

208 Fanaid. — This territory is still well known by this name, and forms
the north-east part of the barony of Kilmacrenan ; it extends from Lough
Swilly to Mulroy lough, and from the sea southwards to Rathmelton. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1186, p. 70, note 8. O'Breslen was driven
from this territory, and the family of MacS weeny Fanaid settled therein.

209 Ard-Miodhair. — The limits of this territory have not been yet de-
termined. In the year 1199, O'Dochartaigh, now O'Dogherty or Doherty,
was chief of the territory of Cinel-Enda and Ard-Miodhair. Ard-Miodhair
extended westwards of Cinel-Enda, in the direction of Gleufinn, in the
parish of Kilteevoge. On the increasing power and population of the
descendants of Conall Gulban, O'Doherty, a very high family of that race,
became lord of Inishowen, and expelled or subdued the families of the
race of Eoghan, who had been lords of that territory before him. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1199.

210 Mac Gillatsamhais. — This name is now either unknown or lurks under
some anglicised form. The most analogical anglicised form of it would be
Maclltavish.

211 Eos Guill, now Rossgull, a well-known promontory in the parish of
Mevagh, barony of Kilmacrenan, and county of Donegal, lying between
Mulroy lough and Sheephaven.

212 Ros-Irguill Exact limits not yet determined. It adjoined Ros

Guill on the west.

213 Fionn-Ros. — This was the original name of the district now called
" the Rosses," situated in the barony of Boylagh, and county of Donegal.
O'Furadhrain is now made Farran or Forran.

214 Tuath filadhach, now Tuath, anglicised Doe, a well-known district

xxxii O'DUBHAGAIN.

in the north of the barony of Kilraacrenan, situate between the quarters of
Cloghineely and Sheephaven. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1515,
p. 1332.

215 O'Cearnachain, now made Kernaghan, without the 0'.

216 O* Dalachain, now obsolete.

217 Tir HacCarthainn, i.e., the territory of the race of Caerthann, son
of Fergus, son of Conall Gulban. The Abbe MacGeoghegan places this
district to the east of Boylagh, but the present editor does not know on
what authority. The pedigree of this race is lost. Neither MacFirbis
nor Peregrine O'Clery was able to supply the chasm in the Books of Lecan
and Bally mote. See Battle of Magh Rath, p. 156.

218 Siol Maolagain, now anglicised Mulligan, and by some Moliueaux,
without the 0'. The family would appear to have lost its power in
O'Dugan's time.

219 Tir Breasail, i.e., Breasal's land or territory. The situation of this
territory has not been determined ; and the pedigrees of O'Donnagain and
MacGaibhidh have not been preserved, or at least not yet discovered.

220 Q> Maoilgaoithe, now anglicised Mulgeehy and Wynne. This family
was originally seated in the parish of Clondavaddock, in the territory of
Fanaid, whence they were driven by the MacSweenys. Some families of
this name are still extant. The late Dr. Thomas Wynne, of Croydon, near
London, to whom there is a monument in the.church of St. Margaret, was
of this race, as the editor was informed by that gentleman's brother.

221 Clann Fearghaile. — Situation and pedigree unknown, in consequence
of the chasm in the Book of Lecan already referred to. The MacTigher-
nains of this race are to be distinguished from those of Breifne and Sligo.

The territories and tribes of Tirconnell can never be properly illustrated
until the chasm in the Book of Lecan is supplied.

NOTES TO THE PORTION RELATING TO CONNAUGHT.

222 Macha, i.e., Armagh, here put for Ulster, by a violent figure of
speech.

223 The Drobhaois, a river which flows out of Lough Melviu, and, taking
a W.N.W. course, falls into the Bay of Donegal. See Colgan's Trias
T/iaum., p. 180, note 154; Harris's Ware, vol. i., p. 18; and Annals of
Four Masters, A.D. 1420, p. 843.

TRIBES OF CONN AUGHT. XXxiii

224 The plain of Cruachan, i.e., the plain of Magh Naoi, or Machaire
ChoiiDacht, in the county of Roscommon, in which Cruachan, the ancient
palace of the kings of Connaught, was situated. It lies between the towns
of Roscommon and Elphin, and Castlereagh and Strokestown.

225 Clann-Conchobhair, i.e., the Clan-Conor, i.e., the family of the
O'Conors of Connaught, who derive their name and descent from Con-
chobhar, king of Connaught, who died in the year 971 [972].

226 Cill-ard, i.e., high church, now unknown. There is only one Killard
in all Ireland, namely, that in the S.W. of the county Clare.

227 Tuaim Dreccoin, i.e., Brecon's mound or tumulus, now Toomregan,
on the frontiers of the counties of Cavau and Fermanagh. See the Feilire
Aenguis at 5th of September, and battle of Magh-Ratb, p. 283.

228 The Ui-Fiachrach, i.e., the descendants of Fiachra, the father of
Dathi, last Pagan monarch of Ireland, in the beginning of the 5th century.
The chiefs of the northern Ui-Fiachrach, after the establishment of sur-
names,were the O'Dowdas, and of the southern Ui-Fiachrach, the O'Heynes
and O'Shaughnessys.

229 Ath-Slisen, otherwise called Bel atha slisen, now Belaslishen, a ford
on the river Uair, within one mile of the town of Elphin, on the road to
Strokestown. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1288, p. 446.

230 The Ui-ftuairc, i.e., the family of the O'Rourkes. Only three of this
family were kings of Connaught, of whom the most distinguished was
Art, who was slain in 1046. The other chiefs of the family were lords
paramount of Breifne, the present county of Leitrim.

231 The Sil Muireadhaigh, i.e., the descendants of Muireadhach Muil-
leathan, king of Connaught, who died in the year 701. The people
known by this name were the O'Conors of Magh Naoi, and their correla-
tives who, after the establishment of hereditary surnames, branched into
various families, and spread themselves over the neighbouring territories ;
as the Mac Dermots, Mac Donoughs, O'Beirues, O'Flannagans, Mageragh-
tys, O'Finaghtys. The O'Conors were of all these the most powerful, though
the O'Finaghtys and Mac Dermots were senior to them. See Annals of
Four Masters, A.D. 700, p. 301 ; and A.D. 1189, p. 87.

232 Duach Teangumha, i.e., Duach of the brazen tongue. He was king
of Connaught, and died in the year 499 [500]. He was son of Fergus,
son of Muireadhach Mael, son of Eoghan Sreimh, son of Duach Galach,
son of Brian, son of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin, monarch of Ireland. He
was the ancestor of the O'Flahertys of West Connaught, but not of the

D

xxxiv O'DUBHAGAIN.

O'Conors, O'Rourkes, or O'Reillys. See Annals of Four Masters, A.I).
499, p. 161, note P, and correct note; see also Hardiman's edition of
O'Flaherty's Chorograpbical Description of lar Connaught, p. 364, note b.

233 The Sil-Flaitlibheartaigh, i.e., the race of Flaithbheartach, now the
family of O'Flaherty. For their descent, see Chorographical Description
of lar Connaught, p. 364.

234 Clann-Cosgraigh, i.e., the race of Coscrach, a sept of the Ui-Briuin-
Seola, seated east of Galway Bay. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D.
1162, note a.

235 Clann-Maoilruana. — This was the tribe name of the family of Mac
Dermot, of Moylurg, who descend from Maolruana, tbe eldest son of
Tadhg an eich ghil, king of Connaught, A.D. 1014-1036.

236 Clann-Concholhair, i.e., the family of the O'Conors of Connaught.

237 Both one tribe. — Tbey are both descended from the same ancestor,
and are both virtually O'Conors.

238 Clann-Cathail, i.e., race of Cathal, second son of Muireadhach
Muilleathan, king of Connaught, who died A.D. 701. This was the
tribe name of the O'Flanagans of Magh Aoi, hereditary stewards to the
kings of Counaught, whose territory originally comprised the parishes of
Kilmacumshy, Kilcorkey, and Shankill, and the greater part of the parishes
of Creeve and Elphin. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1289, p. 448, note8.

239 CfMaoilmordha, O'Muluiore. This family sank into obscurity at an
early period, and is either extinct or the name is now obsolete.

240 O'Carthaigh, O'Carry, now unknown in Clancahill.

241 O'Mughroin, now O'Moran, or Moran. This name is still extant in
the neighbourhood of Elphin.

242 O'Maoilbhrenainn, now anglicised Mulrenin, without the prefix 0'.
This family, which is of the same descent as the O'Flanagans, was seated
in the parish of Baslick, near Ballintober, in the county of Roscominon.
See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1097, 1193.

243 Clann-Foghartaigh. — See Annals of the Four Masters, A.D. 1151.
Situation not determined.

244 Clann-Murthuile. — The situation of this tribe has not been deter-
mined. The name O'Maonaigh is now anglicised O'Meeny and Mooney.

245 Mag-OireachtaigJij now anglicised MaGeraghty and Geraghty.
This family was seated in Magh-Naoi, before the English invasion ; but
in 1585, the head of the name was seated in Hy-Many. See Tribes and
Customs of Hy-Many, p. 19.

TRIBES OF CONNAUGHT. XXXV

16 Clann-Conmhaigh, now locally called Clanconoo. The name is now
applied to a territory situated on the west side of the river Suck, in the
barony of Ballimoe and county of Galway ; but it anciently extended to
the east of the same river, in the now county of Roscommon. Shortly
after the English invasion this territory came into the possession of a
branch of the De Burgos, the head of whom was called Mac David, who
was maternally descended from the Finaghtys.

We are informed by Duald Mac Firbis, that Conmhach, the ancestor of
the Clann-Conmhaigh was the eldest son of Muiredhach Muillethan, king
of Connaught, who died in 701, and that in consequence of this seniority,
the O'Finaghty enjoyed considerable privileges under the kings of Con-
naught, viz., that he was entitled to drink the first cup at all the king's
banquets j that all the descendants of the other sons of Muiredhach should
rise up before the senior of the race of Conmhach. He adds that the
O'Finaghtys had forty-eight ballys lying on both sides of the Suck before
the English invasion. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1232, p. 265, note r.

247 Clann-Murchadha. — This was the tribe name of that sept of the
Finaghtys seated on the east side of the river Suck, in the county of
Roscommon. This territory comprised twenty-four ballys, or ancient
Irish townlands. See Genealogies, Tribes, &c. of Ui-Fiachrach, p. 108,
note b ; and Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1225, p. 237.

248 Ui-Diarmada, otherwise Clann-Diarmada. This was the tribe name
of the family of O'Concannon, chiefs of Corcamoe, in the barony of Killian
and county of Gralway. The head of this family had his seat at Kiltul-
lagh, in the parish of Kilkerrin, locally called the parish of Corcamoe.
See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1382, note u.

249 Clann-Tomaltaigh. — This sept was seated in Magh Naoi, but their
position has not been determined. The name Mac Murchadha is now
obsolete in the county of Roscommon.

250 Siol-Fallamhain, i.e., the race of Fallainhan, or the family of the
O'Fallons. Their territory of Clann-Uadach, comprised the parish of
Camma and Dysart, in the barony of Athlone and county of Roscommon.
O'Fallon had his chief residence at Milltown, in the parish of Dysart, in
1585. See Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, p. 19.

251 Clann-Maoilruana. — This was the tribe name of the Mac Dermots
of the Sil-Murry race.

252 Magh-Luirg, usually anglicised Moylurg, a territory comprised in
the present barony of Boyle, in the county of Roscommon.

253 Airtech, a territory comprising the parish of Tibohine, in the present

D2

xxxvi O'DUBHAGAIN.

barony of Frenchpark and county of Roscommon. See Annals of the Four
Masters, A.D. 1228, note z. The name of this territory is still locally
remembered.

254 Tir-Oilella, i.e., the land or territory of Oilell, now Tirerrill, a
barony in the county of Sligo. See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii., c. 79.

255 Tir-Tuathail, i.e., the land or territory of Tuathal, now Tirhuahil, a
territory comprising the parish of Kilronan, in the barony of Boyle and
county of Roscommon.

256 Fir-Tire, a people giving name to a territory in the barony of
Carra, county of Mayo. The river of Castlebar flows through it. See
Tribes and Customs of Ui-Fiachrach, pp. 163, 205.

267 The Clann-Chuain.—They were divided from the Fir-Thire by the
river Suir, now called the river of Castlebar. These territories originally
belonged to the Ui-Fiachrach. See Tribes, &c. of Ui-Fiachrach, pp. 163,
205, 213.

zss Tir-Nechtain and Tir-Enda. — The positions of these territories are
unknown.

259 Sen-Feargal, i.e., old Fergal O'Ruairc, king of Connaught, who was
slain in the year 964.

260 £reijne — This territory comprised the present counties of Leitrim
and Cavan.

261 O'Ruairc, now O'Rourke and O'Rorke, and sometimes Rourke with-
out the prefix 0'.

262 The tribute of Connacht is due. — There were only three kings of
Connaught of this family, viz., Sen-Fergal, who was slain in 964; Art,
who was slain in 1046, and Donnell, son of Tiernan, who was slain
in 1102.

263 MacTigheamain, now anglicised Mac Kernan, and sometimes Ker-
nan without the prefix Mac. Teallach Dunchadha is now anglicised
Tullaghunco and Tullyhunco. It is the name of a barony in the west of
the county of Cavan.

264 MacSamhradhain, now anglicised Magauran and MacGovern.
Teallach Eachdhach is the present barony of Tullaghagh or Tullyhaw, in
the north-west of the county of Cavan, where the Magaurans are still very
numerous.

265 MacConsnamha, now Mac Kinnawe, and more usually anglicised
Forde, being a false translation of Kinnawe, which is supposed to signify
"head of the ford ;" but this is a mere blunder, because Cusnamha (gen. Cons-
namha) the name of the ancestor from whom the appellation is derived,

TRIBES OF CONNAUGHT. XXXvii

signifies, "dog of swimming." Clann-Chionaoith is more usually called
Muintir Cionaoith, and is now anglicised Munter-Kenny. It is the
local or traditional name of a territory in the barony of Dromahaire and
county of Leitrim, and lies between Lough Allen and the river Arigna.
See Annals of Four Masters, A. D. 1252, note x.

266 MacCagadhain, now MacCogan, and Cogan without the prefix Mac.
Clann Fearmaighe is now anglicised Glanfarne. It adjoins Munter-
Kenny, and both territories are comprised in the barony of Dromahaire,
in the county of Leitrim. Glanfarne stretches to the east and north-
east of Lough Allen, and contains twenty-one quarters of land. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1217, note g.

267 Mag Dorchaidh, now Dorcey. The last chief of Cinel-Luachain of
this family died in the year 1403. This territory comprised the parish of
Oughteragh, situate at the foot of Slieve-an-ierin, in the east of the county
of Leitrim. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1403, p. 778, note l.

268 Dartraighe. — This is still the local name for the barony of Ross-
clogher, in the county of Leitrim. It was the territory of the family of
Mag-Flannchadha, now anglicised MacClancy, and more generally Clancy
without the prefix Mac.

269 Calraighe. — The name of this territory is still retained in that of
the parish of Calry, in the barony of Carbury and county of Sligo. See
Tribes and Customs of Ui-Fiachrach, p. 482. The O'Cearbhaills or Car-
rolls of this territory are now unknown. The O'Finns are numerous, but
have all dropped the 0'.

270 C'Raghallaigh, now O'Reilly, and more frequently Reilly without the
prefix 0'. The family of O'Reilly supplied the chiefs to Muintir Maoil-
rnordha, a territory which comprised the entire of the present county of
Cavan, except the baronies of Tullyhaw and Tullyhunco, which belonged
to O'Rourke. In the reign of Queen Elizabeth, however, these baronies
were claimed by Sir John O'Reilly, and were confirmed to him by the
government of that day.

271 Race of Fergus. — These were the descendants of Fergus MacRoigh,
king of Ulster in the first century, who settled in many parts of Ireland ;
but the people whom our author is going to visit now were the Mag
Rannells and O'Ferralls, and their correlatives of the counties of Leitrim
and Longford, who were the chief families of the race of Fergus, or of the
Clanna-Rury, in this part of Ireland.

272 (yCidnn, now Quin without the prefix 0'. Their territory of Munter

xxxviii O'DUBHAGAIN.

Gillagan was distributed among the baronies of Ardagh, Moydow, and
Shrule, in the county of Longford. The O'Quins of this race were dispos-
sessed by the O'Ferralls in the fourteenth century. An inquisition, taken
at Ardagh in the tenth year of Jac. I., found that thirty-five small cartrons
of Montergalgan then belonged to O'Farrall Bane, and seventeen and a-half
cartrons to O'Farrall Boye's part of the county of Longford. The O'Quins
are still numerous in this territory.

273 Magh Breacraighe, a plain comprising the northern part of the
barony of Moygoish, in the county of Westmeath, and extending also into
the county of Longford. The name Mag Maoilisa is now obsolete in this
district.

274 Mag-Finnbhairr, now Maginver, and sometimes anglicised Gaynor.
The territory of Muintir Geradhain, anglicised Munter-geran, is situated
on the west side of Lough Gowna, in the county of Longford. See Annals
of Four Masters, A.D. 1080, p. 916, note x.

275 Mag-Raghnaillj now Magrannell, and more frequently anglicised
Reynolds. The territory of Muintir-Eolais comprised the southern half
of the present county of Lei trim. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1079,
p. 51, note b.

276 Muintir Maoilmhiadhaigh, now O'Maoilmhiadhaigh, and anglicised
Mulvey without the prefixed 0'. Magh Nisi, otherwise called Muintir-
Chearbhallain, from the tribe name of this family, and Upper Muintir-
Eolais, was a level district on the east side of the Shannon, in the barony
and county of Leitrim. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1243, p. 306,
note ! ; and Hardiman's edition of Tar Connaught, p. 349.

277 Muintir-Fearghail, i.e., the family of O'Ferrall, who for many cen-
turies were chief lords of the entire of the territory of Anghaile, in the
present county of Longford, though the O'Quins of the same race were
their seniors in point of genealogy. They had sometimes sovereignty
over that suh-section of the race of Fergus, on the east side of the Shan-
non, but never over the whole race of Fergus, who had large territories in
Connaught, as well as in Thomond and Kerry.

278 Cairbre, now the barony of Carbury, in the north of the county of
Sligo. It derived its name from Cairbre, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages,
who was chief of this territory in St. Patrick's time.

279 0* Maoilcluiche. — This name is still common in the barony of Carbury,
but it is always anglicised to Stone, from the idea that cluiche, the latter
part of it, signifies "stone ;" but this is a mere blunder, for Maoilcluiche signi-

TRIBES OF CONNAUGHT. XXXIX

fies youth of the game, on which signification of the name the author
raises a kind of pun. See Tribes and Customs of Ui-Fiachfach, p. 275, note b.
!0 Luiglme, now the barony of Leyny, in the county of Sligo.

281 The Clanna-Cein, i.e., the septs descended from Cian (son of Oilioll
Glum, king of Munster in the third century), whose grandson, Cormac
Gaileng, settled here in the reign of Cormac MacAirt, monarch of Ireland,
See Ogygia, part iii., c. 69.

282 Cfh-Eaghra, now O'Hara, which is extinct in the senior branches but
numerous in the junior branches, whose pedigrees are unknown.

283 O'h-Uathmharain, now obsolete. It would be anglicised Hofferan.
4 The Ui-Cearnachain. — O'Dugan blunders here, and it shows that he

derived the materials of his poem from reading, and not from any actual
visitation of the territories when he composed this poem. O'Cearnachain
was lord of Luighne in Meath, and not of any territory in Connaught. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1030, 1056, 1159.

285 O'Gadhra, now O'Grara. He was lord of Coolavin and Sliabh Lugha.
O'Dugan errs in making O'Gara be of the sept of Ui-Cearnachain.

286 O'Dobhailen, now Devlin, without the 0'. He was lord of Corca-
Firtri, in Corran, in the present county of Sligo. See Ogygia, part ii., c. 69.

287 O'Duinncathaigh. — This name would be anglicised O'Duncahy, or
Duncahy, but it is little known at present.

288 Curann, now Corran, a barony in the county of Sligo. See Ogygia,
part iii., c. 69, for the legendary or bardic derivation of this name.

289 Magh-Luirg Our author has already mentioned this territory in

his notice of the Sil-Muireadhaigh, — vide supra, note 252, p. xxxv. ; but on
his second visit to Connaught, he thinks it his duty to mention its more
ancient chieftains of the Milesian or Scotic race.

290 Mag Eoch, would be anglicised Mageogh, or Keogh, but it seems
obsolete in the territory of Moylurg at present.

291 Mag-Maonaigh, anglicised MacMeeny, now unknown in Moylurg.

292 Mag-Ridbhaigh, anglicised Magreevy. This name is still extant, but
little known. There was another family of this name in the territory of
Calry, near Sligo.

293 Ui-Fiachrach) i.e., the race of Fiachra, son of Eochaidh Muighmheodh-
ain, monarch of Ireland. The territory of the North Ui-Fiachrach com-
prised the baronies of Carra, Erris and Tirawley, in the county of Mayo,
and the barony of Tireragh, in the county of Sligo, besides that portion
of the barony of Carbury, lying south of Drumcliff. See Tribes and Cus-
toms of Ui-Fiachrach

xl O'DUBHAGAIN.

294 The Cod/mack. — This was the name of a small stream which flows
into the bay of Sligo, at the village of Drumcliff, in the barony of Garbury,
and county of Sligo. See Tribes and Customs of Ui-Fiachrach, pp. 278,
279, 301.

295 Rodliba, now the river Robe, flowing through the south of the county
of Mayo, and through the town of Ballinrobe, to which it gives name, and
discharges itself into Lough Mask, opposite the island of Inis-Rodhba.
See Hy-Fiachrach, p. 1 43, note x.

296 (yDnlhda, now anglicised O'Dowda, O'Dowd, and sometimes Doody,
without the prefix 0'. See Tribes and Customs of Ui-Fiachrach, pp. Ill,
112.

297 0' Muireadhaigh, now anglicised Murry and Murray, a name still
common among the peasantry of the barony of Carra. See Ui-Fiachrach,
p. 187, note d.

298 O'Gormog, now anglicised Gorman, without the prefix 0'.

99 O* Tigheamaigh, now anglicised Tierney and Tiernan. The name is
common among the peasantry of the barony of Carra. See Ui-Fiachrach,
p. 186, note b.

300 Ceara, now the barony of Carra, in the county of Mayo. The in-
habitants of the northern part of this territory had placed themselves
under the protection of Mac Dermot of Moylurg, before the English
invasion. See Ui-Fiachrach, pp. 163, 186, 187, 204, 205, 208.

301 The three Tuathas. — These were three territories in the east of
the county of Roscommon, which are still well known. They were
called Tir-Briuin-na-Sinna, Cinel-Dobhtha,and Corca-Eachlann,and formed
a deanery in the diocese of Elphin. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D.
1189, p. 86, note d.

302 Muintir-Bim, i.e., the family of O'Beirne, who were chiefs of Ui-
Briuin-na-Sinna, a beautiful district in the county of Roscommon, situate
between Elphin and Jamestown, of which O'Monahan was chief up to the
year 1249, but afier that period it was the lordship of O'Beirne. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1218, note r.

303 Corca-Sheachlann, or Corca-Achlann, a territory in the east of the
county of Roscommon, comprising the parishes of Bumlin, Kiltrustan and
Cloonfinlough, and the western half of the parish of LissonufFy. See Annals
of Four Masters, A.D. 1256, p. 458, note '. The Clann-Branain, or Mac-
Branans of this territory are descended from the noble Druid, Ona, who
granted Imleach-Ona, now Elphin, to St. Patrick. See Annals of Four
Masters, A.D. 1256, p. 358, note !. The O'Maoilmhichils, or Mulvihils of

TRIBES OF CONNAUGHT. xli

this territory would appear to have lost their rank of chieftains at an
early period, as only one notice of the family occurs in the Annals of the
Four Masters, scil. at the year 1189. The MacBrannans still possess a
small estate at Bellmont in the original territory.

304 Cinel-Dobhtha, now locally called Doohy-Hanly, from its chief
O'Hanly, senior of the Cinel-Dobhtha family. This territory exteude^
along the river Shannon, from Caranadoe Bridge to Drumdaff in the south
of the parish of Kilgefin, and was divided from Corca-Achlann by the
ridge of the mountain of Slieve Baune. It comprises the parishes of
Kilglass, Termonbarry, Cloontuskert, and the eastern half of the parish
of Lossonuffy. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1210, pp. 169, 170,
note e.

35 Cinel-Fechin. — This would appear from the context to be the generic
name for the three septs of the three Tuathas, but it does not appear from
their line of descent that they ever had any such appellation.

306 Ciarraighe of the plain, now called Clann-Ceithernaigh, a district
comprising the parish of Kilkeevin, in the modern barony of Castlerea
in the west of the county of Roscommon. See Annals of Four Masters,
A.D. 1595, p. 1963, note r ; and O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part Hi., c. 46.

307 MacCeithearnaigh, now obsolete as a family name.

308 Clann-Cheirin, i.e., the family of O'Ceirin, now anglicised Kerrin,
without the prefix 0'.

309 Clann-Taidhg. — This sept was seated in lochtar-tire. Mr. Molloy,
of Oakport, in the county of Roscommon, is the present head of this family.
The O'Molloys of this territory are to be distinguished from the O'Molloys
of Fircall, in the King's county.

310 Siol-Maoilruana. — This was the tribe name of the O'Flynns of the
county of Roscommon, and their territory comprised the entire of the
parish of Kiltullagh, and a part of that of Kilkeevin. The Ui-Floinn or
O'Flynns are still very numerous in this district.

311 Caille-Fothaidh. — The limits of this territory have not been deter-
mined. The family of O'Rothlain, now Rowley, was seated in the parish
of Kilshesnan, barony of Gallen, and county of Mayo. See Annals of
Four Masters, A.D. 1208, p. 160, note n.

312 MacSgaithghil, now anglicised Scahill. The territory of CorcaMogha
(Corcamoe), which comprised the parish of Kilkerrin, in the county of
Galway, originally belonged to O'Scahill, before the English invasion, but
they were soon after dispossessed by the Ui-Diarmada or O'Concannons.

313 Loch Gealgosa. — This name is now obsolete. It was probably the

xlii O'DUBHAGAIN.

name of Urlare Lough, in the barony of Costello and county of Mayo. The
O'Braoins, or O'Breens, of this territory are now unknown.

314 Eochaidh, i.e., Eochaidh Muighmheadhain, monarch of Ireland,
father of Brian, ancestor of the kings of Connacht, and father also of
Conall Orison, ancestor of the O'Malleys, chiefs of the two Umhalls, now
the baronies of Murresk and Burrishoole, in the west of the county of
Mayo. See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii., c. 79.

315 Clann-Maille, i.e., the family of O'Malley.

316 Prophets of the weather. — The O'Malleys are celebrated in several
Irish poems as most expert seamen. They are called the Manannans, or
sea-gods, of the western ocean. Grace O'Malley, the daughter of Owen
O'Malley, chief of this territory, was celebrated over all Ireland in the
reign of Queen Elizabeth. She visited England, and was introduced to
Queen Elizabeth by the Lord Deputy of that day by a letter which is still
extant in the State Paper Office.

317 Conmaicne-Cuile-toladh, now the barony of Kilmaine, in the south of
the county of Mayo. See Ogygia, part iii., c. 46. There are a few fami-
lies of the sept of O'Talcharain still remaining in this barony, but they have
dwindled into peasantry. They anglicise the name Tolleran.

318 Conmaicne-mara, i.e., Conmaicne of the sea, now Connemara in the
barony of Ballynahinch, in the west of the county of Galway. Ogygia,
part iii., c. 46.

319 O'Cadhla, now Keely. See Hardiman's edition of lar-Connaught,
p. 29, note w. This name was anglicised Quseleus by the Roman Catholic
Archbishop of Tuam, who was contemporary with Colgan, author of the
Acta Sanctorum.

320 Conmaicne of Dunmor, now the barony of Dunmore, in the north of
the county of Galway. Ogygia, part iii., c. 46.

321 /Sidhlin to the Shannon. — This is evidently a mistake.

322 Gno-mor,a, territory in the west of the county of Galway; it comprised
the northern and larger part of the barony of Moycullen, in the county of
Galway. See Ogygia, part iii. c. 82. These were of the race of Lughaidh
Dealbhaedh — of the Dalcassian race. The family of MacConroi have all
anglicised their name to King, and their seat of Ballymaconry is now
called Kingston ! See Hardiman's edition of O'Flaherty's lar-Con naught,
pp. 52, 54, 62, 156, 252, 255, 391, 392.

323 Gno-beg. — This territory comprised the southern and smaller portion
of the said barony of Moycullen. See lar-Connanght, ubi supra. The
name O'ffadhnaidh is now anglicised Heyny, without the prefix 0'.

TRIBES OF CONNAUGHT. xliii

324 Clann-Choscraigh. These were a sub-section of the Ui-Briuiu-Seola,
seated on the east side of Lough Corrib, in the barony of Clare and county
of Qalway. The name, MacAodha, is now anglicised MacHugh.

325 The race o/Murchadh, more usually called Muintir-Murchadha, now
anglicised Muntermorroghoe, applied to a district in the barony of Clare,
and county of Galway. It was the tribe name of the family of O'Flaith-
bheartaigh, now O'Flaherty. See lar Connaught, 368.

326 Aidhne, a territory in the south of the county of Galway, coexten-
sive with the diocese of Kilmacduagh. See Tribes and Customs of Hy-
Many, p. 77, and Hy-Fiachrach, p. 52, note !.

327 Ui-Fiachrach, i.e., evidently of the southern Ui-Fiachrach, seated in
Aidhne, for he has already treated of the northern Ui-Fiachrach, in the
counties of Mayo and Sligo.

328 Mac Gilla-Ceallaigh, now anglicised Killykelly, and Kilkelly, with-
out the prefix Mac. The name is extant, and respectable in this district.

329 The Ui-Eidhin, i.e., the O'Heynes, a famous family of this territory,
of the race of Guaire Aidhne, surnamed the Hospitable, king of Con-
naught, in the seventh century. See Tribes and Customs of Hy-Fiachrach,
pp. 398-406.

330 The Ui-Cleirigh, i.e., the O'Clerys. This family was originally
seated in Ui-Fiachrach Aidhne, but was dispersed to different parts of Ire-
land after the English invasion. For a curious account of this family, as
preserved by themselves, see Tribes and Customs of Ui-Fiachrach, pp. 71
to 91, and 391 to 398.

331 Cinel-Cinngamhna, a tribe of the southern Ui-Fiachrach, situated
near Kinvara, in the south-west of the county Galway, descended from
Seanach Cinngamhna, son of Eoghan Aidhne, and grandson of Dathi, the
last pagan monarch of Ireland. O'Duibhghiolla, the name of the chief
of this ancient sept, has not been identified.

332 Caenraighe, a sept not of the race of Fiachra, but of the cognate race
of Conn, who had been seated here before the Ui-Fiachrach. O'Maghna,
their chief, is now unknown. See Hy-Fiachrach, p. 53.

333 Cinel-Aodha, i.e., the race of Aodh, son of Cobhthach, son of Goibh-
nenn, son of Conall, son of Eoghan Aidhne, son of Eochaidh Breac, son of
Dathi, last pagan monarch of Ireland. This tribe, whose chiefs in latter
ages were the O'Shaughnessys and O'Cahills, possessed the eastern half
of the diocese of Kilmacduagh, in the county of Galway. See Ui-Fiach-
rach, p. 55.

xliv O'DUBIIAGAIN.

334 Echtghe, the name of a celebrated mountainous district on the
confines of the counties of Galway and Clare. It is now generally called
Sliabh Eachtaighe, an ff lice Slieve Aughty.

335 Maonmhagh, usually anglicised Moinmoy, a rich plain, lying around
Loughrea, in the county of Galway. It was bounded on the east by the
territory of Sil-Amnchadha, on the south by the mountain of Sliabh Echtghe,
on the west by the diocese of Kilmacduagh. It comprised Moyode, Finure,
and other places mentioned in the old Irish documents.

336 Caradh, now Caradh na dTuath (Carranadoo), in the barony of
Ballintober east, in the county of Roscommon.

337 Grian, i.e., the river Grean, in the county of Clare, which was
originally the southern boundary of Hy-Many. See Tribes and Terri-
tories of Hy-Many, p. 134.

338 The great third of Connacht, in the territory of Hy-Many, which
comprised the third part of the province of Connacht.

339 Sionainn, i.e., the river Shannon, which was the eastern boundary
of Hy-Many, except in one point, where Hy-Many extended beyond it,
at least for several centuries, for it comprised the present parish of Lus-
magh in the King's county.

340 Meadh-Siuil, now Knockmea, near Castle Hackett, about six miles
south-east of Tuam, in the county of Galway. . This was on the western
boundary of Hy-Many.

341 O'Conaill. — This name is now unknown in Hy-Mauy. See Tribes
and Territories of Hy-Many, p. 68.

342 Grian. — This river is now in the county of Clare, rising on the fron-
tiers of the ancient Hy-Many. By " head of the great plain," is here meant,
the head of the plain of Maonmhagh.

343 OWeachtain, now anglicised O'Naghten, and, more usually, Naugh-
ton, and Norton, without the prefix 0'. For the descent and present
circumstances of this family, see Tribes, &c. of Hy-Many, pp. 70, and
176, 177.

344 (yMaolalaidh, now usually Mullally and Lally, without the prefix
0'. After the English invasion this family was transferred from the plain
of Maonmhagh, to the parish of Tuam, where their chief resided in the
castle of Tullindal. The head of this family removed to France in the
seventeenth century, where his descendants acquired European celebrity.
For the pedigree of this family, see Tribes, &c. of Hy-Many, p. 71, and
177 to 183.

TRIBES OF CONN AUGHT. xlv

345 As far as Ui-Fiachrach. — This line shows that the plain of Maon-
mhagh extended westwards to the country of the Ui-Fiachrach Aidhne,
which comprised the entire of the present diocese of Kilmacduagh.

346 The six Sodhans — From various references it appears that the terri-
tory of these six septs (who were not of the Hy-Many, but of the race of
Sodhan Salbhuidhe, son of Fiacha Araidhe, king of Ulster, about the year
A.D. 240), were nearly co-extensive with the barony of Tiaquin, in the
county of Galway. See Tribes, &c., of Hy-Many, p. 72, 73-159, 160-165.
The O'Mannins and Mac Wards were the chief families of this territory ;
the others were O'Scurry, O'Lerinain, O'Casain, O'Gialla, O'Maigin, and
O'Duvagan. See Tribes, &c. of Hy-Many, p. 159.

347 Crumhthann. — This territory still retains its ancient name, which
is anglicised Cruffon. It is a large district in the county of Galway,
comprising the barony of Killyan, and a considerable portion of the
adjoining barony of Ballimoe. The families mentioned in the text are
now called Cahill, Moran, and Mulrony, without the prefix 0', but no
pedigrees of them are preserved.

348 Caladh. — This district was nearly coextensive with the barony of
Kilconnell, in the county of Galway. The family name of O'Laodhog is
now obsolete, but it is locally believed to be the name now anglicised Lee,
the latter syllable being struck off. See Tribes and Territories of Hy-
Many, pp. 74, 75,

349 Sionainn. — This cannot mean the river Shannon, because the ter-
ritory of Caladh is very far from that river; either it should be naSuca,
of the river Suck, or na Sionna bears some other meaning. See Hy-Many,
p. 74.

350 Ui-Anmchadha, otherwise Siol-Anmchadha. The territory of this
sept comprised the barony of Longford, in the county of Galway, and
the parish of Lusmagh, on the east side of the Shannon, in the King's
county. Though O'Dugan makes O'h-Uallachain (now MacUllachain,
anglicised Cuolahan), the chief of this territory, it would appear from the
Irish Annals that the family of O'Madden have been for centuries far
more celebrated, and that O'h-Uallachain had no possessions on the west
side of the Shannon for many centuries. See Tribes, &c. of Hy-Many,
p. 41, and 183 to 188.

351 MacEitteagain. — This seems to be a corrupt writing of MacAedh-
agan, now MacEgan. See Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, pp. 31, 86, 168.

352 MacGiolla-Fhionnagain, now unknown. See Tribes, Ac. of Hy-Many,
pp. 30, 31, 75.

xlvi O'DUBHAGAIN.

353 Clann-Chionaoith, otherwise called Muintir-Chionaoith. The family
name was (yCionaoith, now Kenny.

354 0' Domhnallain, now Donolan, without the prefix 0'. See Tribes
and Customs of Hy-Many, pp. 32, 33, 76, 169, 174. The territory of
this family, anciently called Clann-Breasail, is situated between the towns
of Ballinasloe and Loughrea. For several centuries the chief mansion of
the family has been called Ballydonolan.

355 Ui-Donnchadha. — O'Donaghue is now unknown.

356 Ui-Cormaic.—See Tribes, &c. of Hy-Many, pp. 76, 77.

357 The Lathach, i.e., the mire or quagmire. The situation of this
territory is unknown to the editor. It is not Lathach Caichtubil, near
Athlone.

358 Inis Duibhghinn. — It consisted of twelve bailies. This is probably
the same name as O'Dubhagain or O'Dugan. See Tribes and Territories
of Hy-Many, pp. 28, 29, 62, 75, 76, 77. Ballydugan, near Roscrea, is
believed to have been the head residence of this little territory.

359 0' Docamlain, now unknown, as is their territory of Rinn na
hEighnidhe. See Tribes and Territories of Hy-Many, pp. 13, 76, 77, 85,
87, 90, 91.

360 Magh-Finn, i.e., fair plain; a territory in the barony of Athlone,
county of Roscommon, containing forty quarters of land, and now com-
monly called Keogh's Country. The Keoghs or MacKeoghs, a branch of
the O'Kellys, have been chiefs of this district for many centuries. The
family of O'Maoilbhrighde are now unknown in this neighbourhood.

361 firighi^ j>et> St. Brighit, or Brigit, of Kildare, to whom this parish
was dedicated. See Hy-Many, pp. 15, 75, 77, 78, 102, 130, 166, 167.

362 Bredach. — This was the old name of Magh-Finn.

NOTES TO THE PART OF O'DUGAN'S POEM RELATING TO LEINSTER.

363 MacMurchadha, i.e., Murchardides, or descendant of Murchadh, sur-
nanied Maolnambo, king of Leinster, anglicised MacMurrough. The
principal branch of this family took the surname of Caomhanach, from
their progenitor, Domhnall Caomhanach, son (illegitimate, according to
Giraldus), of the king of Leinster, at the period of the English invasion.
This family is now known by the name of Kavanagh, and are very
numerous in Leinster.

TRIBES OF LEINSTEK. xlvii

364 Ui n-Enechlais, more correctly Ui-Enechglais. They were the de-
scendants of Breasal Einechghlas, son of Cathaoir Mor, monarch of Ireland
in the second century, and were seated in the present barony of Arklow
and county of Wicklow. See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 195, note g. The
name O'Fiachrach is now obsolete.

365 Plain of Cualann. — This territory was called Fercuolen [Feara
Cualann] in the reign of Elizabeth and Jac I. when it was considered to
be coextensive with the manor of Powerscourt, but it was anciently much
more extensive. The family of O'Cosgraigh is now unknown. They were
dispossessed shortly after the English invasion by the families of O'Toole
and O'Byrne.

366 Ui-Drona, now the barony of Idrone, in the county of Carlow. The
O'Ryans, or Ryans, of this race are still very numerous, but they are to be
distinguished from the O'Mulryans of the county of Tipperary, who also
shorten their name to Ryan. Both, however, are of the race of Cathaoir
Mor, king of Leinster in the second century.

367 The Ui-Muireadhaigh. — This was the tribe name of the family of
O'Tuathail, now anglicised O'Toole, and was also applied to their ter-
ritory, which comprised about the southern half of the present county
of Kildare. Shortly after the English invasion, the O'Tooles were driven
from this level district, and they settled in the territory of Imaile, and
soon after in that of Fercuolen. See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 210, note !.

368 Ui-Faolain. — This was the tribe name of the Mac Eochaidhs (Keoghs)
and O'Byrnes, and was also applied to their territory, which comprised
about the northern half of the county of Kildare. They were driven from
thence shortly after the English invasion, when they settled in the east of
the present county of Wicklow.

369 Ui-Bairche. — This tribe, giving name to the territory in which they
were seated, derived their name from Daire Barrach, second son of Cathaoir
Mor, king of Leinster and monarch of Ireland in the second century.
They were seated between the Ui-Drona and the Ui-Muireadhaigh, and
possessed the whole of the present barony of Slievemargy, and some of
the adjoining districts of the county of Carlow. The Mac Germans were
driven from this territory after the English invasion, and their chief
settled in the barony of Ibrickan, in the west of Thomond, in the present
county of Clare.

370 Ui-Failghe, i.e., the descendants of Rossa Failghe, the eldest son of
Cathaoir Mor. The country of this tribe originally comprised the baro-

xlviii O'DUBHAGAIN.

nies of East and West Offal y, in the county of Kildare, those of Portna-
hinch and Tinnahinch in the Queen's county, and that portion of the King's
county comprised in the diocese of Kildare and Leighlin. See Leabhar
nagCeart, pp. 193,216.

371 (yBrogarbhain, now unknown in Offaly.

372 Clann-Chionaith, now Kenny, obscure and little known in this ter-
ritory.

373 Clann-Chonchobhair, i.e., the family of O'Conchobhair or O'Conor,
who were the head chiefs of this territory till the reign of Philip and
Mary, when they were dispossessed, after which O'Dempsey became the
most powerful family of the Ui-Failghe, and remained so till the Revolu-
tion of 1688.

374 O'Duinns, i.e., the family of O'Doyne, or Dunn, of Iregan, now the
barony of Portnahinch in the Queen's county. Colonel Francis Dunne, M.P.
is the present head of this family.

375 O'Diomasaigh, now O'Dempsey, or Dempsey, without the prefix.
The Viscount Clanmalier was the head of this family at the Revolution of
1688. They are now obscure, and sunk into poverty and degradation.

376 O'Aenghusa, now Heunessy, without the 0'. The name is still
common in the Queen's county, but confined to the lower classes.

377 Q'Aimirgin, now anglicised Mergin and Bergin, a name very com-
mon about Geashill in the King's county.

378 Clann-Murchadhain, i.e., the family of O'Murchadhain, now called
Morachain ; but they are little known, and the name is sometimes
anglicised Moran and Morrin.

379 Cairbre, now the barony of Carbury, in the north-west of the county
of Kildare. The family name, O'Ciardha, is now anglicised Keary and
Carey, and the name is common, but to be found only among the lower
orders. See Hy-Fiachrach, pp. 276, 277.

ago Qsraighe, an ancient territory in Leinster, coextensive with the pre-
sent diocese of Ossory.

381 Clann-Cearbhaill, i.e., the race of Cearbhall, a celebrated chief of
Ossory in the middle of the ninth century.

382 Clann-Donnchadha, i.e., the family of O'Dunchadha, now anglicised
Dunphy.

383 Mac Giollaphatraic, now anglicised Fitzpatrick.

384 O'Bmadair, now anglicised Brothers and Broderic.

385 Mac Braoin, now Breen, without the Mac.

TRIBES OF CONN AUGHT. xlix

386 CPBraonains, anglicised O'Brennan and Brennan, the name of a nume-
rous sept in Ossory.

387 Three tribes of Munstermen. — These tribes were of the race of the
kings of Leinster.

388 The Comar, or Confluence. This was the old name of CaStlecomer,
in the county of Kilkenny.

389 Ui-Eirc, now the barony of Iverk, in the south of the county of
Kilkenny.

NOTES TO O'HuiDHRiN.

390 Who is not old. — Compare the observations in the poem of Dubh-
thach Mac Ui Lughair. Leabhar na gCeart, page 237.

391 Boinn, the Bubinda of Ptolemy, now the river Boyne, the country to
the south of which O'Huidhrin undertook to describe.

392 Fodhla, one of the old names of Ireland. See note 2, supra.

393 Which Conn divided. — This alludes to the division made of Ireland,
in the second century, into two equal parts, between Conn of the Hundred
Battles, and Eoghan Mogh Nuadhat ; a line of low gravel hills extending
from Dublin to Clarm-bridge, near Galway, forming the boundary between
them.

394 O'Dubhagain, i.e., John Mor O'Dubhagain, O'Duvegan, or O'Dugan,
the author of the former part of this poem. Notwithstanding the evidence
of this statement, Dr. Lynch attributes the whole of the two parts of the
poem to O'Duveganus, which is incorrect. Both copies of the poems still
extant are older than Lynch's time.

395 Daoil. — This was, and is still, the name of several rivers in Ireland.
O'Huidhrin seems to have in* view here the river Daoil (Deel), which
rises in the mountains near Charleville, county Cork, flows through Rath-
keale, in the county of Limerick, and pays its tribute to the Shannon.
The Barrow, or the Slaney, would be more appropriately mentioned, in
connexion with the race of Cathaoir.

396 Race of Cathaoir — This race comprised the principal families of
Leinster.

397 From ancient books. — This is the fact; for he mentions many fami-
lies who were decayed in his time.

398 Leath-Mhogha, the southern half of Ireland. According to the

E

1 O'HUIDHRIN.

bardic History, Eibher Finn, eldest son of Milesius, was the ancestor of the
principal Milesian families of the south of Ireland.

399 Lutmneach. — This name, though now generally believed to be the name
of the city of Limerick, was anciently applied to the lower Shannon only.

400 The Gaoidhil, i.e., the Scoti, or Milesian Irish.

401 province Of the race of Cathaoir, i.e., the province of Laighin, now
called Leinster.

402 Sabhrann. — This was an old name of the river Lee, in the county
of Cork. See Annals of the Four Masters, A.D. 1163, p. 1151.

403 The Dun of Dubhlinn, i.e., the fort of Dublin.

404 Boirinn, i.e., Burren, a rocky barony, in the north of the present
county of Clare.

405 Mac Murchadha, usually anglicized Mac Murrough. The chief family
of this race took the surname of Kavanagh, and the present chief of the name
is Arthur Kavanagh, Esq., of Borris, in the county of Carlow, who inherits
a very considerable portion of the territory of his ancestors. See Annals
of the Four Masters, A.D. 1193, p. 97, note f. Nas, now the town of
Naas, in the county of Kildare, was one of the chief seats of the kings
of Leinster, from the remotest period, but it does not appear to have
been at any time occupied by the family of Mac Murrough. It was
rather the seat of the ancestors of the O'Byrries, whose progenitors had
been the earlier kings of Leinster.

406 Vi Failghe, usually anglicised Offaly, Ophaly, Ac., a large territory
in Leinster. It comprised the baronies of East and West Offaly, in the
county of Kildare, those of Portnahinch and Tinnahinch, in the Queen's
county, and that portion of the King's County comprised in the dioceses of
Kildare and Leighlin. The Ui-Failghe were the descendants of Ross
Failghe, the eldest son of Cathaoir Mor, monarch of Ireland in the second
century.

407 O'Conchobfutir, now anglicised O'Conor. The O'Conors of this race
are to be distinguished from those of Silmurray, in Connaught, and various
other families who bore the same name, but were of totally different stocks,
as O'Conor of Kerry, O'Conor Corcomroe, O'Conor of Glengevin, &c.

408 Of the plain — The territory of this race is a perfect plain, there
being scarcely any elevation in its whole extent, from the hill of Croghan
to Slieve Bloom.

409 Cruachan, originally called Cruachan Bri-Eile, now Croghan, a con-
spicuous hill in the barony of Lower Philipstown, in the north of the

TRIBES OF LEINSTEII. li

King's County. See Annals of the Four Masters, A.D. 1385, p. 700.
O'Conor Faly had a castle at the foot of this hill.

410 Sub-Chiefs, i.e., the chieftains subject to O'Conor Faly, who was
the head chief or king of this territory.

411 Ui-Riagain, now anglicised Oregan, Iregan, and Dooregan. This
territory still locally retains its ancient name, and is co-extensive with
the barony of Tinnahinch, in the north-west of the Queen's County. The
present representative of O'Duinn, of this territory, is Colonel Francis
Duinne, M.P. For his pedigree, see Annals of the Four Masters, A.D.
1448, p. 968, and 1585, p. 1840.

412 O'h-Aenghusa, now Hennessy, without the prefix 0'. The family is
still very numerous in Offaly but reduced to obscurity. Their territory
of Clan-Colgain, which adjoined the hill of Croghan, is comprised in the
barony of Lower Philipstown, in the King's County. For the descent of
this family, see Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1414, pp. 819, 820.

413 Tuath-da-mhuighe, i.e., the cantred of the two plains, called Tuomoy
on an old map of Leix and Offaly, made in the reign of Philip and Mary ;
and in other documents, Tethmoy. It appears from this map that Tuomoy
Nether and Upper comprised the baronies of Warrenstown and Coolestown,
in the King's County. The family name, O'Maoilchein, is now unknown
in this territory.

414 Cantred ofGeisill, now the barony of Geshill, in the King's County.

415 Border of Leinster. — He was in Leinster, and on the borders of the
ancient Meath.

416 O'h-Aimirgin, now locally anglicised Bergin, but more correctly
made Mergin in other parts of Leinster. This family is still very nume-
rous.

417 Magh Aoife, a district in the barony of East Offaly, adjoining
Tethmoy. O'Murchadhain is now shortened to Moran and Morrin, but
the ancient Irish form is preserved by those who speak Irish.

418 Fidh GaibUe. — This was the name of a celebrated wood of Leinster,
in which St. Berchan erected the Church of Clonsasta. It is now locally
called Fee-Goille or Fee-guile, and is situated in the parish of Cloonsast,
barony of Coolestown, and King's County . See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 2 1 4,
note °.

419 Clann Maoilughra, usually anglicised Clanmaliere, a territory ex-
tending, on both sides of the river Barrow, into the King's and Queen's
Counties. It contained the barony of Portnahinch, in the Queen's County,

E2

lii O'HUIDHRIN.

on the south side of the Barrow, and that of Upper Philipstown, in the
King's County, on the north side of the same river. The name O'Dioma-
saigh is now anglicised O'Dempsey. Its head was ennobled by Charles
II., but the family is now reduced to obscurity in Clanmaliere. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1577.

420 Leghe. — This territory comprised the barony of Western Ofialy, and
a small portion of the northern part of the barony of Portnahinch, in
which the great castle of Leighe, now Ley, or Lea, is situated.

421 Laoighis, usually anglicised Leix, and latinized Lagisia. This terri-
tory comprised the eastern and southern baronies of the present Queen's
County. The present baronies of Upper Ossory, Portnahinch, and Tinna-
hinch, in the Queen's County, never formed any part of Leix.

422 Laoighis-Reata. — This was the most distinguished of the seven
divisions of Laoighis, containing the fort of Rath-Bacain and the rock of
Lec-Keda. See Annals of Four Masters, A.M. 3529, and A.D. 958, notea.
The name O'Mordha is usually anglicised O'More, but it is sometimes
made Moore, without the prefix 0'.

423 Dun-Masc, now Dunamase, in the barony of East Maryborough,
Queen's County. It is said to have derived this name from Masc, son of
Augen Urgnuidh, the fourth son of Sedna Siothbhaic, ancestor of the
people of Leinster. See Annals of the Four Masters, A.D. 843, note a.
It is a lofty isolated rock, on which formerly stood an earthen fort or
stone Cathair, but which is now crowned by the ruins of a strong castle.
See- Leabhar na gCeart, p. 216, note q.

424 O'Duibh. — This is probably the name now anglicised Deevy and
sometimes Devoy. Their territory of Cinel Crimthainn, extending round
the fortress of Dun-Masc, is comprised in the barony of East Maryborough,
in the Queen's County. See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 216, note**.

426 Muintir-Fiodhbhuidhe. — The situation of this sept has not yet been
determined.

426 Magh DrucJitain. — This territory is still locally known, and is con-
sidered the best district in the whole of the Queen's County, extending
from the ford of Ath-baiteoige to the ford of Ath-fuiseoige, near Lugga-
curran. It is shown on an old map of " Leax and Ophaly," made in the
reign of Queen Mary, under the name of FERAN O'KiLLY, as extending
from Ballymaddock, southwards to the hills of Slewmargie, and as com-
prising Ballymaddock, the Park, near Stradbally ; and the churches of
Grange and Oghteoge, and the castle of Coragh are shown as in this

TRIBES OF LEINSTER. liii

territory. The present reputed head of this sept of the O'Kellys is Mr.
Denis Kelly of Castletown-Omey, son of Thomas, son of Silvester, son of
Laurence Kelly of Rathmore, near Ballyadaras, who died in 1799. See
Annals of the Four Masters, A.D. 1394, p. 733, note1.

427 Fruitful land of promise. — These words clearly show that O'Heerin
was well acquainted with the fertility and beauty of this territory.

428 Cfailine, now Gallen or Dysart-Gallen, in the barony of Cullenagh,
Queen's County. It is shown on the old map of "Leax and Ophaly" as
extending from near Abbeyleix to the boundary of Slewmargie, See An-
nals of Four Masters, A.D. 1394, p. 733, note s.

429 (Jrioch Qm-Buidhe, a territory comprised in the present barony of
Ballyadams, in the Queen's County. See Leabhar-na-yCeart, p. 214. The
church of Killabban was in it.

430 Bearbha, i.e., the River Barrow, which flows between this territory
and that of Ui-Muireadhaigh.

431 0' Caollaidhe. — This name is still common in Leinster, but always
incorrectly anglicised Kelly. It should be made O'Cayley or O'Kaely.

432 Ui-Barrtha, i.e., descendants of Daire Barrach, second son of
Cathaoir, king of Leinster and of all Ireland, in the second century. This
sept was seated in the barony of Slewmargy, in the south-east of the
Queen's County. See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 212, note m.

433 O'Qormain — This family was driven from this territory after the
English Invasion, and the chief of them ultimately fixed his residence in
the barony of Ibrickan, in Thomond. The name of this family is always
written MacGormain in the Irish annals, and MacGorman on all the old
tombstones of the family in the county of Clare. See Leabhar na gCeart, pp.
213, 214, note1".

434 Dinn-righ, i.e., the Hill of the Kings. This was the most ancient
palace of the kings of Leinster. The ruins of it are pointed out in the
townland of Ballyknockan, on the west side of the River Barrow, about a
quarter of a mile to the south of Leighlin Bridge, in the county of Carlow.
See Leabhar na gCeart, pp. 14, 15, note °.

435 Maislin, now Mullaghmast, a remarkable fort, situate on a hill of
the same name, in the parish of Narraghmore, about five miles to the east
of Athy, in the county of Kildare. See Leabhar na gCeart , p. 14, note J.
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1577.

436 Ui-Muireadhaight called O'Murethi by Giraldus. This was the
tribe name of the O'Tuathails, or O'Tooles, and their territory comprised

liv O'HUIDHRIN.

about the southern half of the county of Kildare. See Leabhar na gCeart,
p. 210, note *, and Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1180, p. 51, note e.

437 Almhain, now Allen, a celebrated hill in the county of Kildare,
situate about five miles northwards of the town of Kildare. See Leabhar
na gCeart, p. 14, note *.

438 Mac GiollaMocholmog. — This family has been extinct for many cen-
turies. They were chiefs of the territory of Ui-Dunchadha, comprising
that portion of the present county of Dublin through which the River
Dodder flows. See Annals of Four Masters, at the years 956, 995, 1032,
1044, 1155 ; and Leabhar na gCeart, p. 12, .note f. For their pedigree, see
Gilbert's History of Dublin, vol. i. ; Appendix, No. 1, pp. 403-408.

439 Feara-Cualann, anglicised Fercuolen, an ancient territory, nearly
coextensive with the half barony of Rathdown, in the north of the county
of Wicklow. See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 13, note b, and Ussher's Primor-
dia, p. 846.

440 The plain of the Life, otherwise called Magh-Life. This was the
name of a level plain in the county of Kildare, through which the River
Liffey winds its course. The churches of Cill-Ausaille and Cill-Cuillinn
(Killossy and Kilcullen) are mentioned as in this plain. See Colgan's
Trias Thaum., p. 152, and Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, vol.
i., pp. 273, 276,

441 West beyond Teamhair. — This must be a mistake.

443 Q'Gealbrain. — This name does not occur in the Annals of the Four
Masters, and seems to be obsolete at present.

443 Q'Taidhg. — This name would be anglicised O'Teige ; but it seems
to be obsolete, unless it be one of the several old Irish names now anglicised
Tighe.

444 Ui~Mail, now Imail, a well-known territory in the barony of Upper
Talbotstown, in the county of Wicklow. The O'Tooles were driven into
this territory shortly after the English Invasion.

445 Ui-Teigh, — This was the tribe name of the Ui Ceallaigh Ctialann in
the north of the present county of Wicklow. See Annals of Four Masters,
A.D. 713, note h ; 765, note x ; 915, note '.

446 Cairbre of Leinster, now the barony of Carbury, in the county of
Kildare. See note 413, supra, and Tribes and Customs of Ui-Fiachrach,
pp. 276, 277.

447 O'Ciardha, now anglicised Keary and Carey, a rather numerous name
in the counties of Meath and Kildare.

TRIBES OF LEINSTER. ly

448 Almhain, now the Hill of Allen, in the county of Kildare. From
this it would appear that Cairbre Ua-Ciardha must have originally ex-
tended to this hill.

449 Cruachan, now the conspicuous Hill of Croghan, in the barony of
Lower Philipstown, in the north of the King's County. See note 409,
supra.

450 Fortuatha of Leinster. — This territory comprised the Glen of Imail
and Glendalough, in the present county of Wicklow. See Annals of Four
Masters, A.D. 707, 774, 1039, and Leabharna gCeart, p. 207, note d.
O'Fearghaile was the chief of this territory.

451 prom tfie Boinn. — This seems to indicate that the Fortuatha of Lein-
ster were from the neighbourhood of the River Boyne, and were of the
race of Colla, and Conn of the Hundred Battles.

452 Ui-Inechrais. — This is a mistake for Ui-Einechghlais, a tribe de-
scended from Breasal Einechglais [Breasal of the Green Face], son of
Cathaoir Mor, monarch of Ireland in the second century. This tribe was
seated in the present barony of Arklow, in the south-east of the county of
Wicklow. See Ledbhar na gCeart, p. 195, note g ; p. 207, note e.

453 (JFiachra. — This name is now unknown in the county of Wicklow.
See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1154, 1170.

454 Almhuin. — This is some place, now unknown, in the barony of
Arklow, as it cannot be the Hill of Almhain or Allen, in the county of
Kildare.

455 O'h-Aodha, now anglicised Hay and Hughes.

456 Ui-Deaghaidh. — This name is still preserved, and is that of a rural
deanery in the diocese of Ferns, which is nearly coextensive with the
barony of Gorey, in the county of Wexford.

457 Ui-Muirts. — This name is now forgotten in Leinster. The situa-
tions of the territories of Cinel-Flaitheamhain and Ui-Mealla are now
unknown.

458 O'Finntighearn, now anglicised Finneran.

459 O* Murchadha, anciently anglicised O'Murchoe, but now generally
Murphy, without the prefix 0'. See observations on this name at note
100, supra, and in the Introduction to the present volume.

460 Jji-Felme, i.e., descendants of Felim, son of Enna Censellagh, king of
Leinster in the fifth century. This was the tribe name of the O'Murchoes,
and it was also applied, as usual among the old Irish, to their territory,
which comprised the barony of Ballaghkeen, in the east of the county of

Ivi O'HUIDHRIN.

Wexford, still called the Murroes territory. Connell O'Murchoe, the head
of this family, lived at Toberlumnich, in the Murroes, in 1634. There
was another respectable branch of the family at Oulartleigh, who possessed
a considerable estate down to our own times. O'Murchadha, which is
now anglicised Murphy, is the most prevalent name in the province of
Leinster. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1381, p. 684, note m; also
the Annuary of the Kilkenny Archaeological Society for the year 1858,
vol. i., p. 1, p. 24, et seq.

461 Ui-Felme the northern. — The territory of this sept was situated in
the present county of Carlow (and comprised the present parish of Tullogh-
phelini, in the barony of Rathvilly, county of Carlow), which retains the
name. Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1381, note m, and Ledbhar-na-
gCeart, p. 208, note f.

462 O'Gairbhidh, now anglicised Garvey, without the prefix 0'.

463 Tulach, now the town of Tullow (in the parish of Tulloghphelim),
which was the residence of the chieftain of this territory.

464 Siol-Brain, now the barony of Shelburne, in the south-west of the
county of Wexford.

465 Dubhthoire. — This name would be anglicised Duffry, which is now
the name of a district near Mount Leinster, in the county of Wexford j
but the place here referred to must be placed farther to the south-west.

466 prom the £earbha to the tilaine, i.e., from the River Barrow to the
River Slaney.

467 Beanntraiglie, now the Barony of Bantry, in the county of Wexford,
lying between these rivers. The Clann-Coscraigh are now unknown.

468 Fearann-deiscertach, i.e, the southern land. This is probably the
present barony of Bargy. The family name O'Duibhginn is still very
common in Leinster, and is anglicised Deegin and Duggan. It is to be
distinguished from O'Dubhagain.

469 Fothart of the Cam, so called from Cam sore point, its eastern extre-
mity, now the barony of Forth, in the south-east of the county of Wexford.
The people called Fotharta were, according to the Irish genealogists, the
descendants of Eochaidh Finn Fothairt, brother of Conn of the Hundred
Battles.

470 O'Lorcain, now always anglicised Larkin, without the prefix 0'.
This name is very common in Leinster, but the pedigree has not been
preserved, as the family had sunk into obscurity at an early period.

471 Crioch-na-gCenel, also called Fearann na gCenel. — Fernegenall was

TRIBES OF LEINSTER. Ivii

granted by the Earl Richard Strongbow to Maurice de Prendergast. See
Harris's Hibernica, p. 41. This territory would appear to ha^e comprised
the district around Artramont, and to be included in the barony of Shel-
maliere East. It was divided from the town of Wexford by the River
Slaney. The exact situation of this territory is pointed out as follows by
Giraldus, Topographia Hib., Dist. ii., c. 32, where it is corruptly called
Fernigenan : — " De ratis per sanctum Ivoruni a Fernigenan expulsis.
Est in Lagenia provincia qusedam quae Fernigenan [Fernigenal] dicitur,
quam a Gwesefordia solum Slanensis aqua disterminat. Unde mures maiores
qui vulgariter Eati vocantur per imprecationem Sancti Yuori Episcopi
(cujus forte libros corroserant) prorsus expulsi, nee ibi postea nasci nee
vivere possunt inuecti."

472 O'h-Artghoile, now Hartley or Hartilly, without the prefix 0'. This
name is still extant in south Leinster, where the Irish-speaking people
pronounce it O'h-Airtialla.

473 O'Riaghain, now made Ryan, a name still extant in the county of
Carlow. It is to be distinguished from O'Mulryan, of the county of Tip-
perary, which is now usually shortened to Ryan, without the 0' or the
Mul.

474 Ui-Drona. — This tribe, descended from Drona, the fourth in descent
from Cathaoir Mor, monarch of Ireland in the second century, gave its
name to the barony of Idrone, in the county of Carlow. See Leabhar-na-
gCeart, p. 212, note k.

475 O'Nuallain, now anglicised Nolan, without the prefix 0'.

476 Fotharta, generally called Fotharta-Fea, now the barony of Forth, in
the county of Carlow. O'Flaherty states, in his Ogygia, part iii. c. 64,
that the posterity of Eochaidh Finn Fothart remained chiefs of this terri-
tory till the death of O'Nuallan, the last proprietor, who died a short time
before he was writing. See Ledbhar na gCeart, p. 211.

477 Magh-da-chon, plain of the two hounds. This name is now anglicised
Moyacomb, a parish in the barony of Rathvilly, in the county of Carlow,
and extending into the barony of Shillelagh, in the county of Wicklow.
It is sometimes called Farron O'Neale. O'Neill of this territory is now un-
known. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1088, p. 930, note '.

478 Siol-Elaigh, i.e., the race of Elach, now the barony of Shillelagh, in
the S.W. of the county of Wicklow. The Commissioners appointed for
forming the county of Wicklow, on the 10th of January, 1605, described
the territorial situation of this barony as follows : —

Iviii O'HUIDHRIN.

"And haveing viewed and surveyed the Irish territorie, called Shilellagh,
[they say and present] that it is hounded on the south side by the terri-
torie of Kilteile, alias MacMorishe's countrie in the co. Wexford, on the
west by the countrie of Farren O'Neale and the lordshipp of Tully [Offe-
limy] in the county Catherlagh, on the north and east by the lordshipp of
Clonemore, and the territorie of Cosha." See Erck's Repertory of the Chan-
cery Inrolments.

479 O'Gaoithin, now anglicised Geehan, Gihon, and Gahan, without the
prefix 0'. This name is still common in the barony of Shillelagh, and
throughout Leinster, but obscure and reduced, with very few exceptions.

480 (fDunlaing, now anglicised Dowling, without the prefix 0*. This
family would appear from our text to have been situated on the east side
of the Barrow; but the old map of Leax and Ophaly, already referred to,
places O'Dowling's countrie on the west side of the Barrow, and in the
present Queen's County.

481 Across theBearbha. — From this it is quite clear that the last-mentioned
territory, namely, the Lagan, O'Dunlaing's territory, was on the east side
of the Barrow, for the author next proceeds [westwards] across that river
into Ossory.

482 Mac Giollaphalraic, now anglicised Fitzpatrick. The ancient Ossory
comprised the barony of Upper Ossory, in the Queen's County, and nearly
the entire of the county of Kilkenny. It is stated by Keating and others
that Ossory originally extended from the Barrow westwards to the Suir;
but there is sufficient evidence to show that since the introduction of
Christianity, its limits never extended beyond those of the" present diocese
of Ossory. See Leabhar na gCeart, pp. 17, 18, note a.

483 Bladhma, now Slieve Bloom, on the frontiers of the King's and
Queen's Counties.

484 To the sea, i.e., to the estuary called the Meeting of the Three Waters,
near Waterford.

485 Liathdruim. — This is one of the ancient names of Tara, and is in-
correctly applied here. There are several places of the name in Ireland,
but none in Ossory,

486 To the plain of Munster, i.e., from the Barrow to the plain of Magh
Feimhin, in the county of Tipperary.

487 Coill Vachtorach, now the barony of Upperwoods, the present legal
name of a subdivision of the old barony of Upper Ossory, at the foot of
Slieve Bloom, in the Queen's County.

TRIBES OF LEINSTER. lix

488 C? Dubhshlaine, now anglicised Delany, without the prefix 0'. This
family is still very numerous in this territory.

489 Mountain of most beauteous rivers. — This is Slieve Bloom, in which
the three sister rivers, the Suir, Nore, and Barrow, have their sources.

490 O'Qearbhaill, now Carroll. He was a descendant of the celebrated
Cearbhall, chief lord of Ossory from 845 to 885. He is to be distinguished
from O'Carroll, of Ely O'Carroll, seated at the other side of Slieve Bloom,
who was of a different race.

491 O'Donnchadha, now anglicised throughout the diocese of Ossory
Dunphy. The chief of this family, Donogh O'Donoghue, was the
founder of the abbey of Jerpoint in 1180, in which he was interred in the
year 1185. See ArclidalTs Monasticon, county Kilkenny, Jerpoint.

492 Gabhran, now the barony of Gowran, in the county of Kilkenny.

493 Gill Chainnigh, i.e., the cell or church of St. Canice, now Kilkenny.
"Of the limestones" is peculiarly characteristic, and it were to be wished
that our author had given us more geological notices of this nature.

494 Sliabh gCaiihle. — This name is now forgotten, nor has any authority
been found to fix the limits of the territory of O'Carroll of Ossory. It
probably extended from the church of Kilkenny to the mountains of Fa-
saghdineen, comprising all the rich lands between the present town and
these mountains.

495 The sea is smooth, i.e., whenever he goes on the sea it becomes calm
and smooth, in consequence of his justice and righteousness.

496 Ui-Duach of Osraighe — For several centuries this territory is con-
sidered as coextensive with the barony of Fassadinin, in the county of
Kilkenny; but it was anciently more extensive, as appears from the words
of our author, who calls it "the extensive plain of the Feoir," i.e., of the
river Nore. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 850, note e, p. 484, and
p. 26, note g.

496 O'Braonain, now always anglicised Brennan, without the 0*. The
noted Dr. John Brennan', of Dublin, commonly called " The Wrestling
Doctor," was the last recognised chief of this sept. Families of the name
of Brennan are still exceedingly numerous in their original territory,
but their pedigrees are unknown.

498 MacBraoin, now Breen, without the prefix Mac. The situation of
this family is uncertain.

499 Q'Broithe. — This family is still so called by those who speak Irish,
and anglicised O'Broghie in the Patent Rolls of the first and fourth year of

Ix O'HUIDHRIN.

James I. ; but the name is now usually pronounced Brophy. Their terri-
tory comprised the level portion of the barony of Galmoy, in the county
of Kilkenny. This family is still numerous throughout the ancient Ossory,
and in the neighbouring districts of the county of Tipperary. They were
driven from the plain of Magh Sedna into Upper Ossory, after the English
Invasion, and their chief settled at Ballybrophy, near Borris-in- Ossory, in
the Queen's County. In 1603 Patrick O'Broghie was of Reo, in this
county. The name of Sedna, now anglice Shade, is still hereditary in this
family.

500 Magh Lacha, a plain in the barony of Kells, county of Kilkenny.

501 O'Faolain, now Phelan and Whelan, without the prefix 0'. This
family is very numerous throughout the ancient Ossory. The Phelans of
this race are to be distinguished from those of the Decies of Munster.

502 Magh-Airlh, a plain in the barony of Crannagh, in the county of Kil-
kenny.

503 O'Qaiblideanaiyh, now anglicised Keveny, and by some Gaffney; but
the name O'Gamhna is that usually anglicised throughout the ancient
Ossory.

504 Coill 0 gCathasaigh, i.e., wood of the Ui-Cathasaigh.

60s O'Gloiairn. This name was anglicised Glory, but it is now obsolete.
See the Annuary of the Kilkenny, &c., Archaeological Society, vol. i. part ii.
p. 101, note b.

506 The Cattann, now the King's River, on which the town of Callan
stands. It has its source in the hills near Tullaroan, and flowing through
Callan, and past Kells and Stony ford Joins the Suir at Annamult.

607 Ui-Berchon, anglice Ibercon, an ancient barony in the county of Kil-
kenny, forming the northern portion of the present barony of Ida, which
comprises three ancient baronies, namely, Ida, Igrine, and Ibercon.

508 O'Qaolluidhe, now always anglicised Kelly, which is incorrect. It
should be Cayley, or at least Keally, with the first syllable long.

509 Bright-flowing Bearbha. — Ros-Ua-Berchon, now Rosbercon, which
formed the eastern extremity of this territory, is on the west bank of the
river Barrow.

510 Ui-Eirc, now Iverk, a barony forming the southern portion of the
county of Kilkenny. It is watered by the Suir and the river of Graney,
which frequently flood some adjacent districts, and cover them with sand.

511 O'Bruadair, anglicised Broder and Broderic, a name now reduced
to obscurity in this territory.

TRIBES OF MUNSTER. Ixi

512 MaonmhagJi. — This was the name of a plain (Moinmoy), extending
round Loughrea, in the county of Galway. The territory of Iverk is,
however, at present, far richer, more beautiful, and better cultivated.

513 The Siuir, i.e., the sister, now the river Suir. It rises at the eastern
base of Sliabh Ailduin, now the Devil's Bit mountain, in the county of
Tipperary, and passes through the towns of Thurles, Cahir, Clonmel, and
Carrick, whence it forms the boundary between the counties of Kilkenny
and Waterford, till it joins the Barrow.

514 Magh Feimhin. — The ancient name of a plain comprising that portion
of the present county of Tipperary which belongs to the diocese of Lis-
more. It is described as extending from the river Suir northwards to
Corca-Eathrach, from which it is clear that it comprised the whole of the
barony of Iffa and Offa East. See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 201, and
Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, vol. i. p. 282.

515 Caisel of the kings, i.e., stone fort of the kings, now the town of
Cashel, in the county of Tipperary, the seat of the kings of Munster
from the beginning of the fifth century till the English Invasion. See
Ledbhar na gCeart, p. 28, note a.

516 QorCt — fie was king of Munster early in the fifth century, but the
authentic Irish annals contain no notice of his death. His grandson,
Aenghus MacNadfraich, who is said to have been the first Christian king
of Munster, was slain in the year 489. See Annals of Four Masters,
A.D. 489, and Leabhar na gCeart, p. 28, note c.

517 Corca-Athrach. — O'Flaherty describes this territory as extending in
length from Tiprait-farran, near the abbey of the Holy Cross, called
Huachtar-lamhann, to Dunandreas, and the northern part of Knockgraffan.
Ogygia, part iii. c. 81.

518 Plain of TdL — Tal was a cognomen of Cormac Cais, ancestor of Dal-
gCais.

519 Brian, i.e., Brian Borumha, ancestor of the O'Briens of Thomond, who
became monarch of Ireland in 1002, and was killed at Clontarf in the year
1014. He was called Borumha because he renewed the cow tribute of
Leinster, which had been remitted by Finachta, monarch of Ireland, in
the seventh century. Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 690, p. 299, note x.

520 Tailgtnn. — This was the name by which St. Patrick was called by the
Druids. It is explained circulo tonsvA in capite by Colgan, but Asciciput in
the Book of Armagh, fol. 2, p. b, col. 1 ; and artis caput, by Probus. See
Trias Thaum., p. 5, col. 2, p. 49, col. 1, and p. 123, col. 2.

Ixii

OHUIDHRIN.

521 Eoghan, son of Oilioll, i.e., Eoghan, eldest son of Oilioll Olum, king
of Monster in the third century.

822 MacCarthaigh, now anglicised Mac Carthy. This family was driven
from Cashel shortly after the English Invasion, and they settled in the now
counties of Kerry and Cork, where, in course of time, they became very
numerous.

523 Eoghanacht of Caisel. — This was the original tribe name of the
O'Donoghues, who were anciently seated in Magh-Feimhin, now the
barony of Iffa and Oflfa East, in the S.E. of the county of Tipperary.
They were driven from this territory shortly after the English Invasion,
when they settled in the present barony of Magunihy, in the county of
Kerry, to which they gave the name of Eoghanacht Ui Donnchadha, angli-
cised Onaght-O'Donoghue.

24 Sliabh Ardachaidh, now the barony of Slievardagh, in the county of
Tipperary.

525 O* Deaghaidh, now anglicised Day, without the prefix 0'. This family
is to be distinguished from the O'Deaghaidhs, or O'Deas, of Cinel-Fear-
maic, in Thomond, who are of the Dalcassian race.

526 0' h-Oilella. — This name is now obsolete, as is every derivative in
Ireland formed from Oilioll, whether belonging to man or place, except
Tir-Oilella, in the county of Sligo, which has been corrupted to Tirerrill.
According to this analogy, 0' h-Oilella might be anglicised O'Herrill, or
Herrill ; but there is no such surname now in Ireland.

527 O'Brachain, now Brahan.

528 Deisi. — This tribe descended from Fiacha Suighdhe, the elder bro-
ther of the monarch Conn of the Hundred Battles, and were originally
seated in Deisi Teamhrach, the present barony of Deece, to the south of
Tara, in Meath ; but they were expelled from thence in the third century
by their relative, king Cormac, grandson of Conn, and after having
attempted to obtain a footing in various parts of the south of Ireland, they
ultimately settled in Munster, and subdued that part of the country
extending from the river Suir to the sea, and from Lismore to Credan
Head, the eastern extremity of the present county of Waterford. In the
fifth century, Aenghus Mac Nadfraeich, king of Munster, granted them the
plain of Magh Feimhin, in the present county of Tipperary; but they were
driven from thence by the Eoghanachts. See Keating's History of
Ireland; and Ogygia, Part iii., c. 69.

529 (jBric^ now Brick, without the prefix 0'. This family originally

TRIBES OF MUNSTER. Ixiii

possessed the southern Desies, comprised in the present county of Water-
ford, but they had sunk under the OTaelains or O'Phelans, who were ori-
ginally seated in the northern Desies, in the present county of Tipperary,
some time before the English Invasion.

530 CfFaelain, now made Phelan, in the anglicised form of the name,
without the prefix 0' ; and by some, Whelan.

531 0 } Mearadhaigh, now O'Meara, or O'Mara, a name still numerous in
the county of Tipperary. By many the prefix is rejected.

632 Ui-Fathaidh, now the barony of Iffa and Ofla West, in the county
of Tipperary.

533 Ui-Eoghain Finn. — The territory of this tribe was in northern Deisi,
in the present county of Tipperary, and adjoining Iverk on the west side.
See the Miscellany of the Archaeological Society, vol. i., p. 205. The
O'Neills of this race, the head of whom was an esquire in 1753, were after-
wards seated at Mount Neill, in the barony of Iverk, county Kilkenny.

534 Uachtar-tire, now the barony of Upperthird, in the north-west of
the county of Waterford. The O'Managans of this race were dispossessed
shortly after the English Invasion by the Anglo-Norman family of Poer,
now Power, who stil) possess a large portion of this territory.

636 Ui-Aithele. — The name of this tribe and territory, evidently situated
between the barony of Upperthird and the sea, is now obsolete. The
O'Breslens of this race are also unknown.

536 O1 Fodhladha, now Foley, without the prefix 0'. This family is very
numerous in the county of Waterford.

537 O'Cein, now Kean, a name still extant in the county of Waterford,
and to be distinguished from the family of O'Cathain, now anglicised Kane,
without the prefix 0'. The two great tragedians of world- wide fame are
of this race.

538 Machuin, now the river Mahon, which rises near Kilmacthomas, and
falls into the sea at the village of Bun Machuine (Bunmahon).

539 Ui Eachacli. — This was the tribe name of the O'Bricks.

540 Inis-Fail, one of the ancient names of Ireland.
641 O'Bric, now Brick, without the prefix 0'.

542 Lee Logha. — This was probably the ancient name of the remarkable
rock now called ClocJilobhrais, situated about midway between Kilmac-
thomas and Dungarvan, in the county of Waterford.

543 Liathdruim, i.e., gray ridge, now Leitrim, on the confines of the
counties of Waterford and Cork.

544 Feara Muighe. — This name is now preserved in Fermoy, a beautiful

Ixiv O'HUIDHRIN.

and fertile barony in the north of the county of Cork ; but the ancient
Feara Maighe comprised the modern baronies of Fermoy, and Condons
and Clangibbon. See Ledbhar na gCeart, pp. 78, 82, 261.

645 0 * Dubliagain, now O'Dugan, and more usually Duggan. This family
descends from the Druid Mogh Ruith, Magus Rotce, who was of the race
of Rudhraighe, king of Ulster. See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 82.

546 Dun Manann. — This name is now obsolete ; it was evidently that of
the chief residence of O'Dubhagain, who possessed about the northern half
of the territory of Feara Maighe Feine, being seated between O'Keeffe and
the Ui-Fidhgeinte.

547 O'Caoimh, now anglicised O'Keeffe, and by many Keeffe, without the
prefix 0'. O'Keeffe originally possessed the district now called Roche's
Country, which formed the southern half of the ancient Feara Maighe.
The family is of the race of Oilioll Olum, and had a king of Munster,
namely Fionguine, son of Gorman, who died in the year 902 ; since which
period the line of MacCarthy has been far more powerful. The O'Keeffes
were driven from Fermoy shortly after the English Invasion, when they
settled in the present barony of Duhallow.

548 Gleannomhain, or Gleann Amhnach, now Glanworth, in Roche's
Country, in the north of the county of Cork. This was the original seat
of O'Keeffe. See Smith, Natural and Civil History of Cork, book ii.,
chap. 7, and Leabhar na gCeart, p. 90, note B.

549 Ui Liathain. — This tribe derived their name and origin from Eoch-
aidh Liathanach, son of Daire Cearba, ancestor of the Ui-Fidhgeinte.
Their territory was nearly coextensive with the present barony of Barry-
more, in the county of Cork. See Hibernia Expugnata, lib. ii., c. 18, 19,
and Ledbhar na gCeart, pp. 73, 74.

650 OAnamchadhas. — This name is obsolete, or changed into some
anglicised form not now recognisable.

651 Ui-Mac Caille, now the barony of Imokilly, in the county of Cork.

652 0 'Breaghdha. — This name is now unknown. It might be anglicised
Bray.

553 O'Glaisin, now unknown. It is not the name anglicised Gleason or
Gleeson.

654 Ciarraighe Chuircke, now Kerrycurrihy, a barony in county of Cork.

555 Race of Torna, i.e., the sept of Ui Torna. The hereditary family
name was O'Cuirre, which is now little known.

556 Cinel-Aedha, i.e., race of Aedh (father of Failbhe Flann, king of
Munster, A.D. 636), now the barony of Kinelea, in the county of Cork.

TRIBES OF MUNSTER.

557 O'Ceallachain, now O'Callaghan. This family, which is of the same
race as the MacCarthys, was removed from the barony of Kinelea shortly
after the English Invasion, when they settled in the barony of Duballow,
where they possessed the parishes of Kilshannick and Clonmeen. See
Harris's edition of Ware's Works, vol. ii., p. 72, and Smith's History of
Cork, book ii., chap. 6. The senior branch of this family was transplanted
to the county of Clare by Cromwell, where it became extinct in the male
line early in the nineteenth century. Lord Lismore is the present head of
this family in Ireland. See Circuit of Murchertach MacNeill, p. 64, for
the descent of O'Callaghan and Mac Carthy.

558 Plain of Bearra. — This seems a mistake, as O'Callaghan never had
any connexion with the territory of Bearra.

559 Cinel m-Becej i.e., race of Bece, from Bece, son of Fergus, who was
the son of Felimy, king of Desmond, A.T). 584, and ancestor of O'Mahony.
See Battle of Magh-Rath, Geneal. Tab. p. 340, and Payne's Description of
Ireland, edited by Dr. Aquilla Smith, p. 23.

560 Bandain, now the river Bandon in the county of Cork.

561 Rapid Muaidh seems to be the name of a river, but the name is now
unknown in the county of Cork.

562 O'Mathghamhna, now anglicised O'Mahony, and sometimes Mahony,
without the prefix 0'. The senior of this family is probably in France.
O'Mahony of Dunloe, in Kerry, is believed to be the present head of the
family in Ireland.

563 Race of Lughaidh. — These were the O'Driscolls who, according to the
Irish genealogists, descend from Lughaidh Mac Ithu, the uncle of Milesius
of Spain. See the Miscellany of the Celtic Society, 1849, pp. 56, 57.

564 (yh-Eidirsceoil, now O'Driscoll, and sometimes Driscoll, without the
prefix 0.' Ibid, p. 56, and 384-400.

565 (Jorca LaigJidhe. — This, which was the tribe name of the O'Driscolls,
was also applied to their territory, which originally comprised all the
south-west part of the present county of Cork, namely, the baronies of
Carbery, Beare, and Bantry ; but shortly after the English Invasion
they were encroached upon by the O'Donovans, O'Mahonys, and O'Sul-
livans, and more recently by the MacCarthy Reaghs, who reduced their
principality, comprising the parishes of Myross, Glanbarahane [Castle-
haven], Tullagh, Creagh, Kilcoe, Aghadowu, and Clear, to much narrower
limits. See Miscellany of the Celtic Society, p. 48-57, and p. 148.

566 Harbour of Clear, i.e., the bay between Cape Clear and Mizen Head,
in the south of the county of Cork.

Ixvi O'HUIDHRIN.

567 O'Floinns ofArda, i.e., O'Flynn of Ardagb. The chief of this family
resided at Ardagh Castle, situate nearly midway between Skibbereen and
Baltimore, in the barony of West Carbery, and county of Cork. See
O'Brien's Irish Dictionary, under Flann and Cobhthach, and the Miscel-
lany for the Celtic Society, pp. 9, 10, 36.

668 Ui-Baghamhna, now the barony of Ibawn, in the south of the
county of Cork, ibid., p. 36.

569 Trioha died medhonach, i.e., the central cantred. This was the old
name of the present barony of Barryroe, in the county of Cork. See
O'Brien's Irish Dictionary, in voce COBHTHACH. Dr. O'Brien, who knew
this part of Ireland well, speaking of the families of O'Cowhig and
O'Floinn Arda, about the middle of the last century, has the following
.observation which nearly holds good at the present day : " But the melan-
choly remark which remains to be made is, that, of the two families first
mentioned, there is not, to my knowledge, one individual now existing
that may be held in the light of a gentleman, having been all dispossessed
long since of their very ancient and large properties ; which, indeed, is
the case with many other Irish families, not less illustrious in former
times, who are now quite extinct, or reduced to a state of perfect obscu-
rity, for the reason now mentioned."

570 (yGobhthaigh. — Dr. O'Brien anglicises this name O'Cowhig, which
seems to have been the form of the name in use, in his time, among
this sept in the county of Cork; but in other more northern parts
of Ireland, it is anglicised Coffey, without the prefix 0'. Dr. Smith,
in his " Natural and Civil History of Cork," book ii. c. 3, writes of this
family : " Almost on every headland of this barony were castles erected by
the Irish, seven of which belonged to the sept of O'Cowhig, as Dundeedy,
Dunowen, Dunore, Duneen, Dunocowhig, Dunworley, and Dungorley."

571 Land of Cliodhna,\. e., bordering on Tonn Cliodhna, a loud surge in
the bay of Glandore, much celebrated by Irish poets.

672 Muintir-Bhaire, now Muntervary, a peninsula in the barony of West
Carbery in the south-west of the county of Cork, extending from Bantry
to Sheepshead, and containing the parish of Kilcrohane. See Corca-
Laidhe, in the Miscellany of the Celtic Society, p. 5, and Tribes of Ire-
land, pp. 11 to 15.

573 Warlike Fothadh. — He was the third son of Lughaidh Maccon, king
of Ireland, in the second century. See Corca Laidhe, p. 5, note n.

674 O'Baire. — This name is now obsolete, unless it has been assimilated
to the Anglo-Norman name of Barry. This territory belonged to the

TRIBES OF MUNSTER. Ixvii

bardic family of O'Daly for several centuries. See Tribes of Ireland,
p. 14; and Pacata Hibernia, book iii.

575 Plain of Manainn. — This seems to refer to the plain lying round
the fort of Dun-Manann, which, however, was the seat of O'Dubhagain in
Fear-Maighe or Fermoy, with which, it must be confessed, Muinter
Bhaire can bear no comparison in point of fertility, though it may vie with
it in picturesque beauty.

576 O'h-Eidersceoil of Bearra, i.e., O'Driscoll of Beare, a barony in the
south-west of the county of Cork, which was possessed by the Driscolls
till dispossessed by a branch of the O'Sullivans, some time after the
English invasion.

577 The harbour of Baoi, now Ban try Bay. The island of Baoi Bheirre,
in this bay, is now called Beare Island.

578 The race qfLughaidh, i.e., the O'Driscolls and their correlatives.

579 The land of Ith, a bardic appellative for the O'Driscoll territory.

580 Clann t-Sealbhaigh, i.e., the race of Sealbhach. This was the tribe
name of the O'Donoghues of the county of Kerry. O'Dornhnaill (O'Dormell)
was one of the ancient chiefs of this race, but the name has been long
obsolete.

581 O1 Donnchadha of Loch Lein> i.e., O'Donoghue of Ross, at Lough
Leane or Killarney, county of Kerry.

582 (y Donnchadlia of the JFlesc, i.e., O'Donoghue of Glenflesk, i.e., the
vale of the river Flesk, in Kerry. The present O'Donoghue is the head
of this family. See Tribes of Ireland, p. 71.

583 On Munster. — Dubhdabhoirenn, ancestor of O'Donoghue, was king
of Munster in 957, and his son Domhnall, who was slain at the battle of
Clontarf, AD. 1014, was king of Desmond.

584 Ui-Floinn of Lua, i.e., the territory of Muscraighe Ui-Fhloinn, or
Muskerrylin, which contains fifteen parishes, and is correctly described as
around the far extending Lee and Lua, now Lough Lua, in the barony of
Muskerry, through which the river Lee flows. See Leabhar na g-Ceart,
p. 44.

585 Q'Bece. — This name, which would be anglicised Beck, has long since
sunk into oblivion.

586 Beanntraiahcj now the barony of Bantry, in the county of Cork.

58? Fergus of Uladh, i.e., Fergus Mac Roigh, exiled king of Ulster, in
the first century, from whom O'Conor Kerry, O'Conor of Corcumroe,
O'Loughlin, and many other families in Munster are descended.

F 2

IxVlii C/HUIDHRIN.

588 Ui-Eachach, i.e., the descendants of Eochaidh, son of Cas, son of
Core, king of Munster. The Tli-Mathgharnhna, or O'Mahonys, were the
chief family of this race. They were first seated in the barony of Kinel-
meaky, in the county of Cork, but they afterwards encroached on the
Corca-Laighe, and became masters of the district called Fonn-Iartharach,
i.e., western land. The name Ui-Eathach is usually anglicised Ivahagh,
and is shown on several maps of Munster, made in the reigns of Elizabeth
and James I. It comprised, according to the Liber Regalis Visitationis
of 1615, the parishes of Kilmoe, Scool, Kilcrohane, Durris, Kilmocoimoge,
and Caheragh, in the south-west of the county of Cork.

589 CfMathghamhna, now O'Mahony. See note on Cinel m-Bece, supra.

590 Aos Aisde. — This name is now forgotten; but as it was the tribe-
name of the family of O'Muircheartaigh, now O'Moriarty, or more usually
Moriarty, without the prefix 0', we must conclude that it was the name
of a territory along the river Mang in Kerry.

691 O'h-Imhasbhain. This name is now unknown in Munster.

592 Race of Conaire, i.e., of Conaire II., of the Deagads of Munster,
monarch of Ireland in the year 212. See O'Flaherty's 'Ogygia, part iii. c. 63.

593 Tulach-an-trir, i.e., hill of the three persons. This was one of the
most ancient names of Tara. See Ogygia, part iii., c. 17.

594 Corca Duibhne. — These were of the race of Conaire I., monarch of
Ireland, at the beginning of the first century (Ogygia, part iii., c. 45), and
after the establishment of surnames, they branched into the families of
O'Falvey, O'Shea, and O'Conghaile (O'Connell). Shortly anterior to the
English Invasion O'Falvy possessed the barony of Corcaguiny, O'Shea
that of Iveragh, and O'Conghaile (O'Connell), that of Magunihy ; but about
the middle of the eleventh century, the ODonoghues settled in Magunihy,
and drove the O'Conghailes westwards into Iveragh, where they were
seated at Bally carbery as castellans to Mac Carthy More. The territories
of this race of Conaire extended to the Suir, in the county of Tipperary.

595 O'Seagha, now anglicised O'Shea. A branch of this family re-
moved to the city of Kilkenny, about the end of the fourteenth century,
where they became wealthy and highly respectable.

596 O'Conghaile, now corrupted to O'Conaill, anglicised O'Connell. The
head of this family was transplanted by Cromwell to Brenter, near Callan
hill in the county of Clare.

697 Magh O'gCoinchinn, now Mugunihy, forming the eastern portion of
the county of Kerry. The O'Conghailes were driven from this territory

TRIBES OF MUNSTER. Ixix

in the eleventh century by the O'Donoghues, who gave it their tribe name
of Eoghanacht O'Donoghue.

598 O'Failbhe, anglice O'Falvy and Falvy, without the prefix 0'. Their
territory originally extended from the river Maing to Finntraigh, now
Ventry, in the west of the county of Kerry.

599 Ui-Eathach. This was the tribe name of the O'Sheas. It is now
anglicised Iveragh, which is a well-known barony in the west of the
county of Kerry.

600 Muscraighe. — According to all our genealogical Irish MSS. the Mus-
craighe were the descendants of Cairbre Muse, son of Conaire Mor, monarch
of Ireland, in the beginning of the third century. Ogygia, part iii. c. 63.

601 Hair tine of Munster, an ancient tribe of the Firbolgs of whose terri-
tory Emly, in the county of Tipperary, was the centre and capital.

602 Muscraighe-Mitine, otherwise called Muscraighe Ui-Fhloinn. This
was the ancient name of the barony of West Muskerry, in the county of
Cork. The family of O'Maoilfabhaill of this race is now unknown. It is
quite clear that our author is here compiling his enumeration of chiefs and
territories from written authorities, and not from the families existing in
his time. See note 583, supra, on the territory of O'Floinn of Lua, which
is evidently the one here referred to, but belonging to a different epoch.
Neither of these families was dominant here in our author's time.

603 O'h-Aodha, now anglicised O'Hea and Hayes, but the O'h-Aodhas of
this race are quite obscure.

604 Muscraighe Luachra, about theAbhainn mhor, a territory extending
on both sides of the Blackwater, near its source, in the north-west of the
county of Cork. — See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 44.

605 Muscraighe of the Three Plains. — This territory was granted by king
John to William de Barry, under the name of Muskerry Donegan. The
family of O'Donegan is still extant in this territory, but reduced to poverty
and obscurity. Dr. James Donegan, the author of the Greek-English
Dictionary, who was a native of Charleville, was of them. " The church
of Fiort Sceitlie, which is placed by the Calendars of Marianus, and the
Four Masters (Sept. 6), in Muscraighe-tri-maighe, is now known by the
name of Ardskeagh, which is a small parish in that part of the barony of
Fermoy bordering on the barony of Orrery and Kilmore. In the ancient
taxations of the diocese of Cloyne we find a rural deanery, called Muscry-
donnegan, containing the parishes now comprehended in the barony of
Orrery and Kilmore, with small adjacent portions of Duhallow and Fermoy.
Among the churches in this deanery, Orwery [i.e., Orbraidhe, or Orrery]

Ixx O'HUIDHRIN.

and Fersketh [i.e., Feart Skeithe, called Ardskagh, in 1615, now Ard-
skeagh] are two. Thus the identity of Muscraighe-tri-maighe and the
barony of Orrery is proved to a demonstration, and O'Brien's statement
on the subject (Irish Diet., voc. Muscraighe) fully established." — Note
communicated by Dr. Reeves.

eoe Jarann. — This was evidently the name of a river, but it is now
obsolete.

607 Tuath-Saxon, i.e., the cantred of the Saxons. This is the ancient
name of the district containing the parish of Tullylease in the north-west
of the county of Cork, of which St. Berichert, a Saxon, is the patron. It
is probable that this saint established a Saxon colony here in the eighth
century, in the same way as St. Cairnech had established a colony of
Britons at Tuilen, near Kells, in Meath. The family of O'h-Ionmhainen,
now anglicised Noonan, were the herenachs of the church of Tullylease.
See Dr. Reeves's Paper on St. Beretchert, in the Ulster Journal of Archae-
ology, vol. vi., p. 267.

608 Race of Conaire, i.e., of Conaire II. See note 591, supra.

609 Muscraighe Treithirne, also called Muscraighe Breogain and Mus-
craighe Chuirc. This territory is now comprised in the barony of Clan-
william, in the south-west of the county of Tipperary. The family name,
O'Cuirc, is now anglicised Quirk, without the prefix 0'.

610 O Maoilbhloghain. — This name is still extant, and anglicised Malone
or Mullowne ; but this family is to be distinguished from that of O'Maoil-
eoin, which is similarly anglicised.

611 O'Carthaigh. — This name, which is to be distinguished from that of
MacCarthaigh, is still extant, and anglicised Carty, without the prefix 0'.

612 Muscraighe of the west of Feimhen, so-called from its lying to the
west of Magh Feimhen, in the county of Tipperary.

613 Muscraighe-tire. — This territory comprises the present barony of
Lower Orinond, and a part of that of Upper Ormond, in the county of
Tipperary. Its extent is defined by Sir Charles O'Carroll in a letter to
the Lord Deputy, in 1585, in which he calls it Muschryhyry, and states
that the Earl of Ormonde lately called it by the false name of Lower
Ormonde, a designation which it had never borne before, inasmuch as it
was always considered a part of Thomond.

614 0 ' Donghalaigh, now anglicised Donnelly, without the prefix 0'. This
family is to be distinguished from the O'Donnellys of Tyrone, who are of
a totally different race.

615 CfFuirg, now obsolete.

TRIBES OF MTJNSTER.

16 Corca-Baiscinm — Our author here follows the race, and proceeds from
the east side of the Shannon to the west of Thomond. These were the
descendants of Cairbre Baschaoin, the brother of Cairbre Muse, already
mentioned. The two Corca-Baiscinns originally comprised the baronies
of Clonderalaw, Moyarta, and Ibrickan, in the west of the county of
Clare.

617 Muintir Domhnaill; i.e., the family of O'Domhnaill, now anglice
O'Donnell.

618 0' 'Baiscinn, now anglicised Baskin, without the prefix 0'. These
two families of the race of Cairbre Baschaoin were dispossessed by the
Mac Mahons, a branch of the O'Briens, early in the fourteenth century.

19 Tree over the Boinn, so called because his ancestor was king of Tara,
and Meath, through which the River Boyne flows.

620 Ui-Bracain, now the barony of Ibrickan, in the west of the county
of Clare. After the expulsion of the Mac Germans from Leinster (see note
on Ui-Bairrche, supra), shortly after the English Invasion, they were set-
tled in this territory by O'Brien.

621 (J Maolcorcra. — This name is now unknown in the barony of
Ibrickan. This family would appear to have sunk into insignificance
when the Mac Gormans were planted in their territory by O'Brien.

622 The two Invers, i.e., Liscanor Bay and Dunbeg Bay, at the extremities
of the territory of Ibrickan.

623 Pochi^ j>e.^ the north, alluding to Ibrickan being the most northern
portion of the country of the Corca-Baiscinn, of the race of Conaire II., in
North Munster.

624 O'Ceallaigh. — The king of Cashel was bound to defend O'Ceallaigh.
Was O'Ceallaigh of Hy-Many bound to protect the race of Cairbre Bas-
chaoin, son of Conaire II. 1 This is obscure.

625 Conaire of Cliach, alluding to the battle of Cliach, where Conaire I.
defeated Nuada Finn, king of Leinster.

626 Ernai, i.e., the Ernaans of Munster, who descended from Ederscel,
the father of Conaire I., monarch of Ireland, A.M. 3944. See Ogygia,
part in., c. 44.

627 Race of Fergus, ex-king of Ulster, in the first century. This Fergus,
surnamed Mac Roigh, had three sons by Meadhbh, queen of Connaught,
namely, Ciar, ancestor of all the Ciarraighe ; Core, ancestor of the Cor-
comroe, of Thomond ; and Conmac, ancestor of all the Conmaicni of Con-
naught and Moy-Rein. See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, partiii., c. 42 and 46.

Ixxii O'HUIDHRIN.

628 Ciarraighe, now anglice Kerry.

629 O'Conchobhair, now O'Conor, or O'Connor Kerry.

630 From the Strand, i.e., the country of the Ciarraighe which extended
from the strand of the harbour of Tralee to the River Sinainu, now Shannon,
and comprised about the northern third part of the present county of Kerry.

631 O'Laoghain, now anglicised Lane, without the prefix 0*

632 Ui-Fearba. — Situation not proved.

633 O'Caithneannaigh. — This name is now unknown in Kerry.

634 Battle-peaks of Cualann. — Cualaun is a mountainous territory in
Leinster ; but it is probable that the name is here intended for the moun-
tains of Sliabh Mis, Cathair Conroi, &c., in the barony of Trughanackmy,
and county of Kerry.

635 O'Duibhduin. — This family is now unknown in Kerry, as well as
the name and situation of their territory of Ui-Flannain.

636 Alltraighe. — This sept were seated around the river of Tralee, as we
learn from the Latin Lives of St. Brendan, in which it is stated that that
saint, who was of the Alltraighe, was born at Littus Ly (Lighe}, now Tralee.

637 O'Neidhe. — This name is still extant in Kerry, but by a whim of
custom anglicised to Neville ! A branch of this family was seated at
Knockpatrick, in the county of Limerick, where they were hereditary
keepers of Saint Patrick's Bell. John Neville, esq., M.R.I.A., engineer for
the county of Louth, is of this family.

638 Clann Conaire, i.e., the family of O'Conaire, now anglicised Con-
nery, without the prefix 0'.

639 Corcumruadh, otherwise called Core Modhruadh, i.e., the descend-
ants of Core Modhruadh, third son of Fergus, dethroned king of Ulster, in
the first century. The country of the Corcumruadh was originally coex-
tensive with the diocese of Kilfenora, and comprised the present baronies
of Corcomroe and Burrin, in the north-west of the county of Clare. The
bard here, following the tribes genealogically, jumps from Kerry to Clare
to describe the territories of the race of Fergus of Ulster. The families of
O'Dicholla, O'Maoileitigh, and O'Draighnen, of Sliabh-Eise, are now un-
known in this territory. The name O'Draighnen is extant in other parts
of Ireland, and anglicised Drinan. Sliabh-Eise may be the present Sliabh
Eilbhe, on the confines of Burrin and Corcomroe baronies.

640 Feara-Arda, i.e., men of the point. This was another name for the
Corcumruadh. The island of Inis-caerach, now Mutton Island, near
Kilmurry Ibrickan, was in the territory of Feara-Arda.

TRIBES OF MUNSTEB. Ixxiii

641 O'Conchobhair, now O'Conor. This family had considerable posses-
sions in the barony of Corcomroe, in the year 1584, and for some time
after; but at the present day, there is not a man of the race above the rank
of cottier or small farmer.

642 Conach. — This was probably the old name of the river Farsett,
which rises inBinn Formaoile,and falls into LisconorBay,nearDuagh Castle.

643 O'Lochlainn, now O'Loughlin. — This family has been somewhat more
fortunate than their relations the O'Conors, for there are some respectable
gentlemen of the name, as O'Loughlin, of Newtown, and Sir Colman
O'Loghlen, but their pedigrees have not been made out with anything
like certainty.

644 £oirinn, i.e., rocky district, now the barony of Burren, in the north of
the county of Clare. It was originally considered a part of Corcomroe, and
called East Corcomroe ; and it is curious to observe that the abbey of
Corcomroe is situated in Burren.

645 Tealach-Chuirc. — This was the tribe-name of the O'Loughlins.

646 Dal Meadhruaidh. — This was another name of the Corca Modhruadh.
They are called the Host of Macha, because they came from Ulster, where
Eamhain Macha was the name of their original palace.

647 Race of musical Ciar, i.e., the Ciarraighe.

648 The Race of Tdl, i.e., the people of Corcumruadh, so called from
their ancestor Tdl, son of Broc, who was the eleventh in descent from
Modhruadh. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1573, p. 1669, note u.

649 Turn, we westwards. — This is a mistake, because the province of the
race of Maicniadh, by which Desmond is here meant, is nearly due south
of the race of Tdl, or the people of Corcomroe.

650 Prevailed over Gruactian, i.e., whose ancestor Fergus had possession
of Cruachan, when he seduced Meadhbh, queen of Connacht.

651 Old Luachair. — This was the name of a territory of great extent
situate to the south of the country of the Ciarraighe, and extending into
the present counties of Cork and Limerick.

652 Plain of Luackair. — This was the name of the level portion of the
present barony of Magunihy, in the S.E, of the present county of Kerry;
but it formed no part of the country of the ancient Ciarraighe. It com-
prised the territories of O'Keeffe, O'Callaghan, O'Donoghue and MacAuliffe.

653 0" Dunadhaigh, now anglicised Doney and Denny, without the pre-
fix 0'.

654 0' Donnchadha, now anglicised O'Donoghue. O'Donoghue of Loch

Ixxiv O'HUIDHRIN.

Lein, or the Lakes of Killarney, is now unknown. He had his residence
at Ross Castle, near Killarney, and was head chieftain over the whole terri-
tory of Eoghanacht Ui Donnchadha (anglicised Onaght-Idonoghue), which,
in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, was considered as coextensive with the
present barony of Magunihy. O'Donoghue of Glenflesk is the only known
representative of this family.

655 O'Cearbhaill, anglice O'Carroll. There was a family of this name
in Magunihy preceding the O'Donoghues; but they sunk into poverty and
obscurity many centuries since, and are now unknown.

656 O'Caoimh, now O'Keeffe. The position of Urluachair is marked
by the Crown lands of Pobble O'Keeffe, situate in the barony of Du-
hallow, on the confines of the counties of Cork, Limerick, and Kerry,
and containing about 9,000 statute acres ; but this territory was origi-
nally much more extensive, for we learn from ancient authorities that
the two Paps of Danann, now the Pap Mountains, were in it. See Cor-
mac's Glossary in voce Anann ; and Keating's History of Ireland, Haliday's
edition, p. 104; also Leabhar na gCeart, p. 75.

657 O'Ceallachain. — The O'Ceallachains, now O'Callaghans, are descended
from Ceallachan, son of Domhnall, son of Murchadh, son of Donnchadh, son
of Ceallachan, king of Cashel, or Munster, who died in the year 954. See
Circuit of Muircheartach Mac Neill, p. 64. Before the English Invasion the
O'Callaghans were seated in the barony of Cinel-Aedha, now^Kinelea, in the
south of the county of Cork ; but being driven from thence by Robert Fitz-
stephen and Milo de Cogan, they settled in the barony of Duhallow, in the
north of the same county, where the chief of the family, Conor O'Callaghan,
resided at the Castle of Drumaneen, on the Blackwater, in 1594, and then
enjoyed extensive territorial possessions, comprising the parishes of Kil-
shannig and Clonmeen,as appears from an inquisition taken at Mallow before
Sir Thomas Norris, Vice-President of Munster, on the 25th of October,
1594. The head of this family was transplanted by Cromwell to the
county of Clare. Lord Lismore is the present chief of the name in Ireland.

668 The river Ella, now the Allo or Allow, which springs from the accli-
vities of the Use mountains, in the N.W. of the county of Cork, and pays
its tribute to the Blackwater ten miles below Kanturk.

659 Gleann Salchain, a valley extending N.W. of Newmarket, in the
barony of Duhallow, and county Cork.

660 Mac Amhlaoibh, now Mac Auliffe. The chief residence of Mac
Auliffe was Castle Mac Auliffe, near Newmarket ; and his territory,

TRIBES OF MUNSTER. 1XXV

witli that of Aes-Ella, or people of the river Allo, comprised all that
wild, mountainous, and heathy district lying between Newmarket and
the boundaries of the counties of Limerick and Kerry, where the rivers
Feale, Allo, and Blackwater have their sources. The head of this
family, who had been born to a handsome estate, was weighmaster in the
market-house at Kenmare, in 1840, when the editor had a long conversa-
tion with him on the traditions of this wild district of Aes-Ealla.

661 O'Tedgamhna. — This name is now obsolete, and the family seems to
have sunk under the Mac Auliffes and O'KeefFes at an early period.

662 Dun Durlais. — If this was a proper name it is now obsolete. It
might mean simply, of the strong fort. Durlis and Derlish, as well as
Thurles, occur commonly as names of townlands and earthen forts.

663 Across Luachair. — This shows that Luachair was conterminous with
the territory of Claonghlais, now Clonlish, a wild district in the barony
of Upper Connelloe, in the county of Limerick, and on the confines of the
counties of Cork and Kerry. Luachair evidently comprised the countries
of O'Donoghue, O'Keeffe, O'Callaghan, and Mac Auliffe, or the barony of
Magunihy, in the county of Kerry, and that of Duhallow, in the county
of Cork.

664 Ui-Conaill, now the baronies of Upper and Lower Connello, in the
county of Limerick.

665 O'Coilens, now Collins, without the prefix 0'. The head of this
family was afterwards driven from this territory, and settled in the
barony of Carbery, county Cork. The family is still numerous in the
original territory.

666 O'fiillraidhe. — This name is now obsolete. This family, after being
expelled from Ui-Conaill Gabhra, settled at Cnocan Ui-Bhillraidhe, now
Watergrass Hill, in the county of Cork.

667 Mac Innerigh, now Mac Eniry.

ees (Jorca-Muicheat. — This name is still preserved, and is an alias name
for Castletown Mac Eniry, in the barony of Upper Connello, in the county
of Limerick. Mac Eniry descends from Sedna, the fourth son of Cairbre
Aebhdha, ancestor of the Ui Cairbre ; and though his territory is now a
part of the barony of Upper Connello, it was originally a portion of the
territory of the Ui-Cairbre Aebhdha. The Mac Enirys were never driven
from this territory, and had considerable estates here up to the period of the
Revolution • but they are all at present reduced to poverty and obscurity.

669 (Jorca-Oiche. — The exact situation of this territory is unknown. The

Ixxvi O'HUIDHRIN.

family of O'Macasa is still extant, and anglicised Macassey and Maxey,
without the prefix 0'. The name is more numerous in the county Tippe-
rary than in that of Limerick at the present day.

670 Ui-Rossa, now Iveross, or Iveruss, a parish on the Shannon, in the
barony of Kenry, and county Limerick. The name O'Bearga, which
might be anglicised O'Bargie, or Bargie, is now obsolete.

671 Caonraigltej now the barony of Kenry, in the north of the county of
Limerick.

672 O'Maolcallann. — This name is now obsolete in this part of Ireland.
In other places it is anglicised Mulholland or Mulhollan, without the
prefix 0'.

673 Dal-Cairbre-JEbha, otherwise Ui Cairbre Aebhdha. The territory
of this tribe comprised the present barony of Coshma, in the county of
Limerick, and the plains extending thence down to the Shannon.

674 O'Cleirchin, now O'Olerchain, and anglicised Clerkan and Cleary.
The name is still extant in this territory, but the family is reduced to
poverty and obscurity.

675 0 'Donnabhain, now anglicised O'Donovan, and more frequently Dono-
van, without the prefix 0'. This family, of the senior line of Oilioll Olum,
was expelled from this territory shortly after the English Invasion by the
O'Briens and Fitzgeralds, and they settled in O'Driscoll's country in the
county of Cork. Their principal seats had been at Bruree and Croom in
the present county of Limerick.

676 Dun Cuirc. i.e., the fort of Core. This is a bardic name for Bruree,
the seat of O'Donovan.

677 The Maigh, i.e., the river of the plain, now the Maigue, which rises
near Charleville, and passing through Croom and Adare, falls into the
Shannon nine miles below Limerick.

678 Down to the Sionainn, i.e., down or northwards to the Shannon.

679 Eoghanacht-Aine, the name of a tribe and territory lying round
Knockany, in the barony of Small County, and county of Limerick.

680 (yCiarmhaic, now anglicised Kerwick, but more generally changed '
to Kirby.

681 Ui-Enda, now Heney, without the 0', See Annals of Four Masters,
A.D. 1205, 1215.

682 Aine-Aulum, situation not determined.

683 O'Suilleabhain, now O'Sullevan. This family was originally seated
at Knockraffon, in the barony of Middlethird, county Tipperary, but they

TRIBES OF MUNSTER. Ixxvii

were driven from thence shortly after the English Invasion, by the family
of De Burgo, when they settled in the present counties of Cork and Kerry.

684 Eoghanacht-Aradh. — This would appear to be same as Eoghanacht-
Caille-na-manach, which is the present barony of Kilnamanagh, in the
county of Tipperary. O1 Guile is probably the name now anglicised Quill.
See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1046.

685 AolmhagJi, i.e., limestone plain. The exact situation of this territory,
which was in the county Tipperary, is now unknown. The name O'Caol-
laighe is now anglicised Kelly. It seems to be a mistake for O'Caella, a
name still numerous, and anglicised Kyley.

686 Eoghanacht of Crich-Cathbhuidh. — This territory is also in the now
county of Tipperary, extending, according to the Book of Lismore, fol.
208, from Pert Moraidh to Slidbh Eibhlinne. The Abhainn Ua gCathbhadha,
now the river of Nenagh, flows through this district. It rises at the
boundary of the barony of Kilnamanagh and Upper Ormond, and flows
westwards through the latter for several miles, then winding north-west,
through Lower Ormond, and passing close to the town of Nenagh, falls
into Loch Dergdheirc (Lough Derg), at Drumneen, five miles north-west
of Nenagh, after a course of about thirty-five miles. See Book of Leinster,
fol. 105.

687 O'Duineachair, now anglicised Dona,her, without the prefix 0'.

688 EoghanachtofRosarguid. — This was a territory in the barony of Upper
Ormond, in the present county of Tipperary. O'Mergdha, or O'Meara, of
this race, had his seat at Toomyvara, in this barony.

689 Carn-Mughaine, i.e., the earn or sepulchral heap of Mughain, a
woman's name. This earn is still to be seen near Toomyvara.

690 Siol-Maoilduin. — This sept of the Eoghanachts and their seat of Dun-
gCais, are now unknown. From the reference to the water it is pro-
bable that they were seated on the east side of Loch Dergdheirc, to the
north-west of Nenagh.

691 Eachdhruim, now unknown. The name is usually anglicised Aughrim.

692 Eoghanacht of Gabhra. — This is another name of Ui-Conaill-Gabhra,
now the barony of Connello, in the county of Limerick.

693 O'dnnfhaeladh, now anglicised Kinealy, without the prefix 0'. This
family is now reduced to poverty and obscurity, but the name is still
numerous among the peasantry.

694 Aes-Greine. — This territory is comprised in the present barony of
Clanwilliam, in the county of Limerick. See Aes-tri-maighe, infra.

Ixxviii O'HUIDHRIN.

695 O'Gonaing. — This name is now anglicised Gunning. Their chief
seat was at Caislen-Ui-Chonaing, now corruptly anglicised Castleconnell,
but they have long since sunk into poverty and obscurity, having been
dispossessed by the Burkes shortly after the English Invasion.

696 Saingil, now Singland, near Limerick, originally included in O'Con-
aing's territory.

697 Grian, now Pallis-grean, which originally belonged to this territory,
of Aes-Greine, though now included in the barony of Coonagh.

698 The Race of Cormac Cos. — These were the O'Briens of Thomondand
their correlatives, who were in O'Huidhrin's time, principally seated to the
north of the river Shannon, but they had a considerable territory to the
south of it, in the present county Limerick. See a curious genealogical
account of the people of Dal-Cais of Thomond, in O'Flaherty's Ogygia,
part iii. c. 81, 82.

699 L0rc of the lamp. — This was Lorcan, grandfather of Brian Boruumha.
7°° Deis-beg. — This was the ancient name of the present barony of Small

County, in the county of Limerick. The town of Bruff was the chief seat
of this territory, and is still called Brugh na Deise by all the Irish-speak-
ing people of the counties of Tipperary, Waterford, and Kilkenny.

701 Claire. — This was the ancient name of a hill near Duntryleague, in
the barony of Small County. Oilioll Olum, the great ancestor of the kings
of Munster, was buried in this hill, and a remarkable cromlech was raised
over him, which still remains in good preservation.

702 O'Luain, now Loane, and sometimes anglicised Lamb.

703 Ui-Duibhrosa, now unknown. The name would be anglicised
Duross.

704 (j* Faircheallaigh, anglicised Farrelly, in other parts of Ireland; but
the name is unknown at Duntryleague, and there is scarcely one of the
name in the barony of Small County.

705 Martine, an old sept of the Firbolgs, of whose territory Emly, in
this neighbourhood, was the seat and centre.

706 Collan, now Slieve Collane, or the Callan mountain, about five miles
to the east of Milltown Malbay, in the barony of Ibrickan, and county of
Clare, celebrated for its Ogham inscription. The western and south-
western part of the county of Clare, as we have already seen, originally
belonged to the Corca-Bhaiscinn.

707 Upper Cantred. — This was included in the present barony of Inchi-
quin, in the county of Clare. The baronies of Corcomroe and Burren ori-

TRIBES OF MUNSTER. Ixxix

ginally belonged, as we have already seen, to the race of Fergus MacRoigh,
king of Ulster, i.e., the O'Conors and O'Loughlins, so that the country of
the O'Deas was the Upper Cantred of Dal Cais.

70s O'Deadhaighj now anglicised O'Dea, the 0' being generally retained
in this territory, but in other parts of Ireland it is anglicised Day, without
the prefix 0'. This family was called by Irish genealogists, Acs lar Forgets,
from their situation on the west side of the river Fergus. They had seats
at Tully O'Dea aad Disert Tola. The O'Deas derive their surname from
Deaghaidh, the 20th in descent from Cormac Cas, a quo Dal Cais.

709 Tealach, now Tullyodea, in the parish of Ruan, barony of Inchiquin,
county of Clare, and about three miles to the north of the church of Dysert.

710 O'Cuinn, now anglicised Quin, without the prefix 0'.

711 Muinter-Ifearnain. — This was the tribe name of the O'Quins, in the
county of Clare, whose territory extended around Coradh-Finne, now Coro-
fin, in the barony of Inchiquin, and county of Clare. Inchiquin was the
original seat of this family, but they were driven from thence by the
O'Briens, in the fourteenth century. The O'Quins derived this tribe name
of Muiuter-IfFernain, from Iffernan, son of Core, the fifteenth in descent
from Cormac Cas, the progenitor of all the Dalcassian septs. See Genealo-
gical Table in Battle of Magh Rath, opposite p. 340.

712 Ui-Flailhri. — The situation of this territory, as well as of Finn-
choradh, is now unknown.

713 O'Cathail) now Cahill, without the prefix 0'; but the name has sunk
into poverty and obscurity.

714 Brentir, now Breintre, a district comprising seven townlands lying
north-east of Sliabh Collain, in the county of Clare. The tribe name Cinel-
Baith is now obsolete.

715 Eidhneach, now the Inagh, a small river near Milltown Malby, in the
west of the county of Clare. It is also the name of a Roman Catholic parish
through which this river flows. O1 Maoilmeadha would be now anglicised
O'Mulvey or Mulvey, but it is obsolete in this district.

716 Ui-Corbmaic. — This name is still locally remembered, and is now
applied to a district comprising the parish of Kilmaley, in the county of Clare ;
but it can be proved from various authorities that it originally comprised all
the barony of Islands, except the parish of Clondagad, which was a part of
East Corca-Vaskin. O'Haichir, now anglicised O'Hehir and Hare, was of
the sept of the Ui-Fidhgeinte, of the race of Eoghan, son of Oilioll Olum,
and not of the race of Cormac Cas; but no account has been yet discovered
of when or by what means they effected a settlement in Thomond.

Ixxx O'HUIDHRIN.

717 Ui-Flannchadha. — Situation unknown ; but it is probable that it
adjoined the last-mentioned territory.

718 O'Duibhginn. — This seems a mistake for 0 'Griobhtha, now Griffy
and Griffin. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1483, 1588.

719 Muintir Connlochtaigh, otherwise called Cinel Cuallachta. Accord-
ing to the Caithreim Thoirdhealbhaigh this territory comprised the south-
eastern part of the barony of Inchiquin, county Clare. The castles of
Ballygriffy and Mogowna were in it.

720 O'Grada, now anglicised O'Grady.

721 Cind-Dunghaile. — This was the tribe name of the O'Gradys, and be-
came, as usual, that of their territory. Since the year 1318 this dis-
trict comprised the parishes of Tomgraney, Inishcaltra, and Clonrush, of
which the two latter are now included in the county of Galway, though
belonging to the diocese of Killaloe.

722 Mac Conmara, now anglicised Mac Namara. This family derives its
name from its ancestor Cumara, son of Domhnall, who was the twenty-
second in descent from Cormac Cas. His son Domhnall died in 1099.

723 Magh Adkair, a level district lying between the towns of Ennis and
Tullagh, in the county of Glare. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 981,
1099, and 1599. It would appear that the family of the O'Hehirs were
seated here before the Mac Namaras.

724 Ui-gCaisin — The name and exact extent of this territory is pre-
served in the deanery of Ogashin, which comprises the parishes of Quin,
Tullagh, Clooney, Doora, Kilraghtis, Kiltalagh, Templemaley,Inchicronan,
and Kilmurry-na-Gall, in the eastern part of the county of Clare. But in
the year 1318, when after the defeat of De Clare and the expulsion of his
allies — the Ui-Bloid — O'Brien gave the Mac Namaras possession of a more
extensive territory than Ogashin, lying between the rivers Fergus and
Shannon, the exact limits of which, in 1584, are defined in a MS. account
of Thomond, preserved in the library of Trinity College, Dublin, E., 2, 14.

725 Muinter-Lideadha, i.e. the O'Liddys, still extant, but reduced.

726 Clann-Dealbhaoith. — This was the tribe name of the O'Neills of
Tradry, a fertile territory in the county of Clare, the extent of which is
preserved in the deanery of Tradry, which contains the parishes of Tom-
finlough, Killnasoolagh, Kilmaleery, Kilconry, Clonloghan, Drumline,
Feenagh, Bunratty, Killaneen, and the Island of Inis-da-drom, in the
south of the county of Clare. After the defeat of De Clare and his adhe-
rents, O'Brien gave the Mac Namaras the whole of this territory, which
is the richest in all Thomond.

TRIBES OF MUNSTER. Ixxxi

727 Fionnluaraigh. — This name is now unknown. It seems to have been
the name of the residence of the ancient chiefs of Tradry. The O'Neills
of this race are still extant, but reduced to obscurity and poverty. If
tradition may be relied upon, the family of Oreagh is a branch of them.

728 O'm-Bloid. — This name is still preserved in the deanery of Omulloid,
in the east of the country of Clare. The chief families of this territory
were the O'Kennedys, O'Shanahans, O'Duracks, and O'Aherns, who
were all driven out of it in 1318 by Turlogh O'Brien, in consequence of
the assistance which they had given to De Clare.

729 Ui-Cearnaigh. — This was the tribe name of the O'Echtigherns, now
O'Aherns, and was, as usual, applied to their territory. It comprised the
parish of Kilfinaghty and a considerable portion of the district lying
between it and the city of Limerick. The name of this territory is
still locally preserved in that of the river Ogarney, which intersects the
little town of Six-mile-bridge, and unites with the Shannon near Bunratty.
This river flows through the middle of the territory of Ui-Cearnaigh, from
near the castle of Eiiaghofline to that of Rosmanagher, after passing which
it forms the boundary between Hy-Cearnaigh and Tradry. It was the
ancestor of O'Ahern that granted the island of Inis-Sibtonn, now the King's
Island, in the city of Limerick, to St. Munchin, from which it may be in-
ferred that he enjoyed a larger territory than that which remained in the
possession of his descendants.

730 Maicniadtis land. — This was a bardic appellation of Munster.

731 Ui'Ronghaile-the country of 0 'Seanchain. — This territory is frequently
mentioned in the Caithreim Thoirdhealbaigh a,s the country of O'Shanahan,
a chieftain of the Ui-Bloid who joined De Clare. He was driven out in
the year 1318, and his country was given to his enemies, the Mac Na-
maras. Hy-Bonghaile comprised the parishes of Kilnoe and Killuran, and
some of the adjoining districts ; but its exact limits cannot now be de-
termined.

732 Gleann Omra, now Glenomra, the country of O'Cinueidigh, now
O'Kennedy. This territory is co-extensive with the parish of Killoken-
nedy. The O'Kennedys were driven out of this territory during the
struggles between the descendants of Turlogh and Brian Roe O'Brien, and
they settled on the east side of the Shannon. Some of the race, however,
remained behind, and their descendants are still extant in Glenomra and
its vicinity in the condition of small farmers and cottiers.

733 Race ofDonnchuan. — The O'Kennedys are the descendants of Bonn-

Ixxxii O'HUIDHRIN.

chuan, brother of the famous Brian Borumha, who was monarch of Ireland
from A.D. 1002 to 1014.

734 Muinter DiuWiraic, i.e., the family of O1 Diiibhraic, now anglicised
Durack, without the prefix 0'. Dun-Braine, the name of their seat, is now
unknown.

735 Taath O'g-Conghaile, i.e., the territory of the Ui-Conghaile. This
territory is probably co-extensive with the parish of Ogonnelloe, alias
Aglish-Sinnell, which preserves its name.

736 Borumha, now Bealboroo, a fort near Killaloe, in the S.E. of the
county of Clare.

737 Ui Toirdhealbhaigh. — The territory of this sept was bounded on
the north by Ui Conghaile; on the east, by the Shannon; on the south
and south-west, by the river Shannon; and on the west, by Glenomra,
the territory of O'Kennedy. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1192.

738 Flannaris Gill Dalua, i.e., Killaloe, of which St. Flannan is the
patron saint.

739 Tuath LuimnigJi, — A district verging on the city of Limerick.
O'Cadhla is now anglicised Kealy, and O'Maille, O'Malley.

740 Ui Aimrit or Ui Aimeirt. — The situation of this sept is unknown.
O'Duibhidhir, now O'Dwyer, was seated in the present barony of Kilnama-
nagh, in the county of Tipperary ; but this appears to be a different family.

741 Caladh is on the north side of the river Shannon, near the city of
Limerick, and extends from the Shannon to the southern boundary of the
parish of Kilmurry na-Gaul. O'Ceadfadha is now anglicised Keating,
but the true form would be O'Keaty.

742 Aos-tri-muighe, i.e., the people of the three plains. This territory
comprised the whole of the present barony of Clanwilliam and a consider-
able part of what is now called the county of the city of Limerick.
O'Conaing was seated at Caislen Ui-Chonaing, now Castleconnell, and his
territory extended from Cnoc-Greine, near Pallas-Grean, to the city of
Limerick. He was dispossessed by a branch of the Burkes shortly after
the English Invasion. See Annals of the Four Masters, A.D. 1597, p.
2041, note z.

743 Craobh Cumhraidhe, i.e., the sweet or odoriferous branch, now Cre-
cora, the name of a parish near the city of Limerick.

744 Uaithnes, now the baronies of Owney, in the counties of Limerick
and Tipperary.

745 Uaiihne-tire, now the barony of Owney, in the county of Tipperary.

TRIBES OF MUNSTEE. Ixxxlii

746 Mag-Ceoch, now Mac Keogh, and Keogh. This family was seated at
Ballymakeogh, near the river Mulkern, not far from the city of Limerick.
The Rev. John Keogh, author of the "Irish Herbal and Irish Zoology" and
of "Vindication of the Antiquities of Ireland," was of this sept, as he him-
self informs us, in the last-mentioned work, p. 142, where he states that
he was the son of the Rev. John Keogh, of Strokestown, in the county
Roscommon, the son of Denis, son of John, who was son of Anthony Keogh,
of Cloonclieve, near the river Mulkern, within two miles of Limerick, where
his ancestors enjoyed a very plentiful estate on both sides of the river
Shannon and Mulkern. Compare Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, p. 167,
and correct the error in the notice of this John which is given there.

747 Muinter Loingsigh, i.e., the family of O'Loingsigh, now anglicised
Lynch in this territory, though the same name is in other parts of Ireland
anglicised Linchy and Linskey. William Lynch, Esq., author of the
" Feudal Dignities," was of this family.

748 Uaithne-Cliach, now the barony of Owneybeg, in the east of the
county of Limerick.

749 Q'/i-ffearnan. — This name is now anglicised HefTernan, without the
prefix 0'. The name is rather common in the counties of Limerick and
Tipperary.

750 O'CatJialain, now Cahallan, and more generally shortened to Callan.
These three families were dispossessed by the O'Mulryans, now Ryans, a
Leinster family of the race of Cathaoir Mor.

751 Ara, now the barony of Ara or Duhara, in the north-west of the
county of Tipperary. The people of Ara are of the Ulster race of Rudh-
raighe, being, according to the Irish genealogists, descended from Feart-
lachta, the son of Fergus Mac Roigh, king of Ulster in the first century.
See Ogygia, Part III., cap. 46. There was another territory of this name
called Ara Oliach, situate in the county of Limerick.

t-52 O'Donnagain, now Donegan without the 0'. There are families of
this name still extant in Tipperary, but among a very humble class. There
are various other families of the name in Ireland of totally different races.

753 Qroia dliach. — This was the ancient name of the Galtee mountains in
the county of Tipperary.

754 Mag Longachain. — This name is now obsolete, unless it be that angli-
cised Lanigan, which is pronounced O'Lonnagain and O'Luinegain among
the Irish-speaking people.

755 Ui-Cuanach. — This name is preserved in the now barony of Coonagh,

o2

Ixxxiv O'HUIDHRIN.

in the east of the county of Limerick ; but, from its connexion with Orota
Cliach, it would appear that it was originally far more extensive. It was
a portion of Ara Cliach.

756 Muintir-Duibhidhir, now anglicised O'Dwyer and Dwyer. This
family was seated in the present barony of Kilnamanagh, in the county of
Tipperary. They seem to be different from the O'Duibhidhirs of Ui-
Aimrit, already referred to.

757 Muinter Cearbhaill, i.e., the family of O'Cearbhaill, now anglicised
O'Carrol!, and more frequently Carroll without the prefix 0'.

7?8 Biorra's plain, i.e., the level district lying around Birr, now Par-
sonstown, in the King's County.

7'9 Eile. — This was the name of a tribe, which was, as usual among the
ancient Irish, applied to a territory. It was derived from Eile, the seventh
in descent from Cian, son of Oiliol Olum, king of Munster, in the third
century. It contained the whole of Ely O'Carroll, which belonged origin-
ally to Munster, but is now assigned to the King's County, and contains
the baronies of Clonlisk and Ballybritt : in it were also included the
baronies of Ikerrin and Eliogarty, now in the county of Tipperary. The
boundary between Ely O'Carroll and the ancient Meath is determined by
that between the diocese of Killaloe and the diocese of Meath ; for that
portion of the King's County which belongs to the diocese of Killaloe was
Ely O'Carroll, and originally belonged to Munster. The other portions
of the original Ely, such as Ikerrin and Eliogarty, were withdrawn from
O'Carroll shortly after the English Invasion, and added to the Earl of
Ormond's country; however the native chieftains, O'Meagher and O'Fogarty,
were left in possession, but tributary to the Earl of Ormond. See Leabhar
na gCeart, pp. 78, 79, note *.

760 Cinel-Farga, Kinelarga, a territory in Ely-0'Carroll, nearly, if not
exactly, coextensive with the present barony of Ballybrit, in the King's
County. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1548, p. 1,509, note f. The
O'Flanagans of this race are still extant, but all reduced to poverty and
obscurity. The O'Flanagans of the line of Tadhg of the Battle of Crinna
are to be distinguished from those of Clancahill, in the county of Roscom-
mon, and of Tooraah, in the county of Fermanagh, who have been much
more famous in Irish history.

761 Race of Tadhg, son of Cian of Crinna. — This has reference to Tadhg,
(the ancestor of the O'Flanagans of this race, and also of O'Carroll), who
assisted Cormac Mac Art in the battle of Crinna, in the third century, in

TRIBES OF MUNSTER. IxXXV

reward for which king Cormac granted him the territory of Cianachta, in
the east of ancient Meath. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 226, and
O'Flaherty's Ogygia, Part III., c. 68.

762 Lec-Oilella, — This place, which was the seat of O'Flanagan, has not
been identified.

763 Clann-Ruainne, and Mag Corcrain. — The exact situation of this ter-
ritory has not been yet determined; Donogh Mac Corcrane was one of
O'Carroll's freeholders in 1576, when O'Carroll made his submission to
Queen Elizabeth. The name MacCorcrain is still extant, but anglicised
Corcoran and Corkran, without the prefix Mac.

764 0 h-Aedhagain, now anglicised Egan. This name is to be distin-
guished from MacEgan, with which it is now confounded. Teige O'Hegan
was one of O'Carroll's freeholders in 1576. See Annals of Four Masters,
A.D. 1576, p. 1690, note e.

765 Crick Cein. — This is only a bardic name for Ely- O'Carroll.

766 Clann lonmainen. — This was the tribe name of the O'Hegans, but it
is now forgotten, and the exact situation of O'Hegan is unknown to tradition.

767 Clann Maenaigh. — This was the tribe name of the O'Doolys, who
were seated on the western face of Slieve Bloom, in Ely-0'Carroll. But
this family had been originally chiefs of Fertullagh, in Westmeath, whence
they were banished before the English Invasion by the O'Melaghlins.
Donogh Oge O'Dowlye was one of O'Carroll's freeholders in 1576.

768 Bladhma, now Slieve Bloom, on the western face of which this family
was situated.

769 Clann-Coinlegain. — This was the tribe name of the family of Mac
Giolla-Phoil, now MacGilfoyle. This family had their seat at Suidhe-an-
roin, now Shinrone, in 1576, when Sir William O'Carroll, chief of Ely,
made his submission to the Lord Deputy, Sir Henry Sidney.

77°Nui-Deci — This was the tribe name of the family of O'Banain, now
Banan, originally seated at Leim Ui-Bhanain, now the Leap Castle, in
the barony of Clonlisk, near Roscrea. William O'Banane was one of
O'Carroll's freeholders in 1576. See Annals of Four Masters, 1514, 1516,
1576.

771 The O'Meachairs. — The name of this family is now anglicised
O'Meagher, but more generally Meagher or Maher, without the prefix 0'.
Their territory of Ui-Cairin is now called Ikerrin, and is a barony in the
north of the present county of Tipperary.

772 Bearnan-Eile, i.e., the gapped mountain of Ely, now called in English
the Devil's Bit Mountain.

Ixxxvi O'HUIDIIRIN.

773 Tuatha-Faralt. — This name is now obsolete. O'h-Ailche is now
anglicised Halley.

774 Corca Thine, anglice Corkehenny. This is still the ecclesiastical
name of the parish of Templemore, in the county of Tipperary. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1580, p. 1749, note a.

775 Druim-sailech, i.e., dorsum salicum, a conspicuous ridge in the barony
of Ikerrin, about five miles to the south of Roscrea. The castle of Moy-
drum stands upon it. See Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 1601, p. 2276.

776 CfCathail, now Cahill, without the prefix 0'.

777 The Southern Eile. — This is Eliogarty, i.e. Eile Ui-Fhogartaigh, or
O'Fogarty's Ely, a barony in the county of Tipperary.

778 JEochaidh Baillderg. — He was the son of Caerthann Fionn, king of
Thomond, in St. Patrick's time. See Ogygia, Part III., c. 82. According
to this, O'Fogarty was not of the Elian race, but of the Dal-Cais of
Thomond.

779 (ypogarta, D0w anglicised Fogarty, without the prefix 0'. This
family became extinct, in the senior line, in the last century, and was
succeeded by the Lanigans of Castlefogarty.

780 (jorca-Aela. — Exact situation not discovered. The families here
mentioned are now totally unknown.

781 Ui-Lughdhach, otherwise called Ui-Luighdheach, or Ileagh, for-
merly a separate barony, and shown as such in the Down Survey, but
now included in the barony of Eliogarty.

782 O'Spealain. — This name is now anglicised Spillan and Spollan,
without the prefix 0'.

VARIOUS HEADINGS.

VARIOUS READINGS,

SELECTED FROM MICHAEL o'CLERY's COPY (MARKED M.) AS COMPARED WITH THE TEXT
OF CUCOCRICHE OR PEREGRINE o'CLERY.

M. reads,

Page 4, line 19, net coi^eata . . . na 0615 COI^ID.
„ „ 22, f eac tdirh . . .pa tdfi.

„ „ 24, na h-6yienn . . . peafi n-Cytenn.

„ lines 28, 29, 30, 31, . , . Not in M.
Page 6, line 1, 05 fo • . . . . cabfiarri.
>, » 7> saifisome . scnfisbile.

„ „ 11, a bfiau .... na mbyieat.

„ „ 12, TjasoftYiais . . . plait buan.

„ „ 13, 0'Coin'Dealbaiin na cctiifie 0'CainT)eatbairi an

„ „ 15, a^a cfiaoib ti lib . . an cjiaob 50 n^ean

„ ,, 16, an tai£ii> . . . tai^ean.

„ 21, Cnogba .... Cnotba.
Page 8, line 1, co pleafaib . . . of na fteacuaib.

„ 2, Caiunpeffctig . . Catarai£.

„ „ 3, O'Leocam . . . O'Locham.

„ 4, 'na fii£ gtan . . na |n§ nieafi.

„ „ 5, na nT)05 aft . na

„ „ 12, aigefean . . . taifiorh.

„ „ 16, 05 a ftait . . . af e a
„ ,x 19, auci a ctomn . . . af catma cumg.
„ „ 20, Hi T)eatbna . . . Ri a|i T)eatbna.

lines 21, 22, 23, 24, ... Not in M.
line 25, peayiffoa . . . feaiii)a.
„ 27, na bfei\en T>eatbmt . -. fi|ien na pe-oiiia.
Page 10, line 3, Oiuaiu inbuai>a . . Out ait inbuaif>.

Ixxxviii

VARIOUS READINGS.

Page 10, line 4, mafi

» » &>

„ „ 9, caomca'ola

. „ „ 10, ni T>li5 pinn

„ „ 11, T)onT>aifibe j5fioiT>e .

14, cfieceayimac

15, fio pa£ fitiim> cofiiara

16, TTIa^ Cttmn

20, na ticnfvofif o^na
23, beiT>iue fiem uhaoib

tule .

25, na mucccl
28, mumeifv.
Page 12, lines 1 to 24, . * .
Page 14, lines 1, 2, 3, 4, .
„ line 7, bpine
„ lines 9 to 24,
„ line 27, na mbann
Page 20, line 1, 1 n-iochaib
„ „ 4, o pine
„ „ 17, na T>al .
„ „ 18, -oeic
Page 22, line 1,

9,

11, cen len

12, moen
23, holl afi
24,

27, cleap
Page 24, line 7, nac buan

„ „ 17, ^a cean-oach .

„ „ 18, mbfiea£6a

„ 20, -oei^leanuairi .
„ „ 21, bloii)
Page 26, line 11, nocaji Dfttimuana
Page 28, line 1,

M. reads,

. m

. poll

. caoim calm a.

. nac 7>li£eann paoi.

. luce connailbe 5ftoif>eac.

. cauaftmac.

. O'Cumn.
. na

mT>

. biT>ftenaeaoibmafttuile.

. na mop, a£.

. cm el.

. Not in M.

. Not in M.

. ai)ba.

. Not in M.

. na mbann.

• BO

. T) pine.

. cau.

pa Ian.
TTlodn.
poll 1 bpeT>maib.

nac beag c|toiT>.
cia an ceallac.

ni T)ianachaiT).

blai).

noca T)Ufu;ana an T)6:n.

VARIOUS READINGS.

Ixxxix

L reads,

Page 28, line 2,

„ „ 4, nd hanaii) . .
„ „ 4, ofgtaif) fie a coif

„ „ 25, pa pnoiDe

„ „ 26, eaoipi

Page 32, line 3, TK> cim ga ccat

„ „ 4, T>a fii

TT1 on ach

„ „ 14, caoim T)eatbi)a

„ „ 27, tli TTlaoitcftaoibea

ni anab.

DO ci fiea

p an

an

T>O ci gac fiat.

TT1 an ach
cyuche T»eatBna.
Hi T)tnbcftaoibe

Page 34, line 22, Hi CCiDiuh . . . Hi

„ „ 28, Hi TTlo|\na Tnioncoyicirta . Hi TTlo|if)a an aiftni

„
Page

„ 29, en 5 ra-oatt ua-p, a
36, line 6, pa neafiumafi .
„ 7, ctiich .
„ 15, ap T)a caftraig
„ 16, popaiT) ..
„ 17, aifsii) na ceite af

.. bponn.
cleifi . cm

na cetit>.

19,

"Ouibeanina

op

. Hi TTlti5Ti6in.

Page

po- Hi T)tnbearhna
pe-Dtun.

20, n-CCmai5aiT> . .

21, Hi TTlotina . .

22, pofimna ...

23, TTIe5T)tiilecTiainna n-uiie 0'T)tiilechdin gan -otube.
25, O'Coteafiam . . . O'Ctoqaam bofiD an baite.

„ 26, T)at Ctn|\b . . . T>at
38, line 1, T>ei£ ...

„ 2, emi5 . engnama.

„ 3, taochT>a . •. * • taoc-Dacca.

„ 9, tia ... • tno.

„ 14, 'S6 cattaoc 0'Lab|\af)a . 50 pop*; laoc-oa Hi Cab

21,

. mait.

xc

VARIOUS READINGS.

Page 38, line 22,

„ 25,

,, 28,

Page 40, line 5,

» 7, 1 .
„ „ 9, an pm
„ „ 16, ba ceanT)
„ „ 17, ctanna
„ „ 18, rpe coinifiechc nip .

„ „ 19, oiT)p,eci; 6 n
„ „ 23, nibopb-oa mOaghtime

Page 42, line 1, O'TTIaoitma^na
„ 2, a
„ 4, %

„ „ 5, te h-Ua c'Caiyiceipu pa
cuip

M. reads,

50 mofi b«aiT).

lebionn.

anpiata.

na pni.
ap, -pon.
ctann n-"

5°

6 oiT)pecu an
m-bp,o5f)a boT>uine.
O11TlaoitbaT)na.

aib nip T)ian-ceitef) a 'ouucuf na T)iain-ceitiT).
•pe henuaip.
tep 0'nT)ocapuai5 if

inbmne
L, teim ^ac qioiT)

20,
22,
23,
29,

mayi aT) ctof .

na

na

Page 44, line 7,

Page 48, line 27, te ^ac T>tiain

„ „ 32, a mbunaf)
Page 50, lines 1, 2, 3, 4, .
„ line 7, 50 -paip,e
„ „ 15; T)o ciaT) gan maop an

maicne

lines 17, 18, 19, 20,
„ line 25, ceiupe caoifeacha .
„ 26,

an

UiT)tnblin.
m sac aifvo T)inn T)d
a cofiaf).
T)o bunai>.
Not in M.
$a pne.

nocafi ctaon a

Not in M.
ceaqriaji

VARIOUS READINGS. XC1

M. reads,

Page 52, line 1, co mbtaDaib .

„ lines 5, 6, 7, 8, . . . . Not in M.
„ line 11, lODotua .... ioDal/ca.

lineslS, 14, 15, 16, ... Not in M.
„ line 17, af Dio£ainn . . . af Dio£ainn
„ „ 18, gan coft ceaf . . . DO

„ „ 26, uuaobgtom

„ 27, sniorii .
„ „ 31, na pip, ndft cfiion na 6 bftij; nioft cfiion a

cftanna cqrianna.

Page 54, line 3, $ac Djieach . . .a Dfieach.
„ „ 11, -piatboga . . . cia

„ „ 21, na moi^ean . . . na
„ „ 22, ipo-pusa'Dnappionn^ae'Deat fofsa-6 poft na ngtan

Page 56, line 1, TTlas CasaTDam cuaifiu TTiac CCeTjasam

btaifje btaii)e.

„ „ 7, DO rhitt a pagta an pan . nifiniiU,abpaslanaptiinn.

„ „ 10, ni ueT) T>ao|ifsiiift peiT)m ni ctaiua bpp,aoci)acu na

na

„ 11,

„ „ 13, DO cttunueft aoib a ojiga . ni cttnnueyi aoib

„ „ 21, TTIiiinueft ^lottasam na THac ^lottasdm na cceaT>

ccjieach ccyieach.

,, 23,
» 26,

„ „ 28, n-aT)hmoitl . . . n-atmnn.

Page 58, line 3, pa mait an cuibyienn maiu an ctnbfienn

cneatac ceannac.

lines 5, 6, 7, 8, . . Not in M.

„ lines 1 1, 12, co tafi Caiftbfte na ceatatn, coigeai) Connacc DO ctomn
na nai|isne ionn- tleitl, 50 Caifibfie na

cc^iioc cctaii)|ie'6.

line 18, a ceann a^afi . > . .a ceaD aDafic.

„ 20, regain 1 Liu 1 £nip ai tie . ipecca|iLuisnenataoctan.

„ 21, Denom cunhne afi Clan- Den cairn aft O'cCeafina-
naib Cem cam.

XC11 VARIOUS READINGS.

M. reads,

Page 60, line 2, ceiteaftnai^ . .

„ „ 7, Hfla^ TTlaonais moi-p, . Tlfla^atiiTia mojx.

„ „ 8, an fuoshftois . . na fa^tos.

„ „ 9, ponn 0 ppachfiach . 50 benn flebe

„ „ 11, on qplua£ tijvipanuac . na ftuag uft -pa neaju;.

„ „ M. adds the following quatrain here : —

1omf>a qfiiat if moi^eac reann
'•San rjffifi 0 bpiacftac ;
c ^aca cuaiue T>1,
gac baile.

Many a chief and strong sub-chief

In this territory of the Hy-Fiachrach ; I mention

The sub-chief of every district thereof,

And the brughaidh of each townland.

M. reads,
Page 62, line 4, a mufiaib . . . afi macaib.

„ „ 7, bfiiogach a mb|H5 . . beo-oa 50 Tnbfti§.

„ „ 10, featba .... featbac.
„ lines 15, 16, 17, 18, . . . Omitted in M.
„ line 19, min mtuge , . .50 1105 tute.
„ „ 20, cialtai-oe . . . ctcmn ceittii)e.
26, 'uccii an T)d Dium T>dn-

Page 64, line 20, cafia an comoil . . cafia an caorhfloi§.
„ „ 27, O'Tla-onaiT) . . . O'Tleanna.
„ „ 28, neaT) nac /oaiT>bifi if nac

T>iombtian . . . a feula fin ni 'oiombuan.
Page 66, line 1, Siol mac CCcyoha . . mac CCaDa pal.
„ „ 2, cldji^ai fifing . . . . cldfi-dfifai'6.
„ „ 3, Slua£ mao|iT)a T>an mian

meaoa

„ „ 4, aobi)a maojvoa.

„ „ 7, fie na ngleo -olea^afi . m^leo ni

„ 9, le hCCiTme . . . le h 0'heiT>m.
,, „ 10, le n-uaifle if le n-enieacli lonnfaigeam O'piac|iac.

VARIOUS READINGS. XC111

M. reads,

Page 66, line 11, a fiio§a . * * . an^niorh.

„ „ 12, pot

„ „ 20, §tan

Page 68, line 4, paififeang , . .50

„ „ 11, ffieaba fiT>e . . . na -pjieab fif)e.

„ „ 12, ni mmftige . . . na Tnoiftpjge.

„ 20, O'TTlaotataiT) . . . O'triaotpatai'D.

M. adds after this line —

"Ma -peace Sogam na -peacnam,

^toig T>O conTDtucai5 gac cfioT>,

The seven Soghans we shun not,
Their kingdom shall not be neglected,
Hosts which have united every property,
Every Soghan is equally hereditary to them.

M. reads,

Page 70, line 2, Rioga .... panna.

„ 7, 01^15 • • uitvo.

„ „ 9, Dtnat ^aifibgentitec na fttia£ mai-omneirhneac na

n^tan 05 moc dfi.

„ „ 10, O'tlaifwmeitiineac Uatla- TTlac CCiffonerhneac Hat-

ch an tachdn.

„ „ 16, tia^ait .... ottiof>an.

„ „ 24, taiuearham . ; . taiueatfiait.

„ „ 27, fte qrieafaib . . a ryieafaiB.

Page 72, line 15, -Saofi a ftua§ . . ptait an ufttiaig.

„ „ 16, pearita . . briea^ija.

Page 74, line 5 to p. 78, line 4, . . Not in M.

Page 82, line 1, gaoi-oil . . £>ait.

„ „ 9, utii|\ £aoiT>it . . roifi gait.

„ 11, if . • r«-

n „ 28, ccatofv6a . . ccauaji-oa.

Page 84, line 13, TTlas CCoipe . . THaj

Page 86, line 22, beafiba . . Of

XC1V

VARIOUS READINGS.

M. reads,
Page 90, line 17, hth petme fuaiftrtiaiT) an htli petme cuaii) fuaifian

tli

Oeifte

Page 92, line 10,

» 20,

Page 94, line 1,

» » 12,

„ 16,

j> » 22,

Page 98, line 23,

„ 24,

Page 100, line 21,

„ 24,
Page 102, line 1,

„ 22,
Page 104, line 18,

„ 21,
Page 106, line 12,

„ 24,
Page 108, line 9,

,, 24,

Page 112, line 25,
Page 114, line 15,
Page 11 6, line 20,
Page 120, line 13, te hUa

, 27,

Page 122, line 6,
Page 124, line 18,
Page 128, line 13,

Page 130, line 6,

Page 132, line 10,

Page 134, line 17,

» « 25,

-pufr6orm .
ceirn T>O mtnnn

^abonn
ptnjvc

ceini T)O mum

^abann.
contufit:

m

. . a fence.
5 O'Caiute . . S° Stiab ^-Caitte.

. O'bfiiam. O'Brien,
o cfiich Caifit cet> T>O cmT) aji c|iich Caifit -paift T»O

CCrhete

0' n-Oachach . . Hi O n-Oachach.

CCficodrit; .

c-ftoinn .
O'Tliomctfbocm
O'Congaite
TTDtnTimeach

. neoc.

te h-Ui
fomenma

, ictrh on

1 ccemn .
•o' Oa .
lonmamen
Tltn

)' 1b

oim£.
. i ccem.
. -D' Ua.
. lonmamdm.
. Mtu CCimei|iT:.
. Ual

iarh an

VAEIOUS READINGS. XCV

M. adds the following memorandum at the end : —

CCft ftiocc lottairiT), mic Seaam 1 YYlaoitconaifie, |io fquobtif an
mian fin, 7 an z:aT»baft a rcc ftoimpe ; 7 aft ftiocc . . . fio fqubiif
qaialtam cirnceaU, na poT»ta, 7 a hatbafi 1 cCoftcai£ 3 1utn, 1629.
'Cabyiai) ^ac aon T)ia -ppoigena, 7 -oia n-eifupe a bennaci: ayi anmtim an
ci |io

" On the track of lollann, son of Shane O'Maelchonaire [O'Mulconry],
I haye written this poem [of O'h-Uidhrin], and the argument [the prose
abstract] which precedes it ; and on the track of . .....

I have copied [O'Dubhagain's poem beginning] Triallam timcheall na
Fodhla, and its argument, at Cork, the 3rd of July, 1629. Let every one
to whom they may be useful, or who shall hear them give his blessing
on the soul of him who transcribed them."

The prose abstract here mentioned by Michael O'Clery, as having been
prefixed by him to O'Huidhrin's poem, is considered by the Editor too
defective and inaccurate to be included in the present publication.

INDEX.

The names printed in Italics, whether in the regular order, or subjoined to others, are those
which occur in the Text. The references to the Text are in plain Arabic numerals; those to the
Notes in Roman, with the numbers of the notes enclosed in brackets; and those to the Introduc-
tion in Arabic, with Int. prefixed.

A.

Abhainn Mor, in Minister, 108 ; the Black-
water, Ixix (604).

Abhainn Ua gCathbadha, the river of
Nenagh, Ixxvii (686).

Achadh Finnich, in Ui Dunchadha, xiv
(59).

Acht, a tribal termination, Int. 8.

Aedh, meaning of, Int. 52; rendered
Hugh, xiii (52). See Aodh.

Cataract of, Eas Aedha, xxix (194).

Aenghus, how Anglicised, Int. 57.

Aes, meaning of, Int. 8.

Aes Ais-de in Munster, 106, Ixviii (590).

Ealla, 116; near Newmarket, Ixxv

(660).

Greine, 1 20 ; co. Tipperary, Ixxvii

(694) ; co. Limerick, Ixxviii (697).

lar Forgas, co. Clare, Ixxix (708).

Tri Muighe, 128; barony of Clanwil-

liam, Ixxxii (742).

Africa, a Christian name, Int. fi 1 .
Aglish Sinnell, Ixxxii (735).
Agnomina, fosteral, Int., 17, 18; personal,

Int. 17, 20; posthumous, Int. 18.
Aicme, meaning of, Int. 8.
Aidhne, in Connacht, 66 ; co. Galway, xliii

f326).

Aighe, a tribal termination, Int. 8.

Aine or Hannah, Int. 59.

Aine Aulum, 118; unknown, lxxvi(682).

Airdrigh, 2,6.

Airghialla. See Oirghialla.

Airtech in Connacht, 46, 54 ; or Tibo-

hine, xxxv (253).
Airtheara. See Oirtheara.
Aithech Tuatha, or Attacoti, forms of

names of the, Int. 8.
Alani Registrum cited, v (20).
AIM, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Allen, Almhain, in Kildare, liv (437).
Allin, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Allow, Ella, the, Ixxiv (658).
Alltraighe, in Kerry, 112; near Tralee,

Ixxii (636).

Alma, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Almhain, in Leinster, 88 bis; Hill of

Allen, Iv (448) ; co. Kildare, liv (437).
Almhuin, 90 ; in Wicklow, Iv (454).
Alphin, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Ambrose, or Anmchadh, Int. 57.
Aneslis, or Standish, Int. 57.
Anghaile, in Longford, xxxviii (277).
Anglicisms of Irish names, Int. 29.
Animals, names derived from, Int. 54.
Anmchadh, Ambrose, Int. 57.

XCV111

INDEX.

Aodh, son of Cobthach, race of, xliii

(333). See Aedh.
Aoibhin, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Aoife, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Aolmhayh, 120; in co. Tipperary, Ixxvii

(685).

Aos Aisde, in co. Kerry, Ixviii (590).
AoS'tri-muighe, 128; now the barony of

Clanwilliam, Ixxxii (742).
Ap, Welsh term, Int. 12.
Ara, 130, barony of Duhara, lxxxiii(751).
Aradh, Eoghanacht of, 120, Ixxvii (684).
Archdeacon, family of, Int. 24.
Arda, in Munster, 104, Ixvi (567).
Ardagh O'Floinn, in co. Cork, Ixvi (567).
Ardghal, Christian name, Int. 57.
Ard Macha, 38; Armagh, xxix (190).
Ard Miodhair in Tir Conaill, 18, 42; co.

Donegal, xxxi (209).
Ardskeagh, Fiort Sceithe, Ixix (605).
Ardsratha, Ui Fiachrach of, xx (114).
Armagh, Abp. of, xxix (190); schools of,

xxix (191).

Arney River, in Fermanagh, xxiii(137).
Art, a Christian name, Int. 54.
Artramont, district of, Ivii (471).
Ath-baiteoige, ford of, lii (426).
Ath-fuiseoige, ford of, lii (426).
Athracta, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Ath Slisin, 50 ; near Elphin, xxxiii (229).
Aughnagon, in Clonallon, xxvi (171).

B.

Ballaghkeen barony, Ui Felme, Iv (460).
Ballinrobe, xl (295).
Ballyadams, barony of, liii (429).
Ballybrit, Cinel Farya, Ixxxiv (760).
Bally brophy, Queen's co. Ix (499).
Ballycarbery, O'Conghaile of, Ixviii (594).
Ballyculter, parish of, xxvii (178).
Ballydonolan, xlvi (354).
Ballydugan, near Roscrea, xlvi (358).
Ballygriffy, co. Clare, Ixxx (719).
Ballyknockan, liii (434).
Bally loughloe, parish of, xi (46).

Ballymaconry, Kingston, xlii (322).
Ballymadun, parish of, v (20).
Ballymakeogh, Ixxxiiii (746).
Ballyman, olim Glen Umerim, xiv (59).
Ballyshannon, EasAedha, xxix (194), and

Eas Ruaidh, xxx (202).
Balrothery west, barony of, v (20).
Balscaddan, parish of, v (20).
Banan, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Banba, 1 16 ; West, 106.
Bandain, the river, in Munster, 102, Ixv

(560).

Ban-Seanchus, the tract, Int. 59.
Bantry, co. Cork, Ixv (565) ; Beanntraighe ,

Ixvii (586); Bantry Bay, Cuan Baoi,

Ixvii (577).

co. Wexford, BeanntiaiyJte,\v\ (467).

Baoi, harbour of, 104 ; Bantry Bay, Ixvii

577.

Bheirre, Beare Island, Ixvii (577).

Baothghalach, a Christian name, Int. 58.
Baptismal Names, Irish, Int. 51.
Bardubh, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Bargy, the barony of, Fearann Deiscertach,

Ivi (468).

Barrett, family of, Int. 22, 23.
Barrow, the river, Bearbha, liii (430).
Barry more, Ui Liathain, Ixiv (549).
Baskin, O'Baiscinn, co. Clare, Ixxi (618).
Baslick, Mulrenins of, xxxiv (242).
Battle of Magh Rath, referred to, xxviii

(184), xxx (195, 196, 199, 202).
Bealboroo, Borumha, Ixxxii (736).
Beanntraighe, 106 ; Bantry, co. Cork, Ixvii

(586).
, in Leinster, 90 ; Ban try, co. Wexford,

Ivi (467).
Bearbha, river, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96 ; the

Barrow, liii (430), Iviii (481), Ix (509).
Beare, Bearra, Barony of, co. Cork, Ixv

(558), Ixvii (576, 577).
Bear nan Eile, 132 ; Devil's Bit Mountain,

Ixxxv (772).
Bearra, 104 ; plain of, 102 ; Beare, Ixv

(558) ; O'hEidirsceoil of, Ixvii (576).

INDEX.

XC1X

Bebail, Christian name, Int. 61.
Bebinn, Christian name, Int. 61.
Becan, meaning of name, Int. 54.
Bece, son of Fergus, Ixv (559).
Belaslishen, Bel-atha-Slisen, near Elphin,

xxxiii (229).

Bel-atha-Slisen, Belaslishen, xxxiii (229).
Bell, St. Patrick's, of Knockpatrick,

Ixxii (637).

Bellmont, in Roscommon, xli (303).
Beoan, meaning of name, Int. 54.
Berach, meaning of name, Int. 58.
Berchan, St. of Clonsast, li (418).
Bergin, OAimirgin, of King's co. xlviii

(377), li (416).

Berichert, St. of Tullylease, Ixx (607).
Bermingham, family of, Int. 22.
Biorra, 132 ; plain of, 130, Ixxxiv (758).
Bissett, or Mac Eoin, Int. 24.
Blackwater, Abhainn Mor, Ixix (604).
Bladhma, in Lefnster, 94, 130, 132; Slieve

Bloom, Iviii (483), Ixxxv (768).
Blathmac, meaning of name, Int. 54.
Blathriaid, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Boinn, river, 80, 90, 110, xlix (391), Iv

(451), lxxi(619).
Boirche, 38 ; the Mourne Mountains, xxviii

(182).
Boirinn, in Munster, 82, 114; Burren, 1

(404), Ixxiii (644).

Burren, Boirinn, 1 (404), Ixxiii (644).
Bollandists, Acta Sanctorum of, xv (60).
Borumha, 128; Bealboroo, Ixxxii (736);

meaning of, Ixi (519).
Boylagh, Tir Ainmirech, xxx (198).
Boylan, O'Baoigheallain, xxii(131).
Boyne, the, Boinn, xlix (391).
Brahan, O'Brachain, Ixii (527).
Branan, meaning of name, Int. 54.
Brannach, or Walsh, Int. 26.
Brawney, Breaghmhaine, in Westmeath,

x (42).
Breagh, heroes of, 106; plain of, iii (1 1).

Southern, 4, 12; in Meath, xiii (55).

Breaghmagh,]4] for Magh Breagh, xv(63).

Breaghmhaine, 2, 10; Brawney, in West-
meath, x (42).

Breasal Einechghlas, xlvii (364), Iv (452).

Bredach, the, in Uladh, 16, 20 ; in Inish-
owen, xvi (72).

in Connacht, 72; formerly Magh

Finn, xlvi (362).*

Breen, Mac Braoin, xlviii (385), lix (498).

Bregian fort, 95.

Breifne, king of, 46, 54 ; tribes of, 46, 54 ;

where, xxxvi (260).
Breintre, Brentir,\xx.\x (714).
Brennan, O'Braonain, xlix (386), lix

(496).
Brentir, Cinel Baith of, 124; in co. Clare,

Ixxix (714).

Brian, meaning of name, Int. 54 ; how an-
glicised, Int. 58.
Brian Boruimhe, 98, Ixi (519); surnames

said to have been fixed under, Int. 9.
Brick, O'Bric, of Tipperary, Ixii (529),

Ixiii (541).

Brigh, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Brighit, St. 38, 72, xxix (187), xlvi (361) ;

meaning of name, Int. 59.
Britons in' Meath, 4, 14.
Brocan, meaning of name, Int. 54.
Broder, O'Bruadair, Ix (511).
Broderick, O'Bruadair, xlviii (384), co.

Kilkenny, Ix (5 11).
Brody, Ap Body, Int. 51.
Brophy, O'Broithe, Ix (499).
Brothers, O'Bruodair, xlviii (384).
Bruff, in co. Limerick, Ixxviii (700).
Brugh, the, 2, 8, 14, vii (27).
Brugh na Boinne, vii (27).

na Deise, Ixxviii (700).

Brughaidh, a farmer, xxvii (180).
Bruree, or Dun Cuirc, Ixxvi (676).
Buadhach, meaning of, Int. 54.

Bun Machuine, Bunmahon, Ixiii (538).
Bunmahon, Bun Machuine, Ixiii (538).
Burke, family of, Int. 22.
Burren, Boirinn, 1 (404), Ixxii (639), Ixxiii
(644).

H2

INDEX.

C.

Cacht, Christian name, Int. 61.
Caeimghin, maning of name, Int. 54.
Caemhan, meaning of name, Int. 54.
Caenraighe, 46, 66 ; in Galway, xliii

(332).

, 118; Kenry, lxxvi(671).

Caerthann, son of Fergus, race of, xxxii

(217).

Cahallan, O'Cathalain, Ixxxiii (750).
Cahill, aCathail, of Clare, Ixxix (713).

, of Crumthann, xlv (347).

, O'Cathail, of Tipperary,lxxxix(776).

Cahir, a Christian name, Int. 56.
Cailleach, prefixed to fern, names, Int. 61.
Cailleach-De, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Caille Fothaidh, in Connacht, 46, 62 ; not

determined, xli (311).
Caintigern, a female name, Int. 61.
Cairbre, son of Niall, xxxviii (278).
} in Breifne, the two, 46, 58 ; Carbury,

in Sligo, xxxviii (278).
, in Leinster, 72, 76, 90; Carbury, co.

Kildare, xlviii (379), liv (446).
Baschaoin, Ixxi (616).

Gabhrain, 4, 12, in co. of Longford,

xiii (56).

Ua Ciardha, 88, Iv (448).

Cairneach, Congregation of, 14, xiv (60) ;

notice of, ib.

Caisel na Riogh, 98, Ixi (515).
Caislen Ui Chonaing, Castleconnell, Ixxviii

(695), Ixxxii (742).
Caladh, the, in Ui Maine, 48, 70 ; in co.

Galway, xlv (348).

, , 128; near Limerick, Ixxxii (741).

Callaghan, O'Ceallachain, Ixxiv (657).
Callan, O'Cathalain, Ixxxiii (750).
Callann, in Leinster, 96 ; the King's Biver,

Ix (506).

Calraighe, 4, 12 ; in Westmeath, xi (46).
, in Breifne, 46, 56 ; Calry, in Sligo,

xxxvii (269).

Calry, Calraighe, in Westmeath, xi (46).
. , in Sligo, xxxvii (269).

Calry-an-chala, xi (46).
Cambell, Mac Cathmhaoil, xix (102).
Camphill Mac Cathmhaoil, xix (102).
Caomhanach, Kavanagh, xlvi (363).
Caonraighe, 118; Kenry, in co. Limerick,

Ixxvi (671).
Cape Clear, Ixv (566).
Cara, prefixed to names, Int. 55.
Caradh, plain of, 68 ; na dTuath, Car-

ranadoo, in co. Roscommon, xliv (336).
Carbery, O' Cairbre, Meath family, ix

(32).

Carbery, baiony of, co. Cork, Ixv (565).
Carbury, Cairbre, co. Kildare, xlviii (379),

liv (446).

, co. Sligo, xxxviii (278).

Carey, O'Ciardha, xlviii (379), liv (447).

Cam, castle of, xi (46).

Corn Mughaine, 120; co. Tipperary, Ixxvii

(6*9).

Carpenter, Mac an tsaoir, Int. 26.
Carra, Ceara, in Mayo, xl (300).
Carraic Brachaidhe, 1 6, 26 ; Carricka-

brahy, xviii (97).

Carranadoo, Caradh na dtuath, xliv (336).
Carrickabrahy, Carraic Brachaidhe, in

Inishowen, xviii (97).
Carrickmacross, xxii (126).
Carroll, O' Cearbhaill, of Monaghan, xix

(105).

, of Ossory, lix (490).

, of Sligo, xxxvii (269).

Carty, O'Carthaigh, Ixx (611).

Casey, O' Cathasaigh, v (20).

Cashel, Caisel, Ixi (515) ; kings of, 1 19.

Castlecomcr, an Comar, xlix (388).

Castleconnell, Caislen Ui Chonaing, Ixxviii

(695), Ixxxii (742).

Castlefogarty, Lanigan of, Ixxxvi (779).
Castlejordan, parish of, iii (13).
Castle Mac Auliffe, Ixxiv (660).
Castletown Kindalen, iv (14).
Castletown M'Eniry, or Corca Muicheat,

Ixxv (668).
Cathal, a Christian name, Int. 56,

INDEX.

Cl

Cathaoir, race of, 80, xlix (396) ; province

of, 94, 1 (401).

Caulfield, MacCathmhaoil, xix (102).
Cavellus, MacCathmhaoil. xix (102).
Cayley, O'Caolluidhe, Ix (508).
Ceallachan, of Caisel, lib'.

, son of Domhnall, Ixxiv (657).

Ceara, a Christian name, Int. 61.
Ceara, 46, 60; barony of Carra, xl

(300).
Cearbhall, from whom Claim Cearbhaill,

xlviii (381).

Ceirin, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Cele, prefixed to name, Int. 55.
Cenn Muighe, in Ui Maine, 43, 68, xliv

(342).
Christian names, Irish, Int. 51 ; derived

from qualities, Int. 54; from animals,

Int. 55; Sir K. Cox's statement con-
cerning, Int. 52.
Cian, of Caisel, 20 ; of Crinna, 132, Ixxxiv

(761) ; plain of, 100 ; son of Oilill Glum,

xxxix (281) ; a Christian name, Int. 58.
Cianachta, of Uladh, 16, 20 ; now Keen-

aght, xvi (69).

, of Bregia, v (20).

Ciar, clans of, 112; race of, 115; a quo

Ciarraighe, Ixxiii (647).
Ciaran, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Ciarraighe, in Munster, 112 ; Kerry, Ixxii

(628) ; plain of, 11; descendants of

Ciar, Ixxi (627).
Chuirche, in Munster, Io2; Kerry -

currihy, Ixiv (554).
Maiyhe, in Connacht, 46, 62 ; co.

Roscommon, xli (306).
Citt-ard, in Connacht, 48; unidentified,

xxxiii (226).

Cill Ausaille, Killossy, liv (440).
Cill Celechrist, xiv (59).
Cill Chainnigh, 94 ; Kilkenny, lix (493).
Cill Cuilinn, Kilcullen, liv (440).
Cilldalua, 128 ; Killaloe, Ixxxii (738).
Cill Mochritoc, xiv (59).
Cinel, meaning of, Int. 6.

Cinel Aedha, in Connacht, 46, 66 ; co.

Galw^y, xliii (333).
, in Munster, 102 ; Kinalea, co. Cork,

Ixiv (556).
Cinel Aenghusa, 2, 10 ; in Westmeath, ix

(33).
Cinel Amhalgadha, 18, 36; in co. Down,

xxvii(l75).
Cinel Baith, of Brentir, 124 ; in co. Clare,

lxxix(714).
Cinel rnBece, in Munster, 102; Kinel-

meaky, Ixv (559).
Cinel Binnigh, in Uladh, 16, 24 ; in Tyrone,

three tribes of, xriii (90).
Cinel Cinngamhna, in Connacht, 46, 66 ;

in co. Galway, xliii (331).
Cinel Conaill, tribes of, 1 8, 40 ; chief kings

of, 18, 40; of Tirconnell, xxix (192).
Cinel Criomthainn, in Leinster, 86 ; in E.

Maryborough, lii (424).
Cinel Cuallachta, co. Clare, Ixxx (719).
Cinel Dobhtha, in Connacht, 46, 62 ; in

Koscommon, xl (301) ; or Doohy Hanly,

xli (304).

Cinel Dunghaile, 1 24 ; co. Clare,lxxx (721).
Cinel Eachach, 22; co. Dtrry, xvii (85).
Cinel Enda, in Tir Conaill, 18, 42 ; co.

Donegal, xxxi (206).

, in Meath, 2, 1 0 ; Westmeath, ix (31).

Cinel Eochain, 4, 14.

Cinel Faghartaigh, 18, 36 ; Kinelarty, xxvii

(174).

Cinel Farga, 132; Kinelarga, Ixxxiv (760).
Cinel Fechin,62 ; co. Roscommon, xli (305).
Cinel Feradhaigh, in Uladh, 16, 26; in

Tyrone, xix (102).

Cinel Fiachach, 2, 8 ; Kinelea, in West-
meath, viii (30).
Cinel Flaitheamhain, in Leinster, 90 ; now

unknown, Iv (457).
Cinel Luachain, in Breifne, 46, 56 ; chiefs

of, xxxvii (267).

Cinel Moen, in Uladh, 16, 22, xvii (77).
Cinel Nenna. Sec Cinel Enda.
Cinel Sedna, m Connacht, 46, 11.

Cll

INDEX.

Cinel Tighernaigh, in Uladh, 16, 24.
Cinel Tlamain, 4, 12, xii (49). 0
Civitas Chernach, xv (60).
Cladach, cantred of, 32, xxiii (142).
Claire, heroes of, 122 ; a hill in co. Lime-
rick, Ixxviii (701).

Clanbrassel, Clann Breasail, xxiii (144).
Clanconoo, Clann Conmhaigh, xxxv (246).
Clancy, Mac Flannchadha, xxxvii (268).
Clanelly, Clann Snedhghile, in co. Armagh,

xxx (203).

Clankelly, Clann Ceallaigh, xxii (130).
Clanmalier, Clann Maoilughra, li (419);

Viscount, xlviii (375).
Clann, meaning of, Int. 6.
Clann Aedha, 18, 36 ; undetermined, xxvii

(173).
Clann Awley, a sept of the Maguires, xxiii

(138).
Clann Branain, of Corca Sheachlann, 62,

xl (303). See Mac Branan.
Clann JBreasail, co. Antrim, 18, 36, xxiii
(144); of MacDuilechain, xxvii (177).

, co. Armagh, xxiii (144). See Ui

Breasail.

, in Ui Maine, 48, 70, xM (354).

Clann Caffrey, a sept of the Maguires,

xxiii (138).
Clann Cathail, in Connacht, 44, 50, xxxiv

(238, 240).

Clann Cathmftaoil, in Uladh, 16, 26
Clann Ceallaigh, in Oirtheara, 30 ; Clan-
kelly, xxii (130).

Clann Cearbhaill, of Ossory,76,xlviii (381).
Clann Cearnaigh, in Oirghialla, 18, 32 ;

unknown, xxiv (150).
Clann Cein, of Breifne, 46, 58; in Con-
nacht, xxxix (281).
Clann Ceithernaigh, 62, xli (307).
Clann Cheirin, 46, 62, in Roscommon, xli

(308).

Clann Chionaoith, in Breifne, 46, 54 ; Mun-
terkenny, xxxvii (265).

, 76 ; of Offaly, xlviii (372).

, of Ui Maine, 70, xlvi (353).

Clann Chinnfhaelaidh, in Tir Conaill, 18,

40, xxx (197).

Cfa«nCAMam,inConnacht,54,xxxvi(257).
Clann Coinlegain, 132, Ixxxv (769).
Clann Colgain, 84, li (412).
Clann Conaire, of Kerry, 112, Ixxii (638).
Clann Chonchobhair, 48 ; of Connacht, 44,

52, xxxiii (225), xxxiv (236).

— , of Ui Failghe, 76 ; O'Conor Faley,

xlviii (373).
Clann Conmhaigh, in Connacht, 44, 52 ;

Clanconoo, xxxv (246).
Clann CormaicofUi Maine,48,72, xlvi (356).
Clann Cosgraigh of Connacht, 50, xxxiv

(234), 46, 66, xliii (324).

, of Leinster,90 ; co. Wexford,lvi(467).

Clann Cuain,in Connacht,46,54,xxxvi (257).
Clann Cuanach, 26. See O'Cuanagh.
Clann Daimhin, in Oirghialla, 18, 32,

Devines, xxiv (151).
Clann Dalaiyh in Tirconnell, 18, 40 ; or

the O'Donnells, xxx (196).
Clann Dealbhaoith, 126 ; in CO. Clare, Ixxx

(726).
Clann Diarmada, in Ui Maine, 48, 70,

xlv(351).

— , xxxv (248) See Ui Diarmada.
Clann Donnckadha, 76 ; Dunphy, xlviii

(382). See O'Donnchadha.
Clann Duibhsionnaigh, in Oirghialla, 18,32.
Clann Faghartaigh. See Clann Foghartaigh.
Clann Fearghaile, in Oirghialla, 16, 30 ;

unknown, xxii (135).

— , in Tir Conaill, 10, 44 ; unknown,

xxxii (221).

Clann Fearghusa, of Uladh, 16, 24, 26.
Clann Fearmaighe, in Breifne, 46, 56 ;

Glanfarne in Leitrim, xxxvii (266).
Clann Flaitheamhain, in Ui Maine, 48, 70.
Clann Foghartaigh, in Connacht, 44, 52 ;

undetermined, xxxiv (243).
Clann lonmainen, 132 ; or O'Hegans, Ixxxv

(766).
Clann Maenainh , 132; or O'Doolys, Ixxxv

(767).

INDEX.

cm

Clann Maille, 64 ; or O'Malleys, xli (315).
Clann Maoilruana, in Connacht, 46, 50 ; or

MacDerrnots, xxxiv (235), xxxv (251).
Clann Maoilvghra, in Leinster, 84, Clan-

maliere, li (419).
Clann Murckadha, of Connacht, 44, 52,

xxxv (247).

Clann Murchadhain, 76, xlviii (378).
Clann Murthuile, in Connacht, 44, 52,

xxxiv (244).
Clann Neachtain, of Tir Conaill, 18, 42,

xxxi (204).
Clann Ruadhayain, 32, or O'Rogans, xxiv

(150). See O'Ruadhagain.
Clann Ruainne, 132, Ixxxv (763).
Clann tSealbaigh, in Munster, 106 ; or

O'Donoghues, Ixvii (580).
Clann Sinnill, 126.

Clann Snedhghile, Clanelly, xxx (203).
Clann Taidhy, 62 ; co. Roscommon,xli (309).
Clann Tomaltaigh, in Connacht, 46, 52 ; in

Magh Naoi, xxxv (249).
Clann Uadach, 46, 52; in Roscommon,

xxxv (250), iii (13).
Clanna, na, in Osraighe 74, 78, 96.
Clanna Rudhraighe, palace of, xxvii (181).
Clan william, the barony of, lxxvii(694),

Ixxxii (742).

Claonghlais, 1 16 ; Clonlish, Ixxv (663).
Clar Colgan, 84, li (412).
Clear, harbour of, 104, Ixv (566).
Cleary, CTCleirchin, Ixxvi (674).
Clerkan, O' Cleirchin, Ixxvi (674).
Cliach, region of, 124, 128; kings of, 126 ;

race of Conaire of, 112 ; battle of, Ixxi

(625).

Cliodhna, land of, 104, Ixvi (571).
Clochlobhrais, the rock, Ixiii (542).
Clog-an-edachta, a bell, xix (101).
Clogher, barony of, xix (102).
Cloghinecly, co. Donegal, xxxii (214).
Cloghraareschall, castle of, xi (46).
Clonderlaw, barony of, Ixxi (616).
Clonlish, Claonghlais, Ixxv (663).
Clonlonan, barony of, xi (46).

Clonsasta, in Fidh Gaibhle, li (418).

Closach, the, in Tyrone, xxi (119).

Cluain, the sept of, 128.

Cnocan Ui Bhillraidhe, Watergrass Hill,
Ixxv (666).

CnocRafonn, 120 ; Knockraffon,lxxvi(683).

Cnodhbha, in Meath, 2, 6 ; Knowth, iv (18)

Cobha, Ui Eachach of, 36, xxvi (169).

Cobhflaith, fern. Christian name, Int. 61.

Coca, fern. Christian name, Int. 61.

Coclirand, fern. Christian name, Int. 61.

Codhnach, the, 46, 60 ; a river in Sligo, xl
(294).

Cody, family of, Int. 24 .

Cofley, O' 'Cobhthaigh, Ixvi (570).

Cogan, MacCayadhain, xxxvii (266).

Coill O'yCathosaiyh, in Leinster, 96; in
Ossory, Ix (504).

Coill Uachtorach, in Leinster, 94 ; Upper-
woods, Iviii (487).

Colgan, John, xxv (156). See O' Colgan.
Trias Thaumaturga of, cited, iv (14),
xiv (60), xvi (72), xviii (87), xxiv(154),
xxxii (223) ; error in Acta Sanctorum
of, corrected, iii (13).

Collan, 122; in Clare, Ixxviii (706).

Collins, O'Coilen, Ixxv (665).

Colours, Irish names derived from, Int. 55.

Colam, St. burial place of, 38, xxix (187).

Comar, the, in Meath, 2, 10, x (41).

, in Ossory,78 ;Castlecomer,xlix (388).

Comber, co. Down, xxix (188).

Con, meaning of name, Int. 57.

Conach, 114; the river, Ixxiii (642).

Conaire, race of, 106, 108, 110, 112, Ixviii
(592, 594),lxx (608); of Cliach,lxxi(625).

Conall, a quo Cinel Conaill, xxix (192).

Orison, descendants of, xlii (314).

Conchobhair, meaning of name, Int. 53 ;
king of Connacht, xxxiii (225).

Condons and Clangibbon, barony of, Ixiv
(644).

Conlan, O'Coindealbhain, iv (14).

Conmhach, ancestor of Clann Conmhaigh,
xxxv (24(S).

CIV

INDEX.

Conmaicne, descendants of Conmac, Ixxi

(627).
Conmaicne Cuile, in Connacht, 46, 64 ;

Kilmaine barony, xlii (317).
Duine moir, in Connacht, 64 ; Dun-
more barony, xlii (320).
• Mara, in Connacht, 46, 64 ; Conne-

mara, xlii (318).

Conn, Division of Ireland by, 80,xlix (293).
Connacht, tribes of, 44, 48.
Connell, O'Conaill, xxv (156).
Connello, UiConaill Gabhra, Ixxv (664) ;

Ixxvii (692).

Connemara, Conmaicne mara, xlii (318).
Connery, O'Conaire, Ixxii (638).
Connor, O'Conchobair, xxiv (147).
Conolly, O' Conyhalaigh, iii (10).
Conry, Conroy, Int. 49.
Continent, Irish names preserved on the,

Int. 30.

Conyers, O'Conchobhair, Int. 29.
Coolavin, O'Gara of, xxxix (285).
Coolestown, barony of, li (413).
Cooley, Cuailyne, xxviii (183).
Coonagh, UiCuanach, Ixxxiii (755).
Coradh Finn, 124; Corofin, Ixxix (711).
Corann, in Breifne, 46, 60 ; barony of Cor-

ran, xxxix (288).
Corran, Corann, xxxix (288).
Core, sept of, 122 ; plain of, 90, 1 16 ; seat

of, 98; king of Munstur, Ixi (516).
Modhruadh, son of Fergus, Ixxii

(639).

Corca, meaning of, Int. 6.
Corca Achlann, in Roscommon, xl(303).

See Corca Seachtann.
Corca Adain, xi (48). See Corca Adhamh.
Corca Adhamh, in Meath, 4, 12, xi (48).
Corca Aela, 134, Ixxxvi (780).
Corca Athrach, 98 ; in Tipperary, Ixi (517).
Corca Uaiscinn, in Munster, 11 0 ; co. Clare,

Ixxi (6 16).
Corca Duibhne, in Munster, 1 08 ; Corka-

guiny, Ixviii (594).
Corca Each, in Uladh, 16, xvii (85).

Corca Eachlann, in Connacht, 46, 62 ; in
Koscommon, xl (303).

Corca Firtri, in Sligo, xxxix (286).

Corca Laighdhe, in Munster, 104 ; co Cork,
Ixv (565).

Corcalee, Corcalaiyhdhe, Ixv (565).

Corca Modhruadh, Corcomroe, Ixxii (639).

Corcamoe, Corca Mogha, xxxv (248) ; xli
(312).

Corca Moyha, in Connacht, 46, 64 ; Corca-
moe, xli (312).

Corca Muicheat, 118; Castletown Mac
Eniry, Ixxv (668).

Corca Oiche, 1 1 , Ixxv (669).

Corca Raeidhe, 2, a ; Corkaree, vi (23).

Corcaree, Corca Raeidhe, in Westmeath,
vi (23).

Corca Seachlann, 46, 62 ; co. Roscommon,
xl (301, 303). See Corca Eachlann.

Corca Thine, 134; Corkehenny, Ixxxvi
(774).

Corcar, fern. Christian name, Int. 61.

Corcomroe, Corcumruadh, Ixxi (627) ; ba-
rony of, Ixxii (639); abbey of, Ixxiii
(644).

Corcran, meaning of name, Int. 55.

Corcumruadh, 114; Corcomroe, Ixxii (639).

Corkaguiny, Corca Duibhne, Ixviii (594).

Cormac, meaning of name, Int. 53.

Cormac Cas, race of, 123, 128, Ixxviii (698).

Cormic, O Corbmaic, xxiii (143).

Cormocke MacBarone, xxi (119).

Corry, O'Comhraidhe, xiii (51).

Cosyrach, race of, 50, xxxiv (234).

Cosgrave, O'Cosgraich, xxii (125).

Cotton MS. cited, xiv (60).

Cowry, O Comraidhe, xiii (51).

Craobh Cumhraidhe, 128, Crecora, Ixxxii
(743).

Craobh Ruadh, tribes of, 18, 34, xxv (158)
palace of, xxvii (181).

Creagh, a branch of O'Neills, Ixxxi (727).

Crecora, Craobh Cumhraidhe, Ixxxii (743).

Creeve, castle of, xi (46).

Cregan, O'Criodain, xxi (115).

INDEX.

CV

Creidh, fem. Christian name, Int. 61.
Cremorne, Crich Mughdhorna, xxi (121).
Crich Cathbhuidh, 120; co.Tipperary, Ixxvii

(686).

Crich Cein,\B2 ; Ely O'Carroll, Ixxxv (765).
Crich Mughdhorna, Cremorne, xxi (121).
Crich nan Airthear, Orientales, xxi (122).
Crich na yCedach, 2, 6, iii (13).
Crich na gCenel, in Leinster, 92; in co.

Wexford, lvi(471).
Crich O'mBuidhe, in Leinster, 86; in

Queen's co. liii (429)
Crinna, battle of, Ixxxiv (761).
Croghan, Cruachan, 1 (409), Iv (449).
Croinin, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Crouan, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Crosbie, MacCrossan, Int. 28.
Crossan, or Crosbie, Int. 28.
Crota Cliach, 130; Galtee Mountains,

Ixxxiii (753).

Cruachan, in Connacht, 48, 11, Ixxiii
(650) ; plain of, in Roscommon, xxxiii
(224).

, hill of, 82, 84, 88 ; Croghan, 1 (409),

Iv (449).

Cruffon, Crumhthann, xlv (347).
Crumhthann in Ui Maine, 48, 70 ; Cruffon,

xlv (347).

Crynagedach, where, iii (13).
Cu, the prefix to names, Int. 56.
Cuailgne, 38; Cooley, xxviii (183).
Cualann, in Leinster, 88 ; plain of, 74, xlvii
(365).

, in Munster, 112; in Kerry, Ixxii

(634).

Cuircne, 2, 8 ; Kilkenny West, viii (29).
Cullenagh, barony of, liii (428).
Cumar, the, in Ossory, 74, 78.
Cumara, son of Douihnall, Ixxx (722).
Cumber, various places called, xxix (188).
Cumpar, in Uladh, 38, xxix (188).
Cuolahan,Mac Uallachain,Lnt. 49, xlv(350).
Curry, O Comhraidhe, xiii<51).
Cusnamha, ancestor of MacConsnamha,
xxxvi (265).

D.

Daire Barrack, 86 ; son of Cathnoir Mor,

xlvii (369) ; descendants of, liii (432).
Dal, meaning of, Int. 6.
Dalach, lord of Tirconaill, xxx (196).
Dalaradia, kings of, xxvi (165).
Dal Cairbre Ebha, 118, barony of Coshma,

Ixxvi (673).
Dal gCais, 12 ; descended from Cormac

Cas, Ixxix (708).
Dal Cuirb, of Craobh Ruadh, 18, 36; in

co. Down, xxvii (178).
Dal Druithne, in Ui Maine, 48, 72.
Dal Meadhruaidh, 1 14 ; in co. Clare, Ixxiii

(646).

Dalton's country, viii (30).
Daly. See O'Daly.

Damhnait, fem. Christian name, Int. 61.
Dan-direach, species of metre, Int. 5.
Daoil, the river, 80, xlix (395).
Darfraiyhe, in Breifne, 46, 56 ; Rossclogher
in Leitrim, xxxvii (268).

, in Oirghialla, 16, 30; Dartry, xxii

(132).

Dartry, Dartraighe, co. Leitrim, xxxvii
(268).

, co. Monaghan, xxii (132).

Davis, family of, Int. 24.
Day, ODeayhaidh, Ixii (525).
Deaghaidh, a quo O'Dea, Ixxix (708).
Deagads of Munster, Ixviii (592).
Dealbhna, the, descent of.vii (26); various
territories of, vii (26).
- Beg, 2, 10, ix (34).

Ealhra, 2, 8 ; in King's co. vii (28).

Mor, 2, 8; in Westmeath, vii (26).

Teanmaighe, xii (50).

Western, 4, 12 ; not fixed, xii (50).

Dearbhail, a fem. Christian name, Int. 61 .
Deargan, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Deas-Muimhneach, in Munster, 104.
De Barry, William, Ixix (605).
De Burgo, Irish names assumed by the

family, Int. 21, xxxv (246).
Dechter, fem. Christian name, Int. 61.

CV1

INDEX.

De Courcey, famUy of, Int. 24.

Deece, Deisi, barony of, Ixii (528).

Deegin, O'Duibhginn, Ivi (468).

Deel, Daoil, the river, xlix (395).

Deevy, O'Duibh, lii (424).

Deis Beg, 122; barony of Small County,

Ixxviii (700).
Deisi, the, in Munster, 100 ; descent and

settlement of, Ixii (528).

Teamhrach, Deece, Ixii (528).

De La Freigne, family of, Int. 24.
Delany, O'Dubhshlaine, lix (488)
Delvin, Dealbhna, barony of, vii (26).
Demi-Fore, barony of, ix (34).
Dempsey, O'Diomasaigh, xlviii (375), lii

(419).

Denny, O' Dunadhaiyh, Ixxiii (653).
Derbhforgaill, fern. Christian name,Int.61.
Derg, the river, xxi (114).
Dermot, Diarmaid, Int. 52.
Desertcreaght, battle of, xxvi (163).
Desmond, Deasmuimhneach, 104.
Devany, Mac Duibheamhna, xxvii (175).
Devenny, O' Duibheamhna, xxiv (146)
Devil's Bit Mountain, Sliabh Ailduin, Ixi

(513).

Devine, O'Daimhin, xxiv (151).
Devlin, O'Dobhailen, xxix (286).
Devoy, O'Duibh, lii (424).
D'Exeter, of Gallen, Int. 23.
Dianimh, fern. Christian name, Int. 61.
Diarmaid, meaning of name, Int. 52.
Diarmid, O'Duibhdhiorma, xvi (71).
Dillon, family of, viii (29).
Dlnnrigh, in Leinster, 88; a palace, liii

(434).

Disert Tola, co. Clare, Ixxix (708).
Divan, O'Dubhain, iv (18).
Dobhar, whence Gweedore, xxx (196).
Doe, Tuath Bladhach, xxxi (214).
Doherty, O 'Dochartaigh, xxxi (209).
Domhnall, meaning of name, Int. 54.
Domhnall Caomhanach, xlvi (363).
Donaher, O'Duineachair, lxxvii(687).
Donegal, county of, Tir Conaill, xxix (192).

Donegan, O'Donnagain, xvii (79), Ixxxiii
(752) ; Dr. James, Ixix (605).

Doney, O'Dunadhaigh, Ixxiii (653).

Donnan, meaning of name, Int. 55.

Donnchuan, race of, 1 26, Ixxxi (733).

Donnegan, O'Donnagain, xxxii (219).

Donnellan, O' Domhnallain, xx (113).

Donnelly, O'Donghalaigh, Ixx (614).

Donolan, O' Domhnallain, xlvi (354).

Doody, O'Dubhda, xl (296).

Dooliy Hanly, Cinel Dubhtha, xli (304).

Dooley, O'Dubhlaidh, vii (25).

Dooregan, Ui Riagain, li (411).

Dorcey, Mac Dorchaidh, xxxvii (267).

Dothair, or Dodder, river, xiv (£8).

Dow ling, O'Dunlaing, Iviii (480).

Downes, O'Dubhain, iv (18).

Downpatrick, Dunda/ethghlas, xxi* (186).

Doyne, O'Duinn, Int. 28, xlviii (374).

Drinan, O'Draighnen, Ixxii (639).

Drobhaois, the, 48 ; the Drowes, xxxii (223).

Dromahaire, barony of, xxxvii (265, 266).

Drum, Sailech, 134; in Ikerrin, Ixxxvi
(775).

Duach Teangumha, 50 ; king of Connacht,
xxxiii (232).

Dubh, a prefix to names of men, Int. 56.

Dubhaltach, Dudley, Int. 58.

Dubhan, meaning of name, Int. 55.

Dubhchobhlaith, Duv-Covfla, fern. Chris-
tian name, Int. 61.

Dubhdabhoirenn, Ixvii (583).

Dubhessa, fern. Christian name, Int 62.

Dubhlinn, Dun of, 82, 1 (403).

Dubhthoire, 90 ; Duffry, Ivi (465).

Dublin Penny Journal cited, xvi (67, 73).

Duck, O'Leochain, vi (-21).

Duffry, Dubhthoire, Ivi (465).

Duggan, O'Duibhginn, Ivi (468) ; O'Dubh-
again, Ixiv (M5).

Duhara, Ara, barony of, Ixxxiii (751).

Duinsech, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.

Dulane, Tuilen, church of, xiv (60).

Dun Adhmainn, xxviii (185).

Dunamase, Dun Muse, lii

INDEX.

CV11

Dun Braine, 128, Ixxxii (734).
Duncahy, O'Duinncathaiyh, xxxix (287).
Dung Cats, 1 20 ; co.Tipperary,lxxvii'(690).
Dunchadh, descendants of, xiv (58).
Dun Cuirc, 118 ; or Bruree, Ixxvi (676).
Dun-da-leathylas, 38 ; Downpatrick, xxix

(186).

Dan Durlais, 116; co. Cork, Ixxv (662).
Dun Egan Castle, xi (46).
Dunfhlaith, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Dunleavy, O'Duinnsleibhe, xxv (160).
Dun Manann, in Munster, 102; co. Cork,

Ixiv (546), Ixvii (575).
Dun Masc, in Leinster, 86; Dunamase,

Hi (423).
Dunmor, Conmaicne of, 64; barony of Dun-

more, xlii (320).
Dunn, O'Duinn, of Iregan, xlviii (374),

- , of Westmeath, xiii (54).

Dunphy, O'Donnchadha, vi (22), xlviii

(382), lix (491).

Dunsandle, Lord, descent of, xii (48).
Durack, O'Diubhraic, Ixxxii (734).
Durlais, Dun of, Ixxv (662}.
Divan, O'Dubhain iv (18).
Dwyer, O'Duibhidhir, Ixxxiv (756).
Dysart Gallen, in Queen's co., liii (428).

E.
Eachdruim, 120; Aughrim, co. Tipperary,

Ixxvii (691).

Eamliain, the Navan, xxvii (181).
Eanach, Siol Aedha of, 16, 26 ; in Tyrone,

xviii (99).

Eany, the river, xxx (199).
Eas Aedha, in Tir Conaill, 40 ; at Bally-

shannon, xxix (194).
Eas Ruaidh, in Tir Conaill, 18, 42; at

Ballyshannon, xxx (202).
Edaoin, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Edny, Eidhneach, the river, xxx (202).
Echtge, in Connacht, 68 ; Slieve Aughty,

xliv (334).
Eglish, barony of, vi (24).

Eibhir Finn, 80 ; 1 (398).

Eibhlinn, 126.

Eidhnech, in Ui Maine, 48, 72,

, the Edny, xxx (202).

, 124; thelnagh, Ixxix (715).

Eile, 130 ; territory, Ixxxiv (759).

Southern, 134 ; Eliogarty, Ixxxvi

(777).

Ui Fhogartaigh, Eliogarty, Ixxxvi

(777).

Eimher, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.

Eire, Ireland, 1, i (3).

Eithne, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.

, the river Inney, ix (35).

Elach, race of, Ivii (478).

Elbrigh, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.

Elian race, 133.

Eliogarty, Ixxxiv (759), Eile Ui Fhogh-
artaigh, Ixxxvi, (777).

Ella, the river, 116 ; the Allow, Ixxiv (658).

Elphin, olim Imleach Ona, xl (303).

Ely O'Carroll, Ixxxiv (759).

Emly, seat of the Martine, Ixxviii (705).

Enda, sept of. See Cinel Enda.

English, the, in Ireland, Irish names as-
sumed by, Int. 21.

names assumed By Irish, Int. 25.

Enna, son of Conall Gulban, xxxi (206).

Baghaine, xxx (199).

Finn, ix (31).

Eochaidh, meaning of name, Int. 58.

Baillderg, 134, Ixxxvi (778).

Binnech, xviii (90).

Finn Fothart, Ivii (476).

Liathanach, Ixiv (549).

Muighmheadhoin, xlii (314).

son of Gas, Ixviii (588).

son of Eoghan, xvii (85).

son of Fiachra Cassan, xxiv (150).

of Ui Briuin, 64.

Eoyhan, ten sons of, 20, xvi(68); race of,
20, 26, 120, 124, xv (65).

son of Oilill, 98, Ixii (521).

Eoyhanachs, the, 38 ; or race of Eoghan,
xxix (189).

CV111

INDEX.

Eoyhanacht Aine, 118; in the county of

Limerick, Ixxvi (679).
Aradh, 120 ; or Kilnamanagh, Ixxvii

(684).

Caille-na-manach, Ixxvii (684).

of Caisel, 100, Ixii (523).

— of Crick Cathbuidh, 120, Ixxvii (686).
of Gabhra, 120 ; barony of Connello,

Ixxvii (692).

Indais, 120 ; unknown, Ixxvii (690).

of Loch Lew, 116, Ixxiv (654).

of Marnier, 120.

of Rossaryuid, 120; in co. Tipperary,

Ixxvii (688).
Ui Donnchadha, Ixii (523); Ixxiv

(654) ; Ixix (597).
Erck, O'hEirc, xxi (114).
Eri, fem. Christian name, Int. 62.
Envai, kings 0/112; of Munster, Ixxi (626).
Essa, fem. Christian name, Int. 62.
Euginia, fem. Christian name, Int. 62.
Exchequer, Black Book of, iii (13).

F.

Faly, the fort of, viii (30).

Fanaid, in Tir Conaill, 18,42 ; Fanit, xxxi

(208).

Farbill, Fearabile, v (19).
Farney, Fearnmhagh, xxi (117).
Farran, O'Furadhrain, xxxi (213).
Farren O'Neale, Iviii (478).
Farsett, the river, Ixxiii (642).
Fartullagh, barony of, vii (25).
Fassadinin, barony of, UiDuach, lix (496).
Feara Arda, 114; of Corcumruadh, Ixxii

(640).

Feara Bile, 2, 6 ; Farbill, v (19).
Feara Ceall, 2, 8 ; Fircal, vi (24).
Feara Cualann, in Leinster, 72, 74, 88;

in Wicklow, xlvii (365), liv (439).
Feara Fearnmhaghe, in Oirghialla, 16, 28.
Fearamaiyh, or Fearnmaiyh, 16, 22, xvii

(86).
Feara Monach, in Oirghialla, 18, 32, 34;

Fermanagh, xxiii (141), xxiv (155).

Feara Muiyhc, in Munster, 1 02 ; Fermoy,
Ixiii (544), Ixiv (544).

Feara Rois, in Oirghialla, 1 6, 30 ; in Mo-
naghan, xxii (126).

Feara Tulach, 2, 8; in Westmeath, vii (25).

Fearann Deiscertach, in Leinster, 92, Ivi
(468).

Fearann na gCenel, co. of Wexford, Ivi
(471).

Fearnmaiyh, in Uladh, 16, 28 i Farney, xxi
(117).

Fedilmi, fem. Christian name, ftit. 62.

Feegoille, in Cloonsast, li (418).

Feidhlim, meaning of name, Int. 57.

Feilire of Aengus, cited , vi (2 1 ), xxxiii (227 ).

Feimhin, plain of, 100.

Felix, for Phelim, Int. 29.

Female names, Int. 59.

Fenelon, O'Finnallain, vii (26).

Feoir, the river, 94 ; plain of, lix (496).

Feran O'Kelly, Mayh Druchtain, Hi (426).

Fercuolen, in Leinster, xlvii (365) ; in
Wicklow, liv (439).

Fergus, race of ', 56, 106,112; MacRoigh,
xxxvii (271), Ixvii (587), Ixxi (627)

Fermoy, Feara Muiyhe, Ixiii (544).

Fernigenan, co. Wexford, Ivii (47 1 ).

Fert Moraidh, co. Tipperary, Ixxvii (686).

Fiacha Raoidhe, race of, vi (23).

Suighdhe, race of, Ixii (528).

Fiachra, race of, 60; son of Ere, xxi (114).

a quo Ui Fiachrach, xxxiii (2 28).

Fians of Fail, 84.

Fidhyaibhle, in Leinster, 84 ; Feeguile, li

(418).

Finbil, fem. Christian name, Int 62.
Findath, fem. Christian name, Int. 62.
Findelbh, fem, Christian name, Int. 62.
Fineen, Finghin, Int. 56.
Fine Gall, lords of, 4, 14 ; Fingall, xiii (58).
Fingall, Fine Gall, co. Dublin, xiii (58).
Finghin. meaning of name, Int. 56.
Finn, O'Finn, xxxvii (269).
Finnabhor, fem. Christian name, Int. 62.
Finnchoradh, 124; co. Clare, Ixxix (712).

INDEX.

C1X

Finnghuala, Finola, meaning of name,

Int. 60.

Finni, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Finntraigh, Ventry, Ixix (598).
Finola, Finnghuala, Nuala, Christian

name, Int. 60.

Finscoth, fern Christian name, Int. 62.
Fionnagan, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Fionnan, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Fionnfochla, 2, 6 ; unidentified, iii C12).
Fionnluaraigh, 12, Ixxxi (727).
Fionn Ros, 42 ; the Rosses, xxxi (213).
Fionntraigh,inMunsteT, 108 ; Ventry, Ixix

(598).

Fiort Sceithe, Ardskeagh, Ixix (605).
Fir, meaning of the word, Int. 8.
Firholgs, Mairtine, a tribe of, Ixix (601).
Fircal, in King's co. vi (24).
Fir Tire, in Connacht, 46, 54 ; co. Mayo,

xxxvi (256).

FitzGerald, family of, Int. 23.
FitzHowlyn, or MacQuillin, Int. 23.
FitzPatrick, MacGillapatrick, Int. 49,

xlviii (383), Mii (482).
FitzSimons, family of, Int. 24.
FitzStephen, family of, Int. 24.
FitzUrsula, fabled ancestor of MacMahon,

xx (107).

Flanna, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Flannagan, O' Flannagain, xxii (136).
Flannan, CiUdalua of, 128, Ixxxii (738).
Flesc, the, in Munster, 106; in Kerry,

Ixvii (582).

Florence, or Finghin, Int. 56.
Fochla, the, 112 ; Ibrickan, Ixxi (623).
Fodhla, Ireland, 4, i (2), xlix (392).
Fogarty, O'Fogarta, Ixxxvi (779).
Foley, O'Fodhladha, Ixiii (536).
Form lartharach, co. Cork,lxviii (588).
Forde, MacConsnamha, xxxvi (265).
Forth, Fotharta, barony of, Ivi (469).
Fortuatha of Leinster, 90, Iv (450).
Fosterage, Agnomina, derived from place

of, Int. 17, 18.
Fothadh, race of, 104, Ixvi (573).

Fothart of the Cam, in Leinster, 92 ; Forth ,
Ivi (469).

- O'Nuallain, in Leinster, 92, Mi (476).
Fotharta, descent of, Ivi (469).
Fotharta Fea, Forth, co. Carlow, Ivii (476).
Fox, of Teffia, Int. 9 ; or Shanach, Int.

26, ix (35) ; or O'Caharney, ix (35) ; Sir
Patrick, Int. 28.
Foxhall, Fox of, ix (35).

G.

Gabftra, field of, 118 ; Eoghanacht of, 120.
Gabhran, O'Donnchadha of, 94 ; Gowran,

lix (492).
Gaiol, 92.

Gaffney, O'Caibhdeanaigh, Ix (503).
Gahagan, Mageoghegan, viii (30).
Gahan, O'Gaoithin, Iviii (479).
Gailenga, 2, 8, vi (21).

- Beg, 4, 14 ; in Breagh, xiii (57).
— Mor, Morgallion, vi (21).

Gailine, in Leinster, 86 ; Gallen, liii (428).
Gal, the suffix in names, Int. 55.
Gallen, Gailine, liii (428).

Gaoidhil, the, 82, 1 (400).
Garristown parish, v (20).
Garrycastle, Dealbhna Eathra, barony of,

vii (28).

Garvey, O'Gairbhidh, Ivi (462).
Garvy, O'Gairbhith, xxvi (171).
Gaul, or Mac an Ghaill, Int. 24.
Gaynor, Mac Finnbhairr, xxxviii (274).
Geal, or White, Int. 26.
Geehan, O'Gaoithin, Iviii (479).
Gegan. See Mac Geog/iegan.
Geisill, in Leinster, 84 ; Geshill, li (414).
Gelges, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Gemlorg, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Geoghegan, or Mac Geoghegan, viii (30) ;

John, Int. 13.

Geraghty, Mac Oireachtaigh, xxxiv (245).
Geshill, Geisill, li (414).
Gihon, O'Gaoithin, Iviii (479).
Gilbert, History of Dublin cited, xiv (58).

ex

INDEX.

Gilla, the prefix, Int. 55.
Gillamocholmog, xiv (58).
Gilmore, Mac Gillamuire, xxvi (167).
Giraldus Cambrensis, his Hib. Expug.

cited, v (20) ; topographical notice in,

Mi (471).

Glaisin, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Glanfarne, Clann Fearmaighe, in co. Lei-
trim, xxxvii (266).
Glanunder, now Bally man, xiv (59).
Glanworth, Gleannomhain or Gleann Amh-

nach, Ixiv (548).

Glasan, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Glas Naidhen, Glasnevin xiii (57).
Glasradh, son of Cormac, v (20).
Gleann mJBinne, in Tir Conaill, 18, 42 ; CO.

Donegal, xxxi (207).
Gleandomhain. See Gleannomhain.
Gleann Geimhin, in Keenaght, xvi(69).
Gleannomhain, 102 ; Glanworth, Ixiv (548).
Gleann Omra, 126; Killokennedy, Ixxxi

(732).
Gleann Salchain, 116; county of Cork,

Ixxiv (659).
Gleeson, Ixiv (553).
Glenflesk, in Kerry, Ixvii (582).
Glenomra, Killokennedy, Ixxxi (732).
Glen Umerim, now Ballyman, xiv (59).
Glory, O'Gloiairn, Ix (505).
Gnathat, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Gno-beg, in Connacht, 46, 64 ; co. Galway,

xlii (323).
Gno-mor, in Connacht, 46, 64 ; co. Galway,

xlii (322).

Gobnait, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Gorey, barony of, O'Deaghaidh, Iv (456).
Gorman, meaning of name, Int. 55 ; O'Gor-

mog, xl (298) ; Mac Gormain, liii (433).
Gormlaith, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Gormog, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Gowran, Gabhran, lix (492).
Graine, or Grace, Int. 60.
Grallagh, the, v (-20).
Granard, barony of, Cairbre Gabhrain, xiii

(56).

Graney, the river, Ix (510).
Grathelach, or the Grallagh, v (20).
Grean, or Grian, the river, xliv (337).
Great Third of Connacht, i.e. Hy Many,

xliv (338).
Greenan Ely, Oileach, in Inishowen, xv

(64).

Grenegedah, or Castlejordan, iii (13).
Grian, Aes Grieue of, 120; the river Grean,

xliv (337).
, in Connacht, 68 ; a boundary of Ui

Maine, 48, 68, xliv (342).

, Pallisgrean, Ixxviii (697).

Griffin, O' Griobhtha, Ixxx (718).
Griffy, O' Griobhtha, Ixxx (718).
Guaire, race of, 66 ; Aidhne, xliii (329).
Gunning, O'Conaing, Ixxviii (6 95).
Gus, the termination in names, Int. 55.

H.

Hamill, O'hdghmaill, xviii (92).
Hanafey, O'hAinbheith, v (19), xxiv (154).
Hanlon. See O'Hanlon.
Hanna, Mr., on Battle" of Magh Rath,

xxviii (185).

Hannifey, O'hAinbhith, xxvii (172).
Hanratty, O'hlnnreachtaiyh, xxii (128).
Hanvey, O'hAinbheith, v(19), xxiv (154),

xxvii (172).
Hardiman's lar Connacht cited, xxxiv

(232), xlii (322).
Hare, O'hAichir, Ixxix (716).
Harris' Down cited, xxvii (174).
Hart, O'h Air t, ii (7).
Hartilly, O'hArtghoile, Mi (472).
Hartley, O'hArtghoile, Mi (472).
Hay, O'hAedha, Iv (455).
Heaney. See O'Heaney,
Heffernan, O'hlfearnain, Ixxxiii (749).
Heney, UiEnda, Ixxvi (681).
Heeney, O'hEignigh, xxiii (140).
Henessy, O'hAenghusa, li (412).

, of Meath, iv (16), xiii (57).

, of Queen's co., xlviii (376).

Henrion, O'hlonnradhain, vi (23).

INDEX.

CXI

Heyny, O'hAdhnaidh, xlii (323).

Hodnett, family of, Int. 24.

Hoey, O'hEochadha, ix (33), xxv (161).

Hogan, O'Hogain, xviii (96).

Holy wood, parish of, v (20).

Hosey, O'hEodhusa, xviii (95).

Howell, M'Cathmhaoil, xix (102).

Hugh, the name, Int. 52.

Hughes, O'kAedha, xxx (202), Iv (455).

, of East Meath, iv (17).

, of Westmeath, xiii (52).

Hughey, O'hEochadha, xxv (161).

Hut Deci, 132; O'Banains, Ixxxv (770).

Hussey, O'hEodhusa, xviii (95).

Hy, the prefix, Int. 7. See Ui.

Hy Fiachrach, xcii ; Tribes and Customs
of, cited, xliii (326, 329, 330, 332).

Hy Many, the Great Third of Connacht,
xliv (338) ; Tribes and Customs of,
cited, xxxv (250;, xliv (337).

I.

larann, the river, in Munster, 110, Ixx

(606).

Ibawn, Ui Baghamhna, Ixvi (568).
Ibercon, Ui Berchon, barony of, Ix (507).
Ibrickan, UiBracain, barony of, Ixxi (616,

620).

Ida, barony of, Ix (507).
Hough, Ui Duach, lix (496).
Idrone, Ui Drona, Carlow, xlvii (366),

Ivii (474).

Ifearnain, Muintir, 124, Ixxix (711).
Iffa and Offa East, barony of, May Feimhin,

Ixi (514), Ixii (523).

Iffa and Offa West, Ui Fathaidh, Ixiii (532).
Iffernan, son of Core, Ixxix (711).
Igrine, barony of, Ix (507).
Ikerrin, Ui Cairin, Ixxxv (771).
Ileagh, Ui Lughdhach, Ixxxvi (781).
Imaile, Ui Mail, in Wicklow, xlvii (367).
Imleach Ona, now Elphin, xl (303).
Imokilly, UiMac Caille, Ixiv (551).
Inchiquin, origin of name, Ixxix (711).
Inagh, Eidhneach, the river, Ixxix (715).

Inis Caerach, Mutton Island, Ixxii (640)

Inis Duibhghinn, in Hy Many, xlvi (358).

Inis Fail, 102, Ixiii (540).

Inis Rodhba, xl (295).

Inis Sibtonn, King's Island, Ixxxi (729).

Inney, Eithne, the river, ix (35).

Invers, the two, Ixxi (622).

lochtar-tire, in co. Roscommon, xli (309).

Iregan, Ui Hiagain, li(411).

Ireland, ancient names of tribes and ter-
ritories of, Int. 6.

Ita, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.

Ith, the land of, 104, co. Cork, Ixvii (579).

Ivahagh, Ut Eachach, Ixviii (588).

Iveagh, UiEathach, lords of, xxvi (169),
xxvii (173).

Iveragh territory of, Ixviii (594), Ui
Rathacfi, Ixix (599).

Iverk, Ui Eire, xlix (389), Ix (510).

Iveruss, Ui Rossa, Ixxvi (670).

Ivory, St., enemy of rats, Ivii (471).

J.

Jennings or Mac Shoneen, Int. 22.
Jones, Ap Johns, Int. 51.
Jordan, family of, Int. 23.
Justin, Saerbrethach, Int. 56.

K.

Kara-nag]), Caomhanach, Int. 18, xlvi (363) ;
surname of Mac Murrough, 1 (405) ;
family of, on the Continent, Int. 36.

Kealy, O'Cadhla, Ixxxii (739).

Kean, O'Cdn, Ixiii (537).

Keary, O'Ciardha, xlviii (379), liv (447).

Keefe, O'Caoimh, Ixiv (547).

Keely, O'Cadhla, xlii (319).

Keenaght, Cianachta, xvi (69).

Keevan, O'Caomhain, xxi (118).

Kelly, O' Caollaidhe, liii (43 1 ), Ixxvii (685) ;
Denis, of Feranokelly, liii (426).
— O'Caottuidhe, in the county of Kil-
kenny, Ix (508).

Kenaliaghe, Cinel Fiachach, viii (30).

Kenny, O'Coinne, of Down, xxvi (170).

O'Cionaoith, of Hy-Many, xlvi (353).

CX11

INDEX.

Kenny, Claim Chiouauith, of Offaly, xlviii

(372).

O'Cionaith, of Tyrone, xviii (89).

Kenry, Caonraighe, Ixxvi (671).
Keogh, MacEochaidh, Int. 49.

, of Magh Finn, xlvi (360).

, of Ui Faolain, xlvii (368X

- — , Mag Ceoch, Ixxxiii (746).

, Rev. John, Ixxxiii (746).

, Country of, in Moy Finn, xlvi (360).

Kernaghan, O' Cearnachain, xxxii (215).
Kernan, MacTighernain, xxxvi (263).
Kerrin, O'Ceirin, xli (308).
Kerry, Ciariaiyhe, Ixxii (628).
Kerrycurrihy, Ciarraiyhe Chuirche, barony

of, Ixiv (554).

Kerwick, O'Ciannhaic, Ixxvi (^680.)
Keveny, O' ' Caibhdeanaiyh, Lx (503).
Kilconnell, Caladh, barony of, xlv (348).
Kilcoursey, barony of, ix (35).
Kilfenora, Corcumruadh, Ixxii (639).
Kilfinaghty, parish of, Ixxxi (729).
Kilkeevin, ancient name of, xli (306).
Kilkelly, Int. 49; Mac GillaCeallaigh,

xliii (328).

Kilkenny, Gill Chainniyh, lix (493).
Kilkenny West, barony of, viii (29).
Killabban, church of, liii (429).
Killard, only one in Ireland, xxxiii (226).
Killarney, Loch Lein, Ixxiv (654).
Killokennedy, Gleann Omra, Ixxxi (732).
Killyan, barony of, xlv (347).
Killykelly, Mac GillaCeallaigh, xliii (328).
Kilmacduagh, diocese of, Aidhne, xliii (326).
Kilmaine, barony of, Conmaicne Guile

Tuladh, xlii (317).
Kilmaley, parish of, Ixxix (716).
Kilnamanach, Cill-na-manach, xiv (59).
Eoghanacht Caille-na-manach, Ixxvii

(684).

Kilronan, co. Koscommon, xxxvi (255).
Kilteevoge, parish of, xxxi (207}.
Kilteile, territory of, Iviii (478).
Kindellan, O' Coindealbhain, iv (14).
Kinealy, O' Cinnfhaelaidh , Ixxvii (693).

Kinelarga, Cinel Fart/a, Ixxxiv (760).
Kinelarty, Cinel Fayhartaiyh, xxvii (174).
Kinelea, Cinel Aedha, Ixiv (556), Ixxiv

(657).
Kinelmeaky, barony of, Cinel mBece, Ixv

(559).

King's River, Callann, Ix (506).
King, MacConroi, xlii (322).
Kingston, Ballymaconry, xlii (322).
Kirby, O'Ciarmhaic, Ixxvi (680).
Kirnegedach, Castlejordan, iii (13).
Knockany, in Eoijhanacht Aine, Ixxvi

(679).

Knockmea, Meadh Siuil, xliv (340).
Knockninny, barony of, xxiii (138).
Knockpatrick, bell of St. Patrick at, Ixxii

(637).

Knockraffon, Ixxvi (683).
Knowth, Cnodhbha, iv (18).
Korkehenny, Corca Thine, Ixxxvi (774).
Kyley, O'Caella, Ixxvii (685).

L.

Lachtnan, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Laeghaire, 2, 6 ; in Meath, iv (14).
— , in Oirghialla, 16. See Ui Laeyhaire.
Lagan, the, in Leinster, 92, Iviii (481).

, in co. Donegal, xviii (87).

Lagisia, Leix, lii (421).

Laisirf hina, Christian name, Int. 60.

Lally, or O'Mullally, Int. 49; O'Maola-

laidh, xliv (344).

Lalor, O'Leathlabhra, xxvi (165).
Lamb, O'Luairt, Ixxviii (702).
Lane, O'Laoghain, Ixxii (63 1 ).
Langan, O'Longain, xxiv (145).
Lann, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Lann Ronain Finn, xxviii (J84).
Laoi, in Munster, 106 ; the river Lee, Ixvii

(584).
Laoigliis, in Leinster, 84, 86, lii (421);

seven divisions of, lii (422).
Reata, in Leinster, 86 ; in Leix, lii

(422).
Largan, O'Lairynen, xx (109).

INDEX.

CX111

Larkin, O'Lurcain, xxiv (148), Ivi (470).

Lassair, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.

.Lassair-fhina, Christian name, Int. 62.

Lathach, the, in Ui Maine, 72, xlvi (357).

Lathach Caichtubil, near Athlone, xlvi
(357).

Lavery, O'Labhradha, xxvi (164), xxviii
(185).

Lawlers, of Dysartenos, xxvi (165).

Lawlor, OLeathlabhra, xxvi (165).

Lea, Leghe, castle of, lii (420).

Leabhar na-g-Ceart cited, vi (24), ix (34).

Leap Castle, Leim Ui Bhanain, Ixxxv
(770).

Leath Chuinn, 38, northern half of Ire-
land, xxvii (179).

Leath Mogha, 80, southern half of Ire-
land, xlix (396).

Leclogha, in Munster, 102, Ixiii (542).

Lee Oilella, 132, Ixxxv (762).

Lee Reda, in Leix, lii (422).

Lee, O'Laodhog, xlv (348).

Lee, the river, Sablirann, 1 (402).

Leghe, cantred of, 84 ; Lea, in West
Offaly, lii (420).

Leigh, MacLaighid, Int. 28.

Leim Ui Bhanain, Leap Castle, Ixxxv
(770).

Leinster, province of, 72, 74 ; lord of, 82 ;
plain of, 1 (408).

Leitrim, Liathdruim, Ixiii (543).

Leix, Laoighis, lii (421).

Leonard, Mac Gilla-finnen, xxiii (137).

Lerthan, fem. Christian name, Int. 62.

L'Estrange, Mac Con-cogry, Int. 26.

Ley castle, lii (420).

Leyny, Luighne, xxxix (280).

Liathan, meaning of name, Int. 55.

Liathdruim, 94 ; Tara, Iviii (485).

, 102; Leitrim, in Waterford, Ixiii

(543).

Lift, the river, in Leinster, 88 ; plain of,
liv (440).

Lifley, the river, liv (440).

Ligach, fem. Christian name, Int. 62.

Limerick, Luimtieach, 1 (399).
Limestone of Kilkenny, lix (493).
Linchy, O'Loingsigh, xxvi (166).
Lindsay, O'Flainn, xx (112).
Lismore, Viscount, Ixv (557), Ixxiv (657).
Lithan, fem. Christian name, Int. 62.
Littus Ly, Tralee, Ixxii (636).
Livingston, O'Duinnsleibhe, xxv (160).
Loane, O'Luain, Ixxviii (702).
Loch Drochaid, Cinel Binnigh of, 16, 24.
Loch Gealyosa, in Connacht, 46, 64 ; xli

(313).
Loch Lein, in Munster, 106 ; in Kerry,

116; Killarney, Ixxiv (654); O'Do-

noghue of, Ixvii (581).
Loch Lir, Ui Laeghaire of, 30, xxii (133).
Loftus, O'Lachtnain, x (38).
Loiguire Breg, iv (14).

Midi, iv(14).

Long, O'Longain, xxiv (145).

Longford, barony of, xlv (350).

Lore, tribe of, 122 ; of the Lamp, Ixxviii

(699).

Lorcan of the Lamp, Ixxviii (699).
Lorrha, herenachs of, xii (50).
Loughan, O'Leochain, vi (21).
Lough Lua, Ixvii (584).
Loughnan, O'Lachtnain, x (38).
Lua, in Munster, 106; Loughlua, Ixvi

(584).
Luachair, 116, Ixxv (663); plain of, 114,

Ixxiii (652).

, Old, 114, Ixxiii (651).

Luanmaisi, fem. Christian name, Int. 62.
Lughaidk, race of, 104, Ixv (563), Ixvii

(578).

Luibhne, Lune, iv (15).
Luighne, in Meath, 2, 6; Lune, iv (15).
in Breifne, 46, 58 ; Leyny, in co.

Sligo, xxxix (280, 284).
Luimneach, the river, 80; Limerick, 1

(399).

Lune, barony of, Luighne, iv (15).
Lurg, in Oirghialla, 30 ; in Fermanagh,

xxii (134).

I

CX1V

INDEX.

Lusmagh, parish of, vii (28), xliv (339).

Lye, Mac Laighid, Int. 28.

Lyn, O'Floinn, xx (112).

Lynch, Mac Loinyseachain, xxxi (207).

, Muinter Loinysiyh, Ixxxiii (747).

— , O'Loingsigh, xxvi (166).
, Cambrensis E versus of, cited, Int. 2,

M.

Mac, meaning of, Int. 12 ; or O, essential
to a surname, Int. 63 ; rendered by ter-
minal ides, Int. 12; popular errors re-
garding, Int. 13-16; rarely interchanged
with O, Int. 50, 51 ; added to O, Int.
11.

Mac Adam, Int. 24.

Mac Aedhagain, Mac Egan, xlv (351).

Mac Aenghusa, 18, 36 ; Magennis, xxvii
(173).

Mac Amhlaoibh, 116; Mac Auliffe, Ixxiv
(660).

Mac an Bhaird, in Ui Maine, 48.

Mac Andrew, Int. 22.

Mac-an-Gabhan, Smith, Int. 26.

Mac-an-Ghaill, Stapleton, Int. 24.

Mac-an-tsaoir, Mac Intyre, Carpenter,
Int. 26.

Mac Aodha,46,G6 ; Mac Hugh, xliii (324).

Mac Artan, of Cinel Faghartaigh, 18, 36 ;
Mac Cartan, xxvii (174).

Macassey, O'Macasa, Ixxvi (669).

Mac Auliffe, Mac Amhlaoibh, Ixxiv (660).

Mac Aveely, Staunton, Int. 22.

Mac Awley, of Fermanagh, xi (46).

Mac Bloscaidh, Mac Closkey, Int. 12.

Mac Brain, 74, 76, xlviii (385).

Mac Branain, 46, 62, xl (303).

Mac Braoin, of the Clanns, 96 ; Breen,
xlviii (385), lix (498).

Mac Cagadhain, 46, 56 ; Mac Cogan, Cogan,
xxxvii (266).

Mac Cann, of Clanbrasil, xxiii (144).

Mac Carhon, Mac Cargamhna, xi (47).

Mac Carry hamhna, 12; MacCarron,xi(47).

Mac Carron, Mac Carrghamhna, xi (47).
Mac Carroon, Mac Carryamhna, xi (47).
Mac Carthaigh, of Caiseal, 98 ; Mac Car-

thy, Ixii (522) ; origin of name, Int. 9 ;

family of, Int. 15 ; branches of, Int. 20.
Mac Carthy, Mac Carthaigh, Ixii (522).
Mac Cathmhaoil, Mac Cawell, xix (102).
Mac Cawell, Mac Cathmhaoil, xix (102).
Mac Ceithearnaigh, 62, xli (307). See

O' Ceithearnaigh.

Mac Ceoch, 130 ; Keogh, Ixxxiii (746).
Mac Cionaoith, 18, 32; Mac Kenna, xxiii

(142).
Mac Clancy, Mac Flannchadha, xxxvii

(268).

Mac Closkey. See Mac Bloscaidh.
May Cochlainn, 2, 8, vii (28).
Mac Cogan, Mac Cagadhain, xxxvii (266).
Mac Colgan, xxv (156). See O'Colgan.
Mac Con-cogry, L'Estrange, Int. 26.
Mac Confiacla, 2, 10. See O' Confiacla.
Mac Conmara, 126 ; Mac Namara, Ixxx

(722).
Mac Conmeadha, 2, 10 ; Mac Namee, xi

(43).

Mac Connell-og, Int. 12.
Mac Conroi, 46, 64 ; King, xlii (322).
Mac Consnamha, 46, 54; Mac Kinnawe,

xxxvi (265).

Mac Conway, Rev. Christopher, Int. 29.
Mac Coolechan, Mac Duilechain, xxvii

(177).

Mag Corcrain, 132, Ixxxv (763).
Mac Costello, Int. 23.
Mac Crossan, Crosbie, Int. 28.
Mac Cuinn, x (36). See O'Cuinn.
Mac Damore, Int. 24.
Mac David, Int. 22; De Burgo, xxxv

(246).
Mac Dermot, family of, Int. 20 ; of Moy-

lurg, xl (300); of Sil Muireadhaigh,

xxxiii (231); or Clann Maoilruana,

xxxiv (235), xxxv (251). See Diarmid.
MacDevitt, Int. 12.
Mac Diarmada, of Magh Luirg, 46, 54.

INDEX.

CXV

Mac Domhnaill, of Clann Ceallaigh, 30 ;

in Fermanagh, xxii (129).
Mac Donnell, Mac Domhnaill, of Ferman-
agh, xxii (129).

Mac Donough,of Sil Murry, xxxiii (231).
Mac Dorchaidh, 46, 56 ; Dorcey, xxxvii

(267).
Mac Dubhain, 18, 42 ; Mac Guane, xxxi

(205).
Mac Duibheamhna, 18, 36 ; Devany, xxvii

(175).
Mac Duilechain, 18, 36 ; Mac Coolechain,

xxvii (177).
Mac Duinnchuain, 16, 22 ; unidentified,

xvii (81).
Mac Duinnsleibhe, Dunlevy, xxv (160).

See O' Duinnsleibhe.

Mac Egan, Int . 9 ; Mac Aedhagain, xlv (351).
MacEidedhain^S^O. See MacEitteagain.
Mac Eitteaaain, 48, 70 ; Mac Egan, xlv

(351).

Mac Eniry, Mac Innerigh, Ixxv (667, 668).
Mac Eoch, 46, 60 ; Mageogh, xxxix (290).
Mac Eochagain, 2, 8, viii (30) ; country

of, viii (30).

Mac Eochaidh, Keogh, Int. 49, xlvii (368).
Mac Eochy, Int. 9.
Mac Eoin, Bissett, Int. 24.
Mac Falrene, Wesley, Int. 24.
Mac Feoris, Bermingham, Int. 22.
Mac Fiachra, 46.

Mac Fiachrach, 16. See O' Fiachra.
Mac Finnbhairr, 46, 56 ; Maginver, Gay-

nor, xxxviii (274).
Mac Firbis, Genealogical MS- of, cited, v

(20), vi (23).
Mac Flannchadha, 46, 56 ; Mac Clancy,

Clancy, xxxvii (268).
Mac Gaibhidh, 44, xxxii (219). See Mac

Gaiblin.

Mac Gaiblin, 18, 44. See Mac Gaibhidh.
Mac Geoghegan, viii (30) ; the Abbe, xxxii

(217).

Mac Geraghty, Mac Oireachtaigh, xxxiv
(245).

Mac Gibbon, Int. 22, 23.

Mac Gilfoyle, Mac Gilla Phoil, Ixxxv

(769).
Mac Gilla- Ceallaigh, 66 ; Killykelly, Kil-

kelly, xliii (328).

Mac Gilla Finnayain, 48, 70, xlv (352).
Mac Gillafinnen, 18, 30; Leonard, xxiii

(137).

Mac Gillamichil, 18, 30.
Mac Gillamocholmog, 4, 14, 88 ; of Fin-
gall, xiii (58); of Ui Dunchadha, liv
(438).

Mac Gillamuire, Gilmore, xxvi (167).
Mac Gillapatrick, Int. 9, 21.
Mac Gillapliatraic, 74, 76, 94 ; Fitzpatrick,

xlviii (383) ; Iviii (482).
Mac Gillaphoil, 132; Macgilfoyle, Ixxxv

(769).

Mac Gillaseachlainn, 4, 12, xiii (55).
Mac Gillatsamhais, 18, 42 ; Mac Iltavish,

xxxi (210).
Mac 6ronwaz'n,72,74 ; Gorman, xlvii (369),

liii (433), Ixxi (620).
Mac Govern, Mac Samhradhain, xxxvi

(264).

Mac Guane, Mac Dubhain, xxxi (205).
Macha, 38, 40 ; for Ardmacha, xxxii (222) ;
hosts of, 114, Ixxiii (646) ; land of, 134 ;
Ui Breasail of, 18, 32, xxiii (144) ; Ui
Meith of, 30, xxii (127).
Machaire Chonnacht, in Roscommon,

xxxiii (224).

Mac Hugh, Mac Aodha, xliii (324).
Machuin, in Munster, 100 ; the river Ma-

hon, Ixiii (538).
Mac-I-, prefixed, Int. 11.
Mac Iltavish, Mac Gilla tSamfiais, xxxi

(210).
Mac Innerigh, 118 ; Mac Eniry, Ixxv (667,

Mac Kenna, Mac Cionaith, xxiii (142).
Mac Keogh, of.Magh Finn, xlvi (360);

Mac Ceoch, Ixxxiii (746).
Mac Kernan, Mac Tighernain, xxxvi (263).
Mac Killy, Cock, Int. 29.

I 2

CXV1

INDEX.

MacKinnawe,

Mac Lachlainn, 16, 20; Mac Loughlin,

xvi (<>6, 67).

Mac Laighid, Leigh, Int. 28.
Mac Loingseacliain, 18, 42; Lynch, xxxi

(207>.

Mac Longachain, 130, Ixxxiii (754).
Mac Loughlin, corruption of O'Maoil-

seachlainn, ii (6).

Mac Mahon, Mac Mathghamhna, xx (107).
Mac Manus, Int. 12.
Mac Maoiliosa, 46, 56, xxxviii (273).
Mac Maonaigh, 46, 60 ; Mac Meeny, xxxix

(291).
Mac Mathghamhna, 16, 28; Mac Mahon,

xx (107).

Mac Maurice, Prendergast, Int. 23.
Mac Meeny, Mac Maonaigh, xxxix (291).
Mac Morish's Country, Iviii (478).
Mac Murchadha, of Ulster, 16, 22 ; Mac

Morrow, xvii (80).
, of Leinster, 72, 74, 82; Mac Mur-

rough, xlvi (363), 1 (405).
, of Clann Tomaltaigh,inConna,cht, 44,

52, xxxv (249).

Mac Murrough, Int. 9, 20 ; Mac Mur-
chadha, xlvi (363), 1 (405).
Mac Namara, Int. 9, 20 ; Mac Conmara,

lxxx(722), lxxxi(731).
Mac Namee, Mac Conmeadha, xi (43).
Mac Odo, family of, Int. 24.
Mac Oirechtaigh, 44, 52 ; Geraghty, xxxiv

(245).

Mac Paddin, Barrett, Int. 23.
Mac Paul, xviii (97).
Mac Philbin, family of, Int. 22.
Mac Quillan, extraction of, Int. 23.
Mac Raghnaill, 46,56 ; Magrannell, xxxviii

(275).

Mac Raymond, Int. 22.
Mac Riabhaigh, 46, 60 ; Magreevy, xxxix

(292),

Mac Rickie, family of, Int. 24.
Mac Robert, Int. 22.
Mac Rory, Mac Ruatdhri, xvii (82).

Mac Ruaidhri, 16, 22 ; Mac Rory, iii (12;,

xvii (82).

Mac Ruairc, 2, 10, ix (31).
Mac Ruddery, Fitzsimons, Int. 24.
Mac Samhradhain, 46, 54 ; Magauran,

xxxvi.(264).

Mac Sgaithghil, 46, 64 ; Scahill, xli (312).
Mac Sherry, family of, Int. 24.
Mac Shoneen, family of, Int. 22.
Mac Sleiinhne, Int. 24.
Mac Sliny, family of. Int. 24.
Mac Speallain, Spencer, Int. 26.
Mac Spollane, Spencer, Int. 29.
Mac Sweeny, Fanaid, xxxi (208), xxxii

(220).
Mac Taidhg, 2, 12 ; Mac Teige, Montague,

xi (45).

Mac Thomaisin, Fitzgerald, Int. 23.
Mac Tiyhearnain, of Clann Fearghaile, 16,

18, 30, 44 ; unidentified, xxii (135), xxxii

(221).
, of Teallach Dunchadha, 46, 54 ; Mac

Kernan, co. Cavan, xxxvi (263).
Mac Tomin, Int. 22.
Macu, meaning of, Int. 6.
Mac Uallachain, Cuolahan, Int. 49, xlv

(350).

Mac Ugelin, Mac Quillan, Int. 23.
Mac Uidhir, 18, 28, 34; Maguire,xx (108),

xxiv (155).

Mac Vaddock, family of, Int. 24.
Mac Walter; family of, Int. 22.
Mac Ward, xlv (346).
Mac Wattin, Barrett, Int. 22.
Mac William, family of, Int. 21.
Maddock, family of, Int. 24.
Mael, the prefix, meanings of, Int. 55.
Maeldearg, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Maelmaiden, fern. Christian name, Int.

62.

Maelmordha, meaning of name, Int. 58.
Mael Patrick, Christian name, Int. 59.
Maelseachlarm, meaning of, ii (6).
Maeltsinna, xi (47).
Maenmhayh, in Ui Maine, 48, 68, 72.

INDEX.

CXV11

Magauran, Mac Samhradhain, xxxvi (264).
Magawley, xi (46).
Magee, Mac Aedha, xi (44).
Magennis, Mac Aenghusa, xxvii (173).
Mageoghegan's Country, viii (30) ; Con-

nell Mageoghegan, viii (30).
Mageraghty, Mac Oireachtaiyh, xxxiii

(231).

Magettigen, O'hEiiiyein, xviii (93).
Magh Adhair, 126 ; CO. Clare, Ixxx

(723).

Magh Airbh, in Leinster, 96 ; co. Kil-
kenny, Ix (502).
Magh Aoife, in Leinster, 84; in East

Offaly, li (417).
Magh Breacraighe, 46, 56 ; in Westmeath,

xxxviii (273).

Magh Comair, Muckamore, xxix (188).
Magh-da-chon, 92 ; Moyacomb, Ivii (477).
Magh Druchtain, in Leinster, 86 ; Ferau-

okelly, lii (426).

Magheraboy, barony of, xxii (136).
Magheracregan, derivation of name, xxi

(115).

Magheradernon, barony of, xii (48).
Magheralin, St. Konan's church of, xxviii

(184).

Magherally, parish of, xxvii (175).
Magh Feimhin, in Leinster, 96.
, in Munster, 100 ; Iffa and Oflfa East,

lxi(514), lxii(523).
Magh Finn, in Ui Maine, 48, 72 ; in the

barony of Athlone, xlvi (360, 362).
Magh lotha, in Uladh, 16, 22 ; the Lagan,

xviii (87).

Magh Lacha, in Leinster, 96; co. Kil-
kenny, Ix (500).
Magh Leamhna, of Oirghialla, 16, 28;

in Tyrone, xxi (119).
Magh Life, liv (440).
Magh Luirg, in Connacht, 46, 54, 60 ; in

Roscommon, xxxv (252), xxxix (289).
Magh Mail, in Leinster, 94.
Magh Naoi, or Machaire Chonnaeht, xxxiii

(224).

Magh Neisi, 46, 58; in Leitrim, xxxviii

(276).

Magh Nisi. See Magh Neisi.
Magh O'yCoinchinn, in Munster, 108;

Magunihy, Ixviii (597).
Magh Rath, 38; Moira, xxviii (184); Battle

of, x (40), xxiii (137), xxviii (18S).
Magh Sedna, in Leinster, 96 ; in Upper

Ossory, Ix (499).
Magh Seiridh, in Tir Conaill, 18, 42, xxx

(201).

Maginver, Mac Fionnbhair, xxxviii (274).
Magrannell, Mac Raghnaitt, xxxviii (275).
Magreevy, Mac Biabhaigh, xxxix (292).
Mague, the river; Maigh, Ixxvi (677).
Maguire, Mac Uidhir, xx (108), xxiv

(155).
Magunihy, Magh O'gCoinchinn ; co. Kerry,

Ixii (523), Ixviii (594, 597); formerly

Onaght Idonoghue, Ixxiv (654).
Maher, O'Meachair, Ixxxv (771).
Mahon; Malhyhamhain, Int. 52.

O'Mathghamhna,ofDovfn, xxvi (168).

the river, Machuin, Ixiii (538).

Mahony, O ' Mathghamhna, Ixv (562).
Maicniadh, race of, 114 ; land of, i.e. Mun-
ster, 126, Ixxxi (730).
Maidoc, or Mogue, anglicised Moses and

Aidan, Int. 57.
Maigh, 118; the river Maigue, Ixxvi

(677).
Maine, son of Niall, descendants of, ix

(35), xii (48).
Maing, in Munster, 108 ; the river Mang,

Ixviii (590).
Maini. See Vi Maine.
Mairtine, in Munster, 108; a Firbolgic

tribe, Ixix (601),
Maistin, in Leinster, 88; Mullaghmast,

. liii (435).

Malone, O'Maoilbhloghain, Ixx (610).
Manainn, in Munster, 104 ; plain of, Ixvii

(575).
Mauannans, a name of the O'Malleys, xlii

(316).

CXV111

INDEX.

Mangan, James Clarence, lines of, cited,

Int. 30.

Manus, the name, Int. 57.
Maolcluiche, meaning of, xxxviii (279).
Maolruana, son of Tadhg-an-eich-gil,

xxxiv (235).
Maonmhayh, in Connacht, 68, 96, 126 ;

Moinmoy, xliv (335, 342); xlv (345),

Map, or Ap, a Welsh term, Int. 12.

Marline, Firbolgic tribe, Ixxviii (705).

Masc, son of Augen, lii (423).

Mathgamhain, Mahon, Int. 52.

Maw, the, vii (28).

Maxey, O'Macasa, Ixxvi (669).

Mead/ia, hill of, 68.

Meadhbh, Meave, Int. 60, Ixxi (627).

Meadh Siuil, Knockmea, xliv (340).

Meagher, O'Meachair, Ixxxv (771).

Meath, chiefs of, 2-15.

Meave, Meadhbh, the name, Int. 60.

Meeting of the Three Waters, Iviii (484).

Meldon, G'Maoilduin, xxii (134).

Mellan, O'Meallain, xix (101).

Mergin, O'Aimiryin, xlviii (377), li

(416).

Midhasa, 134.
Midhe, Meath, lords of, 2-14 ; plain of,

102.

Millan, O'Meallain, xix (101).
Misi, form in subscriptions, Int. 16.
Modharain, Teallach, in East Meath, vi

(22).

Modkarn Bey, 18, 34, xxiv (153).
Modharn Bregh. See Modharn Bey.
Moen, race of. See Cinel Moain.
Moghan, O'Mathyhamhna, xxvi (168).
Mogh Kuith, the Druid, Ixiv (545).
Mogowna castle, Ixxx (7 1 9).
Moinmoy, Maonmhayh, xliv (335), Ixi

(512).

Moira, Mayh Rath, xxviii (184).
Molloy. Sec O'Mulloy.
Monach, 32; or Fermanagh, xxiii (141).
Moncha, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.

Mongfinn, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Monknewtown, parish of, iv ( 1 8).
Montague, Mac Taidhy, xi (45).
Montergalgan, in Longford, x (36) ; Mu-

inter Gillagain, xxxviii (272).
Mooney, O'Maonaiyh, xxxiv (244).
Moore, O'Murdha, lii (422).
Mor, or Martha, Int. 60.
Morachain, O* Murchadhain, xlviii (37&).
Moran, O'Murchadhain, xlviii (378), li

(417).

, O'Mughroin, xxxiv (241).

, of Crumthann, xjv (347).

Morgallion, Gailenya Mor, vi (21).
Morgan, O'Muireagain, x (39).
Moriarty, O'Muircheartaigh, Ixviii (590).
Morrin, O'Murchadhain, xlviii (378), li

(417).
Moryson, Fynes, Rebellion of, cited, xvi

(73).

Moses, for Maidoc, Int. 57.
Mountain of Three Rivers, i.e. Slieve

Bloom, lix (489).
Mourne, mountains of, Beanna Boirche,

xxviii (182).

Moyacomb, Magh-da-chon, Ivii (477).
Moyarta, barony of, Ixxi (616).
Moy Brey, O'Kelly of, ii (9).
Maycashel, barony of, viii (30).
Moycullen, barony of, xlii (322, 323).
Moydrum, in Tipperary, Ixxxvi (775).

, in Westmeath, xi (46),

Moyfenrath, barony of, iv (16), vi (22).
Moygoish, Vi mac Uais, barony of, xiii

(51), xxxviii (273).
Muaidh, the river, 102 ; in the county of

Cork, Ixv (561).

Muckamore, Mayh Comair, xxix (188).
Mugdornorum Regio, Crick Muyhdorn,

Cremourne, xxi (121).
Mughdhorn, in AirghiaUa, 16, 28, xxi(121).
Muglidhorn Dubh, race of, xxi (121).
Muintir, meaning of term, Int. 6.
Muintir Bhuin\ 104 ; Muntervary, Ixvi
(572).

INDEX.

CX1X

Muintir Birn, in Uladh, 1 6, 22 ; in Tyrone,

xvii (84).
, in Roscommon, 62, xl (302). See

O'Beirne.
Muintir Ceallaiyh, 22; or O'Kelly, xvii

(85). See O'Ceallaigh.
Muintir Cearbhaill, 130 ; O'Carroll, Ixxxiv

(757).

Muintir Chearbhallain, xxxviii (276).
Muintir Cionaoith, Munter Kenny, xxxvii

(265), xlvi (353).
Muintir Connlochlaigh, 124 ; co. Clare, Ixxx

(719).

Muintir Dalachain. See O^Dalachain.
Muintir Diocholla, 114.
Muintir Diubhraic, 128; Durack, Ixxxii

(734).
Muintir Domhnaill, 110; O'Donnell, Ixxi

(617).
Muintir Duibhidhir, 130; O'Dwyer, Ixxxiv

jjrwi). t

Muintir Eolais, in Breifne, 46, 56 ; CO.

Leitrim, xxxviii (276).
Muintir Feryhail,in Breifne, 46, 58 ; O'Fer-

rall, xxxviii (277).
Muintir Feodachain. Soe Muintir Pheoda-

chain.
Muintir Fiodkbhuidhe, in Leinster, 86 ; un-

identified, Hi (425).
Muintir Flaithbheartaiyh, 66. See CTFlaith-

bheartaigh.
Muintir Garadhain, in Breifne, 46, 56 ;

Muntergeran, xxxviii (274).
Muintir Gilgaiu, in Longford, x (36).
Muintir Giollayain, in Breifne, 46, 56 ; co.

Longford, xxxvii (272).
Muintir Ifearnain, 124; the O'Quins, Ixxix

(711).
Muintir Kenny, or Clann Chionaoith,

xxxvii (265). See Muintir Cionaoith.
Muintir Laodhayain, 2, 10 ; not determined,

xi (43).

Muintir Lideadha,\26 ; O'Liddy, Ixxx (725).
Muintir Loinysif/h, 130 ; O'Loingsigh,

Lynch, Ixxxiii (747).

Muintir Mannachain,, in Breifne, 46, 62.
Muintir Maoilduin, in Oirghialla, 16, 30 ;

Muldoon, xxii (134).
Muintir Maoilgaoithe, in Tir Conaill, 18,

44 ; Mulgeeliy, Wynne, xxxii (220).
Muintir Maoilmhiadhaigh, 58 ; Mulvey;

xxxviii (276). See O'Maoilmiadhaigh.
Muintir Maoilmordha, in Breifne, 46, 56 ;

co. Cavan, xxxvii (270).
Muintir Maoilruna, in Oirghialla, 18, 32 ;

co. Fermanagh, xxiii (139).
Muintir Maoilsionna, 4, 12 ; of Kilkenny

West, xi (47).
Muintir Murchadha, in Connacht, 46, 66 ;

Muntermurroghoe, xliii (325).
Muintir Pheodachain, in Oirghialla, 18,

30; in Fermanagh, xxiii (137).
Muintir Roduibh, in Connacht, 44, 52.
Muintir Siorthachain, 2, 12, xl (45).
Muintir Tadhgain, ix (35).
Muintir Taithligh, in Oirghialla, 16, 30;

Tully, xxii (133).
Muintir Tlamain, 2, 10 j in Meath, xi (44),

xii (49). See duel Tlamain.
Muiredhach Meith, race of, xxii (127).

Muillethain, xxxiii (231).

Mulally, O 'Maolalaidh, of Hy Many, xliv

(344).

Muldoon, O'Maoilduin, xxii (134).
Mulfall, O'Maoilfabhaill, xviii (97).
Mulgeehy, O*Maoilgaoithey xxxii (220).
Mulholland, O'Maolcallann, ix (34).
Mulkern, the river, Ixxxiii (746).
Mullaghmast Maistin, liii (435).
Mulligan, O*Maolagain, xxxii (218),
Mullown, O'Maoilbhloghain, Ixx (610).
Mulrenin, O'Maoilbhrenain, xxxiv (242).
Mulrony, O'Maoilruanaidhr xxiii (1 39)^xlv

(347).

Mulvey, O'Maoilmhiadhaigk,xxxvin (276).
Mulvihill, O'Maoilmhiehil, xl (303).
Munster, Maicniadh's land, Ixxxi (730).
Munstermen, three tribes of, xlix (387).
Muntergeran, Muintir Geradhain, in the

county of Longford, xxxviii (274).

cxx

INDEX.

Munter Gillagan, Muintir Giollagain,

xxxviii (272).

Munterkenny, co. Leitrim, xxxvii (266).
Muntermurroghoe, Muintir Murchadha,

xliii (325).

Muntervary, Muintir Bhaire, Ixvi (572).
Murchadh, of Connacht,66, xliii (325).

-, of Leinster, Int 24, xlvi (363).

Maelnambo, xlvi (363).

Murchardides, or Mac Murchadha, Int.

12, xlvi (363).

Murgel, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Murphy, family of, Int. 50 ; O' 'Murchadha,
, xix (JOO), Iv (459), Ivi (460).
Murray, O'Muireadhaigh, of Carra, xl

(297) ; of Westmeath, xii (49).
Murrinn, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Murroe, O'Murchadha, Ivi (460).
Murroe's territory, or Ui Feline, Ivi

(460).

Murtagh, O'Muirchertaigh, xv (60).
Muschryhyry, Lower Ormond, Ixx (613).
Muscraiyhe, in Munster, 108; descent of,

Ixix (600).
— - Breogain, Clanwilliam, Ixx (609).

Chuirc, Clanwilliam, Ixx (609).

larthair Feimhin, 110, Ixx (612).

Luachra, 108; co. Cork, Ixix (604).

Mitine, 1 08 ; West Muskerry, Ixix

(602).
Tire, 110; Lower Ormond, Ixx (613).

Treithirne, 110; in Clanwilliam, Ixx

(609).

Tri Maighe, 110; Orrery and Kil-

more, Ixix (605).

Ui Fhloinn, Muskerrylin, Ixvii (584),

Ixix (602),

of West Feimhin, Ixx (612).

Muskerry Ponegan, Ixix (605).
Muskerry lin,Muscraighe Ui Fhloinn, Ixvii

(584).
Muskerry West, Muacraighe Mitine, Ixix

(602).
Mutton Island, Inis Caerach, Ixxii

(640).

N.

Naas, Nas, 1 (405).

Nagle, Sir Richard, viii (30).

Names, family, when first formed in Ire-
land, Int. 9 ; by prefixed words, Int.
6-8; or by suffixed syllables, Int. 8;
translation of, Int. 26, 42 ; assimilation
of, Int. 44-46 ; Irish accounts of, Int.
25, 26 ; of females, Int. 59. See Bap-
tismal, Christian, Surnames.

Nangle, family of, Int. 23.

Nas, Naas, 82, 1 (405).

Naughton. O'Neachtain, xliv (343).

Naul, the parish, v (20).

Navan, the, Eamhain, xxvii (181).

Ne, tribal termination, Int. 8.

Nenagh, the river, Amhain Ua Cathbadlia,
Ixxvii (686).

Neville, O'Neidhe, Ixxii (637).

Ni, or Ny, feminine prefix, Int. 13.

Niamh, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.

Ni-Brien, filia Brieni, Int. 13. *

Nolan, Irish family of, Int. 49 ; O'Nual-
lain, lvii(475); O'hUallachain, Int. 49.

Noonan, O'hlonmhainen, Ixx (607).

Norton, O'Neachtain, xliv (343).

Nugent, family of, vii (26).

O.

O, origin of the prefix, Int. 7 ; meaning
of, Int. 12 ; popular errors concerning,
Int. 14, 15, 16 ; or Mac, essential to a
surname, Int. 63 ; cases where not pre-
fixed, Int. 15 ; discarded in Leinster,
Int. 50 ; rarely interchanged with Mac,
Int. 50,51.

O'hAedha, of Eas Ruadh, 18,42,xxx(202).

, of Feara Fearnmaighe, 16, 28 ; in

Tyrone, xxi (116).

of Muscraighe Luachra, 108,lxix(603).

, of Odhbha, 2, 6 ; Hughes, iv (17).

, of Tir Teathbha, 4, 12, xiii (52).

— , of Ui Deghaidh, 90, Iv (456).

O'hAedhaqain, of Crich Cein, 132, Ixxxv
(764).

INDEX.

CXX1

O'hAenghusa, of Claim Colgan, 84 ; Hen-

nessy, li (412).
, of Gailenga Beg, 4, 14 ; Ilennessy,

xiii (57).

, of Ui Failghe, 72, 76, xlviii (376).

, of Ui Mac Uais, 2, 6, iv (16).

O'hAghmaill, 16, 24 ; Hamill, xviii (92).
O'Ahern, of Omulloid, Ixxxi (728).

, or Ui Cearnaigh, Ixxxi (729).

O 'fiAdhnaigh, 46, 64 ; Heyny, xlii (323).
O'hAlchir, 124 ; O'Hehir, Hare, Ixxix

(716).

O'hAidith, 18, 34; of Uladh, xxv (162).
O'hAikhe, 134 ; Halley, Ixxxvi (773).
O'hAimirgin, 84 ; Bergin, li (416).
, of Ui Failghe, 74, 76 ; Mergin, Ber-
gin, xlviii (377).
O'hAimrit, 134.
O'hAinbhith, of Craobh Ruadh, 18, 36 ;

Hanvey, xxrii (172).
, of Feara Bile, 2, 6; Hanvey, v

(19).
, of Ui Seaain, 18, 34 ; Hanvey, Ha-

nafey, xxiv (154).

O'hAinlighe, 46, 62 ; O'Hanly, xli (304).
O'hAirt, of Meath, 2, 6 ; Hart, ii (7).
O'hAirtialla, Hartley, Ivii (472).
O'Anamchadha, 102, Ixiv (550).
O'hAnluain, 16, 30 ; O'Hanlon, xxii (124).
O'hAodha. See O'hAedha.
O'hAonglmsa. See O'hAenghusa.
O'hArtghoile, 92; Hartley, Ivii (472).
O' Baethyhalaigh, or Clann Baoithghalaiyh,

16, 26.

O'Baire, 104, Ixvi (574).
O'Banain, 132, Ixxxv (770).
O'Banane, William, Ixxxv (770).
O'Baoigheallain, of Dartraighe, 16, 30;

Boylan, xxii (131).
O'J3aoighill,of Clann Chinnfhaelaidh, 18,

40; O'Boyle, xxx (200).

, of Magh Itha, 16, 22, xviii (87).

O'Baiscinn, 110 ; Baskin, Ixxi (618).
O'Bcarga, of Ui Rossa, 118, Ixxvi (670).
O'Bece, of Beanntraighe, 106, Ixvii (585).

O'Beirne, Muintir Birn, of Sil Muiredh-

aigh, xxxiii (231); of Ui Briuin-na-

Sinna, xl (302).
CTBillraidhe, of Ui Conaill, 118, Ixxv

(666).
O'Birn, of Muintir Mannachain, 46, 62,

xl (302).
O'mBloid, the cantred, 126 ; Omulloid,

Ixxxi (728).
O'Boyle, O'Baoighill, xxx (200); first

instance of the name, Int. 9.
O 'Brachain, 100 ; Brahan, Ixii (527).
O'Braoin,of Breaghmhaine,2, 10; O'Breen,

x (42).
, of Loch Gealgosa, 46, 64; O'Breen,

xlii (313).

, of Luighne, 2, 6, iv (15).

O'Braonain, of Osraighe, 74, 76 ; O'Bren-

nan, xlix (386).

, of Ui Duach, 94, lix (497).

O'Breaghdha, 102; Bray, Ixiv (552).
O'Breen, O'Braoin, of Brawney, iv (15),

x (42) ; of Loch Gealgosa, xlii (^313) ;

ofLune, iv (15).
O'Breislen, of Fanad, 18, 42, xxxi (208).

, of Ui Athele, 100, Ixiii (535).

O'Brennan, O'Braonain, xlix (386).
CTBric, of Deisi, 100 ; Brick, Ixii (529).
.of Ui Eachach, 102, Ixiii (539,

541).
O'Brien, first instance of name, Int. 10 ;

race of Cormac Cas, Ixxviii (698).
Rev. Dr., dictionary of, referred to,

xxiii (136), xxvi (171), Ixvi (669).
O'Brogarbhain, of Ui Failghe, 72, 76,

xlviii (371).

O'Broghie, O'Broithe, lix (499).
O'Broithe,of Magh Sedna, 96 ; O'Broghie,

Brophy, lix (499).

O'Bruadair, of Carraic Bracaighe, 16, 26 ;
unknown, xviii (97).

, ofOssory, 74, 76; Brothers, Brode-

rick, xlviii (384).
, of Ui Eire, 96 ; Broder, Broderick,

CXX11

INDEX.

O' Byrne, first instance of name, Int. 10 ;
extraction of, family, xiv (58) ; branches
of, Int. 20 ; tribe name of, xlvii (368) ;
occupy Cualann, xlvii (365); family
name of Lord de Tabley, Int. 48.
O'Cadhla, of Conmaicne Mara, 46, 64 ;
Keely, xlii(319).

, of Tuath Luimnigh, 128; Keely,

Imrxii (739).
O'Caellaighe, of Aolmhagh, 120; Kyley,

Ixxvii (685). See O'Caollaighe.
O'Cahill, first instance of name, Int. 10 ;

of Cinel Aedha, xliii (333).
O'Caibhdeanaigh, of Magh Airbh, 96 ;

Keveny, GaflFney, Ix (503).
O'Cairbre, of Tuath Buadha, 10, ix (32).
O'Caithneannaiyh, of Ciarraighe,112, Ixxii

(633).

O'Callaghan, first occurrence of name,
Int. 10; O'Cellachain, Ixv (557), Ixxiv
(657).

O 'Canannain, of Clann Dalaigh, 18, 40;
in Donegal, xxx (195) ; first occurrence
of name, Int. 10.

O'Caoimh, of Gleannornhain,102; O'Keefe,
Ixiv (547).

, of Urluachair, 116 ; O'Keefe, Ixxiv

(656).

O'Caollaighe, of Aolmagh, 120; Kyley,
Ixxvii (685).

, of Crich O'mBuidhe, 86, liii (431).

, of UiBearchon, 96; O'Kelly,lx(508).

O'Caom/tain, of Magh Leamhna, 16, 28;

Keevan, xxi(118).

O'Carroll, O'Cearbhaill, of Calry, xxxvii
(269) ; of Ely O'Carroll, lix (490),lxxxiv
(757) ; of Kerry, Ixxiv (655) ; of Oirghi-
alla, xix (105) ; of Ossory, lix (490,
494); of Westmeath, xiii (53); Sir
William, Ixxxv (769).
O'Carry, O'Carthaiylt. xxxiv (240).
O' 'Carthaiyh, of Clann Cathail, 44, 50 ;
O'Carry, xxxiv (240).

, of Muscraighe lartliairFehnliin, 1 10;

Carty, Ixx (611).

O'Casey, O'Cathasaiyh, various families

of, v (20).
O'Cassaln, of Ui Maine, 48; of the Sod-

hans, xlv (346).

O' Cathail, of Cinel Aedha, 46, 68.
, of Corca Thine, 134 ; Cahill, Ixxxvi

(776).

, of Crumthann, 48, 68.

, of co. Clare, 124, Ixxix (713).

O'Cathain, of Cianachta, 16, 20, xvi (69).

, of Cinel Sedna, 46.

O'Cathalain, of Clann Faghartaigh, 44,

52.
, of Uaithne Cliach, 130 ; Cahallan,

Callari, Ixxxiii (750).
O'Catharnaiyh, of Teathbha, 2, 1 0, ix (35).
O' Cathasaigh, of Saithne, 2, 8; Casey, v

(20).

Ocathesi, territory of, v (20).
O' Ceallachain, of Cinel Aedha, 102;

O'Callaghan, Ixv (557).

— , of Duhallow, 116, Ixxiv (657).
O'Ceallaigh, of Corca Eachach, 16, 22;

O'Kelly, xvii (85).
, of Fochla or Ibrickan, 112, Ixxi

(624).

, of Gailine, 86,

, of Hy Maine, 48, Ixxi (624).

, of Leghe, 84.

, of Magh Druchtain, 86, liii (426).

, of Meath, 2, 6, ii (9).

, of Ui Teigh, 88, liv (445).

O'Cearbhaill, of Callraighe, 46, 56 ; Carroll,

xxxvii (269).
, of Coill Uachtarach, 94 ; Carroll,

lix (490).

, of Magunthy, 116, Ixxiv (655).

, of Oirghialla, 16, 28, xix (105).

,of Ossory, 74, 76, 94, xlviii (381),

lix (490, 494).

, of Teamhair, xiii (53).

O'Cearnariain, of Tuath Uladhaigh, 18,
42 ; in Donegal, xxxii (215).

, of Luighne, 46, 58, xxxix (284).

j O'Cedfadha, 128 ; Keating, Ixxxii (741).

INDEX.

CXX111

O'Cein, of Machuin, 100; Kean, Ixiii (537).
O'Ceirin, 46, 62 ; Kerrin, xli (308).
O'Ceithernaigh, of Ciarraighe Maighe, 46,

62, xli (306, 307). See Mac Ceithernaigh.

, of co. Cork, 106.

O'Ciarain, of Fearnmagh, 16, 22,Kerrins,

xvii (86).
O'Ciardha, of Cairbre, 72, 76, 88 ; Keary,

Carey, xlviii (379), liv (447).
O'Ciarmhaic, of Eoghanacht Aine, 118;

Kerwick, Kirby, Ixxvi (680).
O'Cinneidigh, of Gleann Omra, 126, Ixxxi

(732).
O'Cinnfhaeladh, of Eoghanacht Gabhra,

120 ; Kinealy, Ixxvii (693).
O' Cionaoith, of Clann Flaitheamhain, 48,

70 j Kenny, xlvi (353).

, of Magh Itha, 16, 24, xviii (89).

, of Ui Failghe, 72, 76, xlviii (372).

O'Cleirchin, 118; Clerkan, Cleary, Ixxvi

(674).

O'Cleirigh, 66 ; O'Clery, xliii (330).
O'Clerchain, Clerkan, Ixxvi (674).
O'Clery, a surname, Int. 10; O'Cleirigh,

xliii (330).
O'Cobthaigh, 104 ; O'Cowhig, Coffey, Ixvi

(570).

O'Coilen, 116 ; Collins, Ixxv (665).
O'CozWea#»/mm,ofLaeghaire, 2, 6 ; Quin-

lan, Conlan, iv (14).
O'Coinne, ol Ui Echach, 36 ; Kenny, Quin,

xxvi (170).
O'Colyain, of Ui Mac Carthainn, 18, 34 ;

Colgan,xxv(l56).
O'Coltarain, of Dal Cuirb, 18, 36, xxvii

(178).
O'Comhraidhe, of Ui mac Uais, 4, 12;

Ccrry, Curry, Cowry, xiii (51).
O'Conaill, of Grian, 48, 68, xliv (341).
, of Ui Mac Carthainn, 34 ; Connell,

xxv (156).
O'Conaing, of Aos tri muiglie, 128, Ixxxii

(742).
, of Saiugel, 120; Gunning, Ixxviii

(695).

O'Conaire, 112; Connery, Ixxii (638).
O' Conceannain, of Ui Diarmada, 44, 52,

xxxv (248) ; family of, seize Corcamoe,

xli (3 12).
O'Conchobhair, of Cianachta, 16, 20;

O'Connor, xvi (70).
, King of Connacht,44, 48 ; O'Conor,

xxxiii (225).
, of Corcumroe, 1 14 ; O'Conor, Ixxiii

(641).
, of Kerry, 112; O'Conor, Ixxii

(629).
, of Ui Bresail West, 18, 32 ; Connor,

xxiv (147).
, of Ui Failghe, 72, 76, 82 ; O'Conor

Faley, xlviii (373), 1 (407).
O'Confiacla, of Meath, 10, x (37) See

Mac Confiacla.
O'Conghaile, of Magunihy, 108, Ixviii (594,

596, 597).
O' Conghalaigh, of Meath, 2, 6; Conolly,

iii (10).
O'Conor, O' Conchobkair, surname, when

formed, Int. 10 ; branches of, Int. 20 ;

or Clann Conchobhair, xxxiv (236) ; of

Connacht, xxxiii (225) ; of Corcumroe,

Ixxiii (641) ; of Failghe, xlviii (373), 1

(407) ; of Glen Geimhin, xvi (69, 70) ; of

Kerry, Ixxii (629); ofSil Muiredhaigh,

xxxiii (231).
O'Corbmaic, of Ui mac Carthainn, 18, 32 ;

Cormic, xxiii (143).
O'Corra, of Ulster, xiii (51).
O'Cosgraigh,of Feara Cualann, 72, 74, 88,

xlvii (365).
, of Feara Hois, 16, 30; Cosgrave,

xxii(125).
, of Ui Briuin Seola, 50, xxxiv

(234).

O'Cowhig, O'Cobht/iaigh, Ixvi (570).
O'Oufam, of the Machaire, 16, 28 ; Cre-

gan, xxi (115).

O'Cuanach, of Clann Fearghusa, 16, 26.
O'Cuile, of Eoghanacht Aradh, 120 ; Quill,

Ixxvii (^684).

CXX1V

INDEX.

O'Cuinn, of Magh Itha, 16, 24 ; Quin, xviii

(88).
, of MuintirFerghail,46, 58; O'Quin,

xxxviii (277).
, of Muintir Giollagain, 46, 56, x(36),

xxxvii (272).
, of Muintir Ifearnain, 124 ; Quin,

lxxix(710, 711).

, ofTeathbha, 2, 10, x (36).

O'Cuirc, of Muscraighe Treithirne, 110;

Quirk, Ixx (609).
O'Cuirre, of Ciarraighe Chuirche, 102,

Ixiv (555).

O'Daiinhin, Devine, xxiv (151).
O'Dalachain, of Tuath Bladhaigh, 18, 42;

unknown, xxxii (216).
O'Dalaiyh, of Corca Adamh, 4, 12 ; Daly,

xii (48).
O'Daly, O'Dalaigh, xii (48) ; of Delvin

Eathra, vii (28) ; poets of the family,

xii (48).
O'Dea, surname, Int. 10; O'Deaghaidh,

Ixxix (707, 708).
O'Deaghaidh, county of Clare, 122; O'Dea,

Ixxix (708).
, of Sliabh Ardachaidh, 100; Day,

Ixii (525).
, of Thomond, Day, Ixii (525).

— , of co. Wexford, 90, Iv (456).
O'Dempsey, O'Diomasaigh, xlviii (375),

lii (419).

Odhbha, territory of, 2, 6, iv (17).
Odhran, meaning of name, Int. 55.
O'Dieholla, co. Clare, Ixxii (639).
O'Diomosaigh, of Clann Maoilughra, 84 ;

Dempsey, lii (419).
, of Ui Failghe, 72, 76; Dempsey,

xlviii (375).
O'Dobhailen, of Corann, 46, 60 ; Devlin,

xxxix (286).

O 'Dobharchon, 126, Ixxx (725X
O'Dochartaiyh, of Ard Miodhair, 18, 42 ;

O'Dogherty, xxxi (209).
O'Docomhlain, of Eidhneach, 48, 72, xlvi

(359).

O'Doherty, surname wlien formed, Int.

10; branches of family, Int. 21; of

Donegal, xxxi (209).
O'Domhnaill, of Cinel Binnigh, 16, 24;

O'Donnell, xviii (90).
, of Clann tSealbaigh, 106 ; O'Don-
nell, Ixvii (580).
, of Corca Baiscinu, 110; O'Donnell,

Ixxi (617).
, of Ui Eathach, 1 8, 32 ; of Tooaghey,

xxiv (150).
O ' Domhnallain, of Clann Breasail, 48, 70 ;

Donolan, xlvi (354).
, of Teallach nAinbhith, 16, 22;

O'Donnellan, xvii (78).

— , of Ui Tuirtre, 16, 28; Donnellan,

xx (113).
Cf Donyhalaigh, of Muscraighe tire, 110 ;

Donnelly, Ixx (614).
O'Donnabhain, of Dun Cuirc, 118; O'Do-

novan, Ixxvi (675).
(yDonnagain,Qf Ara, 1 30 ; Donegan,lxxxiii

(752).
, of Muscraighe Trimaighe, 110; Do-

negan, Ixix (6o5).
, of Teallach nAiubhith, 16, 22;

Donegan, xvii (79).
, of Tir Breasail, 18, 44 ; Donnegan,

xxxii (219).
O' Donnchadha, of Clann Cormaic, 48, 72 ;

O'Donaghue, xlvi (355).

— , of Coill Uachtarach, 94 ; Dunphy,

lix (491).

, of the Flesc, lOfi, Ixvii (582).

, of Gabhran, 94; Dunphy, lix (491).

, of Loch Lein, 106, 116, Ixvii (581),

Ixxiii (654).

, of Magh Feimhin, 100, Ixii (523).

, of Ossraighe, 74, 76, xlviii (382).

, of Teallach Modhairn, 2, 8 ; Dunphy,

vi (22).
O' Donnell, O'Domhnaill, surname when

formed, Int. 10 ; styled Clann Dalaigh,

xxx (196); of Armagh, xxiv (150); of

Cinel Binny, xviii (f)0) ; of Clare, Ixxi

INDEX.

CXXV

(6 1 7J ; of Cork, Ixvii (580) ; families of,

on the Continent, Int. 31 ; Count Maxi-
milian, Int. 31.

O'Donnellan, O'Domlmallain, xvii (78).
O'Donoghue, O 'Donnchadha, surname

when formed, Int. 10 ; of Glenflesk, Ixvii

(582), Ixxiv (654) ; of Hy Many, xlvi

(355) ; of Kerry, vi (22) : of Loch Lene,

Ixvii (581), Ixxiii (654); of Magh

Feimhin, Ixii (523) ; of Ossory, lix (491).
O'Donoghy, O'Donnchadha, vi (22).
O'Donovan, O'Donnabhain, surname when

formed, Int. 10; family of, Int. 15;

branches of, Int. 20 ; in co. Limerick,

Ixxvi (675).

O'Dooly, ODubhlaighe, Ixxxv (767).
O'Dowda, O'Dubhda, surname when

formed, Int. 10, xl (296) ; of Hy Fiach-

rach, xxxiii (228).
O'Dowling's country, Iviii (480).
O'Doyne, O'Duinn, xlviii (374).
O^Draighnen, 114; Drinan, Ixxii (639).
O'Driscoll, O'hEidirsceoil, Ixv (564), Lxvii

(576) ; O'DriscolPs country, Ixvii (576,

579).

O'Duane, O'Dubhain, iv (18).
O'Dubhagain, Seaan Mor, 4, 18, xlix(394) ;

account of, Int. 3 ; his poem, Int. J, 3 ;

defective idiom of, i ; errors in, xxxix

(284, 285), xlii (321).
, of Dun Manann, 102 ; O'Dugan,

Duggan, Ixiv (545).

, of Hy Many, xlvi (358).

O'Dubhain, of Cnodhbha, 2, 6 ; Duane,

Downes, iv (J8).
O'Dubhda, of Ui Fiachrach, 46, 60;

O'Dowda, xl (296).
O* Dubhduanaigh, 16, 24 ; unknown, xviii

(91).
O'Dubhlaidhe, of Feara Tulach, 2, 8;

Dooley, vii (25).
O' Dubhlaiyhe, of Clann Maenaigh, 132 ;

O'Dooly, Ixxxv (767).
CfDubhshlaine, of Coili Uachtarach, 94 ;

Delany, lix (488).

O'Dugan, O'Dubhagain, origin of surname,

Int. 10, xlvi (358), Ixiv (545); John,

xlix (394); blunders of, xxxix (284,

285). See O'Dubhagain.
O'Duibh, of Cinel Crimthainn, 86 ; Deevy,

Devoy, Hi (424).
O'Duibhdara, of Oirghialla, 16, 28, xx

(106).
O'Duibhdhiorma, of Bredach, 16, 20; Di-

armid, MacDermott, xvi(71).
O'Duibhduin, of Ui Flanannain, 112, Ixxii

(635).
O'Duibheamkna, 18, 32 ; Devenny, xxiv

(146).
O'Duibhginn, 48, 72, xlvi (358).

- , of Fearann Deiscertach, 92,lvi (469).

- , of Muintir Conlochtaigh, 124 ; Dee-
gin, Duggan, Ixxx (718).

O'Duibhgkiolla, 46, 66, xliii (331),
O'Duibhidhir, 128; O'Dwyer, Ixxxii (740),
O' Duibhthire, of Clann Daimhin, 18, 32.
O'Duineachair, 1 20 ; Donaher, Ixxvii (687).
O'7>*z>m,ofTeamhar,4,12; Dunn.xiii (54).

- , of Ui Failghe, 72, 76, xlviii (374).

- , of Ui Kiagain, 82 ; Dunn, Doyne,
xlviii (374), li (41 1).

cahy, xxxix (287).
O'Duinne, Doyne, Int. 28.
O'Duinnsleibhe, of Craobh Ruadh, 18, 34 ;

Dunleavy, xxv (160).
O'Dunadhaigh, of Luachair, 114; Doney,

Denny, Ixxiii (653).
O'Dunlaing, of the Lagan, 92 ; Dowling,

Iviii (480).

O'Duracks, of Omulloid, Ixxxi (728).
O'Duvagan, of the Sodhans, xlv (346).
O'Dwyer, O'Duibhidhir, Ixxxii (740),

Ixxxiv (756).
WhEaghra, of Luighne, 46, 58; O'Hara,

xxxix (282).

O'Echtighern, 126 ; Ahern, Ixxxi (729).
O'kEidirsceoil, of Bearra, 104 ; O'Driscoll,

Ixvii (576).
- , of Corca Laighdhe, 104, Ixv (564).

CXXV1

INDEX.

O'hEidhin, of Ui Fiachrach Finn, 46, 66.
O'hEigniyh, of Claim Cearnaigh, 18, 32;

O'Heaney, Heany, xxiv (149).

, of Feara Manach, 18, 32, xxiii (140).

O'hEirc, of Ui Fiachrach Finn, 16, 28;

Ercke, xxi(l!4).

CFhEtiigein, 16,24;Magettigen, xviii (93).
CThEochadha, of Cinel Aengusa, 2, 10 ;

Hoey, ix (33).
, of Craobh Ruadh, 18, 34; Hughey,

Hoey, xxv (161).
, of Ui Faelain, 72, 74 ; Keogh, xlvii

(368).
O'hEochayain, of Craebh Ruadh, 34 ;

O'Haughian, xxvi (163).
O'hEodhosa, of Cinel Tighearnaigh, 16,

24 ; Hosey, Hussey, xviii (95).
O1 Faelain, of Deisi, 100; Phelan, Ixiii

(529, 530) ; surname when formed, Int.

10.
O'Failbfie, of Corca Duibhne, 108, Ixviii

(594).
, of Fionntraigh, 108; O'Falvey, Ixix

(598).
O'Faircheallaigh, of Claire, 122 ; O'Far-

relly, Ixviii (704).
O'Fallamhain, of Clann Uadach, 46, 52 ;

O'Fallon, xxxv (250), iii (13).

, of Crioch na gCedach, 2, 6, iii (13).

O'Fallon, O'Fallamhain, of Crenegedach,

in Meath, iii (13).

, of co. Roscommon, xxxv (250).

O'Falvey, O'Failbhe, Ixviii (594), Ixix

(598).
O'Faolain, of Magh Locha, 96 ; Whelan,

Ix (501).
O'Farrall Bane, xxxviii (272).

Boye, xxxviii (272).

O'Farrelly, O'Faircheallaigh, Ixxviii (704).
O'Fearyhail, of Teallach nAinbhith, 16,

22.

, of Fortuatha Laighen, Iv (450).

O'Ferrall, family of, Int. 20 ; or Muintir

Fearghail, xxxviii (277) ; Bane, x (36) ;

Boy, x (36).

Offaly, Ui Failghe, xlviii(370), 1 (40<>), Iii

(420).
O'Fiachra, of Almhain, 90 ; unknown, Iv

(453).
, of Cinel Feradhaigh, 16, 26, xix

(102).
, of Ui Enechglais, 72, 24 ; obsolete,

xlvii (364).
O'Finachta, of Clann Connrahaigh, 44, 52 ;

Finaghty, xxxv (246).
, of Clann Murchadha, 44, 52 ; Fin-
aghty, xxxv (247).
O'Finaghty, O'Finachta, of Sil Muiredh-

ach, xxxiii(23l) ; of Clann Murchadha,

xxxv (247); privileges of, xxxv (246).
O'Finn, of Callraighe, 46, 56 ; Finn, xxxvii

(269).
O'Finnallain, of Delbhna mor, 2, 8, vii

(26).
O'Finntighearn, of Ui Mealla, 90 ; Finne-

ran, Iv (458).
O'Flaherty, surname when formed, Int. 10 ;

O'Flaithbheartaiyh, xxxiii (232), xxxiv

(233), xliii (325) ; Roderick, his Ogygia

cited, Int. 60, i (2), v (20), vi (23), xi

(47), xxvii (174), xxxix (281), xlii (314).
O'Flaithbheartaigh, race of, 50, xxxiv

(233) ; of Muintir Murchadha, 46, 66 ;

O'Flaherty, xliii (325).
O'Flaithri, of Uladh, 16, 28; Flattery, xx

(110).
O'Flannagain, of Cinel Farga, 132; O'Flan-

agan, Ixxxiv (760).

, of Clann Cathail, 44, 50, xxxiv (238).

, of the Comar, 2, 10, x (41).

, of Sil Muireadhaigh, xxxiii (231).

, of Tuath Ratha, 18, 30, xxii (136).

, of Uachtar tire, 100, Ixiii (534).

O'Flinn, O'Floinn, Ixvi (567, 569).
O'Floinn, of Arda, 104; Ixvi (567, 569).

, of Lua, 106, Ixvii (584).

, of Muscraighe Mitine, 108, Ixix

(602).

, of Siol Maoilruana, xli (310).

, of Ui Tuirtre, 16, 28, xx (112).

INDEX.

CXXV11

CTFodhladha, 100; Foley, Ixiii (536).
O'Fogarta, of South Eile, 134 ; Fogarty,

Ixxxvi (779).

O'Fogarty's Ely, Ixxxvi (777).
O'Follamhain. See O'Fallamhain.
O'Fuirg, of Muscraighe-tire, 110; obso-
lete, Ixx (615).

O'Furadhran, of Fionnros, 42, xxxi(213).
Oga Beathra, Mac Fiachra of, 46.
O'Gabhrain, of Dal Druithne, 48, 72.
O' Gadhra, of Luighne, 46, 58 ; O'Gara,

xxxix (285).
O 'Gairbhith, of Craobh Ruadh, 18, 36;

Garvey, xxvi (171).
, of Ui Breasail Macha, 18, 32, xxiii

(144).

, of Ui Felme, 90, Ivi (462).

O'Gairmleadhaigh, of CinelMoain, 16, 22;

O'Gormely, xvii (76).
O'Gallagher, surname when formed, Int.

10.
O'Gaoithin, of Siol Elaigh, 92; Geehan,

Gahan, Gihon, Iviii (479).
O'Gara, O' Gadhra, xxxix (285).
Ogarney, the river, Ui gCearnaigh, Ixxxi

(729).

O'Garvey, of Clann Bresail, xxiii (144).
Ogashin, Ui gCaisin, in county of Clare,

Ixxx (724).
O' Gealbrain, of Magh Life, 88 ; obsolete,

liv (442).
Ogham inscription on Slieve Collane,

Ixxviii (706).

O'Giallaigh, in Ui Maine, 48, xlv (346).
O'Glaisin, of Ui Mac Caille, 102, Ixiv

(553).
O'Gloiairn, of Callann, 96; Glory, Ix

(505).
OGormain, of Ui Barrtha, 86, liii (433).

See Mac Gormain.

O'Gormley, O'Gairmleadhaigh, xvii (76).
O' Gormog, of Ceara, 46, 60 ; Gorman, xl

(298).

O'Grada, 124; O'Grady ; Ixxx (720).
O'Grady, O'Grada, Ixxx (720, 721).

O'Griobhtha, Griffy, Ixxx (7)8).
O'Hanlon, O'hAnluain, of Orior, xxii

(124).

O'Hanly, of Doohy Hanly, xli (304).
O'Hanvey, O'hAinbheith,v (19) xxii (172).
O'Hara, O'hEaghra, xxxix (282).
O'Hare, O'A/r, xx(123).
O'Haughian, O'hEochagain, xxvi (163).
O'Hayer, O'hlr, xxii (123).
O'Hea, O'hAedha, iv (17), Ixix (603).
O'Heaney, O'hEighnigh, xxiv (149).
O'Heerin, Topographical poem of, errors

in, Ixv (558), Ixxiii (649). See O'Huidh-

rin.
O'Hegan, O'hAedhagain, Ixxxv (764) ; or

Clann lonmainen, Ixxxv (766).
O'Hehir, OKAichir, Ixxix (716), Ixxx

(723).
O'Heyne, O'hEidhin, xliii (329); origin

of surname, Int. 10.

O'Hogan, CfhOgain, xvii (75), xviii (96).
O'hUallachain, Nolan, Int. 49.
O'Huidhrin, MSS. of poem, Int. 1, 4 ; ac-
count of, Int. 4; errors of, liv (441),

Ixv (558), Ixxiii (649); Topographical

poem of, 80-134.
O'hlfearnain, of Uaithne Cliach, 130 ;

Hefiernan, Ixxxiii (749).
Oilech, kings of, 16, 20; now Greenan

Ely, xv (64).
Oilioll, names derived from, Ixii (526).

Cedach, iii (13).

Olum, Ixviii (701).

O'hlmhasbhain, 106 ; obsolete, Ixviii (591).
O'hlnnrechtaiyh, of Ui Meith, 16, 30 ;

Hanratty, xxii (128).
O'hlonmhainen, of Tuath Saxan, 110;

Noonan, Ixx (607).
O'hlonradhain, of Corca Baidhe, 2, 8 ; vi

(23).
O'A/r, of Oirtheara, 16, 30; O'Hare,

xxii (123).
Oirghialla^ tribes of, 16, 28; extent of

territory, xix (103) ; fanciful deriva-
tion of the name, xix (104).

CXXV111

INDEX.

Oirtr, 'a region,' 124 (line 13).
Oirtheara, or Orior, 16, 30, xxi (122).
O'Kadesi, terra de, v (20).
O'Kaely, & Caellaidhe, liii (431).
O'Kane, O'Cathain, xvi (69).
O'Keefe, O'Caoimh, of Cork, Ixiv (547) ;

of Kerry, Ixxiv (656) ; surname when

formed, Int. 10.
O'Kelly, O 'Ceallaigh, ii (9); dispersion of

family, ii (9); of Cinel Echach, xvii

(85); of Clan-bressail, xxvii(177); of

Feranokelly, liii (426) ; surname when

formed, Int. 10.

O'Kennedy, O'Cinneidigh, branches of fa-
mily, Int. 20 ; of Glenomra, Ixxxi (732) ;

of Omulloid, Ixxxi (728).
O'Kevan, origin of surname, Int. 10.
O' Labhradha, 38; Lavery, xxvi (164),

xxviii (185).

O'Lachtnain, of Modhairn Beg, 18, 34.
, of Teathbha, 2, 10; Loughnan, x

(38).
O'Laedhog, of the Caladh, 48, 70, xlv

(348).
O'Lairgnen, of Oirghialla, 16, 28; Largau,

xx (109).
O'Laoghain, of the Ui Fearba, 112; Lane,

xxii(631).

O'Lavery, Lavery, xxviii (185).
O'Leannain, of Ui Maine, 48 ; O'Lennain,

of the Sodhans, xlv (346).
O'Leathlabhra, 18, 34 ; Lawlor, xxvi

(165).
O'Leochain, of Gailenga, 8; Loughan,

Duck vi (21).
O'Liddy, O'Lideadha, county of Clare,

Ixxx (725).
O'Lochlainn, ofBoirinn, 114; O'Loughlin,

Ixxiii (643).

O'Loghlen, Sir Colman, Ixxiii (643).
O'Loingsigh, of Craobh Ruadh, 18, 34 ;

Lynch, of Dalaradia, xxvi (166).
O'Longain, of West Ui Bresail, 18, 32 ;

Langan, xxiv (145).
O'Lonnagain, Ixxxiii (754).

O'Lorcain, of Clann Cearnaigli, 18, 32 ;

Larkin, xxiv (148).

— , ofFothart, 92; Larkin, M (470).
O Loughlin, origin of surname, Int. 10 ;

of Clare, Ixxiii (643)
O'Luain, of Deis Beg, 122 5 Loane, Lamb,

Ixxviii (702).

O'Lyn, O'Floinn, xx (112).
O'Macasa, of Corca Oiche, 118; Macas-

sey, Maxey, Ixxvi (669).
O'Machaidhen, of Mughdhorn, J6, 28;

unknown, xxi (120).
O'Madadhain, of Siol Anmchadha, 48 ;

O'Madden, xlv (350); origin of surname,

Int. 10.
O'Maghna, of Caenraighe, 46, 66, xliii

(332).
O'Mahony, O' Mathyhamhna, origin of sur-

name, Int. 10; of Cork, Ixviii (588);

of Down, xxvi (168); of the Muaidh,

Ixv (562).
O'Maiyin, of Ui Maine, 48 ; of the Sod-

hans, xlv (34b).
O'Maille, of Umhall, 46, 64 ; O'Malley,

- , of TuathLuimnigh, 128; O'Malley,

Ixxxii (739).

O'Mainnin, of Ui Maine, 48, xlv (346).
O'Malley, OMaille, xlii (315), Ixxxii

(739); Grace, xlii (316).
O' Mannachain, 62 ; O'Monahan, xl (302).
O'Maolagain, 44, Mulligan, xxxii (218).
O' Maolalaidh, of Maenmhagh, 46, 68,

Mullally, Lally, xliv (344).
O'Maolbloghain, of Muscraighe Treith-

irne, 110; Malone, Mullown, Ixx

(610).
G1 Maolbhrennain, of Clann Connchobhair,

44, 52 ; Mulrenin, xxxiv (242).
O'Maolbreasail, of Magh Itlia, 16, 22 ; un-

known, xviii (87).
O'Maolbrighde, of Magh Finn, 48, 72,

xlvi (360).
O'Maolcallunn, of Caonraighe, 1 J 8 ; Mul-

holland, Ixxvi (672).

INDEX.

CXX1X

O'Maolcallann, of Delbhna Beg, 2, 10;

Mulholland, ix (34).

O'Maolchein, of Tuathdamhaighe, 84 ; un-
known, li (413).
O'Maolchonaire, lollan son of Shane,

xcv.
O'Maolduiche, of Cairbre, 46, 58; Stone,

xxxviii (279).
O'Maolcorcra, of Ui Bracain, 112, Ixxi

(621).
O'Maolcraoibhe, of Clann Duibhsinnaigh,

32; Rice, xxiv(152).
O'Maoldoraidh, of Clann Dalaigh, 18, 40;

O'Muldory, xxx (195).
O'Maolduin, or Muintir Maoilduin, of Lurg,

30; Muldoon, xxii (134).
O'Maoleachlann, 6 ; O'Melaghlin, ii (6).
O'Maoleitigh, of Corcumroe, 114; Ixxii

(639).
O'Maolfabhaill, of Carraic Bracaighe, 16,

26 ; Mulfaul, xviii (97).
, of Muscraighe Mitine, 108; Ixix

(602).
O'Maolfothartaigh, of CinelTighearnaigh,

16, 24 ; unknown, xviii (94).
O'MaoIgain, of TirmacCarthainn,18, 44 ;

Mulligan, xxxii (218).
O'Maolgaoithe, 18,44; Mulgeehy, Wynne,

xxxii (220).
O'Maolluigdheach, of the Brugh, 2, 8 ; vii

(27).
O'Maolmaghna, of Magh Seiridh, 18, 42 ;

Mullany, xxx (201).
O'Maolmeadha, 124; Ixxix (715).
O'Maolmeadhaigh, of Magh Neise, 46, 58 ;

Mulvey, xxxviii (276).
O'Maolmihil, of Corca Eachlann, 46, 62 ;

Mulvihil, xl (303).
O'Maolmordha, of Clann Cathail, 44, 50 ;

O'Mulmore, xxxiv (239).
O'Maolmuaidh, of Clann Taidhg, 46, 62 ;

Molloy, xli (309).

,of Feara Ceall, 2, 8; O'Molloy, vi(24).

O'Maolruanaidh, of Crumhthann, 48, 68 ;

Mulrony, xlv (347).

O'Maolruanni dh, of Monach, 32; Mulrony,

xxiii (139).

O'Maolseachlainn, 2 ; O'Melaghlin, ii (6).
O'Maonaigk, 44, 52; O'Meeny, Mooney,

xxxiv (244)

O'Mara, O'Mearadhaigh, Ixiii (531).
O'Mathghamhna, of Cinel mBece, 102;

O'Mahony, Ixv (562).
, of Ui Eachach, 106 ; Mahony, Ixviii

(588, 589).
, of Craebh Kuadh, 18, 36 ; O'Mahony,

xxvi (168).

O^mBloid, 126; Omulloid, Ixxxi (728).
O'Meachair, of UiCairin, 132; O'Meagher,

Ixxxr (771).

O'Meagher, O'Meachair, Ixxxv (771).
O'Meallain, of Siol Aedha, 16, 26; Mel-
Ian, Millan, xix (101).
O'Meara, O'Mearadhaigh, Ixiii (531);

O'Mergdha, Ixxvii (688).
O'Mearadhaigh, of Ui Fathaidh, 100;

O'Meara, Ixiii (531).
O'Meeny, O'Maonaigh, xxxiv (244).
O'Melaghlin, (yMaoileacldainn, origin of

surname, Int. 10 ; family of, ii (6) ;

country of, viii (30).
O'Mellain, Mellan, Millan, xix (101).
O'Mergdha,of Eoghanacht, 120 ; O'Meara,

Ixxvii (688).

O'Modhairn, of Cinel nEochain, 4, 14.
O'Molloy, origin of surname, Int. 1 0 ; of

Cinel Fiachach, viii (30); of Clann

Taidhg, xli (309) ; of Fircall, xli (309) ;

country of, viii (30) ; Francis. Grammar

of, Int. 5

O'Monahan, O'Mannachain, xl (302).
O'Moran, O'Mughroin, xxxiv (241).
O'Mordha, of Laoighis, 86 ; O'More, lii

(422).

O'More, O'Mordha, lii (422).
O'Moriarty, O'Muircheartaigh, Ixviii (590).
O'Morna, of Uladh, 34, 36 ; Gilmore, xxvi

(167), xxvii(176).
O'Mnghroin, of Clann Cathail, 44, 50;

O'Moran, xxxiv (241).

cxxx

INDEX.

O'Mughroin, of Crumhthann, 48, 68;

Moran, Iv (347).
O'Muircheartaigh, of Aes Aisde, 106; Mo-

riarty, Ixviii (590).
, or Ui Maine, of Tuilen, 4,14; Mur-

tagh, xv (60).
O'Muireadhaigh, of Cea.ru, 46, 60 ; Murray,

xl (297).

, of Leinster. See Ui Muireadhaigh.

, of Muintir Tlamaiu, 12; Murray,

xii (49).
O'Muiregain,of Teathbha, 2, 10 ; Morgan,

x (39).
O'Muirte, of Cinel Flaitheamhain, 90;

forgotten, Iv (457).

O'Muldory, O'Maoildoraidh, origin of sur-
name, Int. 10; of Donegal, xxx (195).
O'Mulledy, O'Maolluigdheach, vii (27).
Omulloid, O'mBloid, Ixxxi (728).
O'Mulloy, O'Maolmhuaidh, vi (24).
O'Mulmore, O'Maolmordha, xxxiv (239).
O'Mulryan, Eyan, xlvii (366), Ixxxiii

(750).
O'Murchadha, of Siol Aedha, 16, 26;

Murphy, xix (100).

, of Ui Felme, 90 ; O'Murchoe, Mur-
phy, Iv (459, 460), Int. 50.
CTMurchain, of Magh Aoife, 84 ; Morran,

li (417).
, or Clann Murchadhain, of Ui Failghe,

72, 76 ; Moran, Morrin, xlviii (378).
O'Murchoe, O'Murchadha, Iv (459), Ivi

(460).

O'Murethi, in Kildare, liii (436).
O'Murphy, Don Patricio, xix (100).
Ona, the Druid, xl (303).
Onaght O'Donoghue, Ixii (523), Ixxiv

(654).
ONeachtain, of Maenmhagh, 48, 68;

O'Naghten, xliv (343).
O'Neidhe, of AUtraighe, 112; Neville,

Ixxii (637).
O'Neill, king of Oilech, 16, 20, xvi (66) ;

origin of surname, Int. 10; inaugura-
tion of, xvi (73).

O'Neill, of Bunowen, viii (30).

, of Clann Dealbhaoith, Ixxx (726).

, of Fionnluaraigh, 126, Ixxxi (727).

, of Magh-da-chon, 92, Ivii (477).

, of Ui Eoghain Finn, 100, Ixiii (533).

Oneilland East, barony of, xxiii (144).
O'Nuallain, of Fothart, 92 ; Nolan, Ivii

(475).

O'hOgain, of Cinel Tighernaigh, 16, 24.
, of Tulach-og, 16, 22 ; O'Hagan, xvi

(74).
O'hOilella, of Sliabh Ardachaidh, 100;

obsolete, Ixii (526)

Opheathrach, Ui Fiachrach, xxi(114).
O'Quin, origin of surname, Int. 10; of

Muintir Gilgain, x (36), xxxviii (272) ;

of Muintir Iffernan, x (36).
O'Raghallaigh, of Muintir Maoilmordha,

46, 56 ; O'Reilly, xxxvii (270).
Orbraidhe, Orrery, Ixix (605).
O'Regan, O'Riagain, ii (8), li (411).
O'Reilly, O'Raghallaigh, xxxvii (270).
Orfhlath, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
O'Riagain, of Meath, 2, 6 ; O'Regan, ii (8).

, of Ui Drona, 92 ; Ryan, Ivii (473).

O'Riain, of Ui Drona, 72, 74 ; Ryan, xlvii

(366).

Orientales, Oirtheara, xxi (122).
Orior, baronies of, xxi (122).
Ormond, ~Lower,Muscraig?ie tire,\xx. (613).

— , Upper, barony of, Ixxvii (688).
O'Roduibh, of Connacht, 50.
O'Rogan, O'Rnadhagain, xxiv (150).
O'Ronain, of Cairbre, 4, 12, xiii (56).
O'Rothlain, 46, 64 ; Rowley, xli (311).
O'Rourke, Ui Ruairc, of Breifne, xxxiii

(230), xxxvi (261) ; kings of, xxxvi (262).
Orrery and Kilmore, barony of, Muscraighe

tri-maighe, Ixix (605).
O'Ruadhagain, of Ui Ethach, 18, 32 ;

O'Rogan, xxiv (150).
O'Ruaidhri, of Finnfochla, 2, 6, iii (12).
O 'Ruairc, of Breifne, 46, 54 ; O'Rourke,

xxxiii (230), xxxvi (259, 261) ; origin of

surname, Int. 10.

INDEX.

CXXX1

Orwery, Orrery, Ixix (605).
O'Scanlan, origin of surname, Int. 10.
O'Scolaidhe, of Dealbhna, 4, 12; O'Scully

xii (50).
O'Scurra, in Ui Maine, 48 ; O'Scurry, xh

(346).

O'Scurry, O'Scurra, xlv (346).
O'Seachnasaich, of Cinel Aedha, 46, 66 :

O'Shaughnessy, xliii (333).
O'Seayha, of Corca Duiblme, 108 ; O'Shea,
Ixviii (595).

, of Ui Rathach, 108; O'Shea, Ixix

(599).
O'Seanchain, of UiKonghaile, 126 ; O'Sha-

nahan, Ixxxi (731).

O'Shanahan, O"1 Seanchain, Ixxxi (728,731).

O'Shaughnessy, O'Seaehnasaigh, origin of

surname, Int. 10; of Cinel Aedha, xliii

(333); of southern Hy Fiachrach,

xxxiii (228).

O'Shea, O'Seagha, Ixviii (594, 595), Ixix

(599).
O'Spealain, of Ui Lughdhach, 134 ; Spil-

lan, Spollan, Ixxxvi (782).
Osraighe, in Leinster, 92, 94, 96 ; lords of,
74, 76 ; Ossory, xlviii (380) ; extent of,
Iviii (482).

O' ' Suilleabhain, of Eoghanacht, 1 20 ;
O'Sullivan, Ixxvi (683) ; origin of sur-
name, Int. 10; branches of family, Int.
20.
O'Taichligh, of Ui Laeghaire, 30; Tully,

Tilly, xxii (133).
CTTaidhy, of Ui Mail, 88; OTeige, liv

(443).
O'Taircheirt, of Clann Neachtain, 18, 42,

xxx (203).
O' Talcharain, of Conmaicne Cuile, 46, 64 ;

Tolleran, xlii (317).

O'Tedgamhna, of Dun Durlais, 116; obso-
lete, Ixxv (661).

O'Tiyhernaigh, of Ceara, 46, 60; Tierney,
xl (299).

, of Fearamaigh, 16, 22 ; Tierney,

xviii (86).

O'Tolairg, of Cuircne, 2, 8, viii (29).
OToole, O'Tuathail, extraction of, xiv

(58) ; of Omurthy, liii (436) ; seize Cu-

alann, xlvii (365) ; of Imail, liv (444).
O' Tuathail, of Ui Muireadhaigh, 72,74, 88 ;

O'Toole, xlvii (365, 367), liii (436);

origin of surname, Int. 10.
O'h Uallachain, of Siol Anmchadha, 48, 70 ;

Cuolahan, xlv (350).
O'hVathmharain, of Luighne,46, 58; Hof-

feran, xxxix (283).

Oughteragh, co. Leitrim, xxxvii (267).
Owney, Uaithne, Ixxxii (744, 745).
Beg, Uaithne Cliach, Ixxxiii (748).

P.

Pale, Irish of the, Int. 25.
Pallis-grean, Grian, Ixxviii (697).
Patrick, St., his place of interment, 38,

xxix (187); his name not used as a

Christian name, Int. 59.
Petrie, " Antiq. of Tara Hill," cited, i (4).
Phelan, Whelan, O'Faolain, Ix (501), Ixiii

(529, 530).
Philipstown, Lower, barony of, li (412).

, Upper, barony of, lii (419).

Piers, Sir Henry, cited, Int. 19, 25, 29.
Plain of Munster, Iviii (486).
Pobble O'Keefe, Urluachair, Ixxiv (656).
Pobul, meaning of, Int. 8.
Poer, family of, Ixiii (534).
Portnahinch, barony of, 1 (406), li f419).
Power, Poer, family of, Ixiii (534).
Powerscourt, Feara Cualann, xlvii (365).
Prendergast, family of, Int. 23.
Pritchard, Ap Richard, Int. 51.
Pughe, Ap Hugh, Int. 51,

Q-

Quaeleus, Keely, xlii (319).'
Queen's County, extent of, lii (421).
Quill, O' Cuile, Ixxvii (684).

CXXX11

INDEX.

Quin, O'Cuinn, co. Clare, Ixxix (710).

, O'Coinne, co. Down, xxvi (170).

, O'Cuinn, of Muintir Gilgain, xxxviii

(272).

, of Tyrone, xviii (88).

Quinlan, O' Coindealbhain, iv (14).
Quire, O'Cuirc, Ixx (609).

K.

Raighe, a tribal termination, Int. 8.

Ranalt, fern. Christian 'name, Int. 62.

Ranelaghs, a branch of O'Byrne, Int. 21.

Raphoe, barony of, xxxi (206).

Rath Bacain, in Leix, lii (422).

Rathdown, barony of, liv (439).

Rats, banished by St. Ibar, Ivii (471).

Rees, Lives of Camb. Brit. Saints, xv (60).

Reeves, Rev. W., communications of, iii
(13), iv (14), v (26), xiv (59), Ixix (605) ;
Eccles. Antiq.'of. cited, xx (111), xxiv
(152), xxvi (165-171), xxvii (173-175),
xxviii (182, 184, 185), xxix (186) ; Life
of St. Columba, vi (23), xv (62), xxix
(187).

Regan. See O'Regan.

Reilly, O'Raghallaigh, xxxvii (270).

Reynolds, Mac Raghnaill, xxxviii (275).

Riabhan, meaning of name, Int. 55.

Ricardus de la Felde, chapel of, v (20).

Rinn na hEighnidhe, in Hy Maine, xlvi
(359).

Robe, Rodhba, the river, xl (295).

Roberts, Ap Robert, Int. 51.

Roche's country, co. Cork, Ixiv (547).

Rodhba, Robe, the river, 46, 60, xl (295).

Ronat, fern, name, Int. 62.

Rosarguid, Eoganacht of, 1 20, Ixxvii (688).

Rosbercon, Ros Ua Berchon, Ix (509).

Ros Failghe, xlvii (370).

Ros Gaill, 18, 42, Rossgull, xxxi (211).

Ros lor guilt 42 ; undetermined, xxxi (212).

Rossclogher, Dartraighe, xxxvii (268).

Rosses, the, Fionn Ros, xxxi (213).

Ross Failghe, xlvii (370), 1 (406).

Rossgull, Ros Guilt, xxxi (211).

Ros Ua Berchon, Rosbercon, be (509).
Rourke, O'Ruairc, ix (31).
Route, territory of, Int. 23.
Rowley, O'Rothlann, xli (311).
Ruadhan, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Ruadhraigh, Clann, 56.
Ruaidhri, name how Anglicised, Int. 57.
Ryan, O'Mulriain, xlvii (366), Ivii (473),

Ixxxiii (750); O'Riaghain, Ivii (473);

O'Riain, xlvii ; (366).

S.

Sabhrann, 82 ; the river Lee, 1 (402).
Sadhbh, pronounced Soyv, fern. Christian

name, Int. 60.

Saerbrethach, Christian name. Int. 56.
Saingel, 120; Singland, Ixxviii (696).
Saithne, 2, 8; Balrothery West, v (20).
Sanctum Nemus, Holywood, v (20).
Saraid, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Saxons, cantred of the, Ixx (607).
Scahill, Mac Sgaithghil, xli (312).
Scully, O'Scolaighe, xii (50).
Sealbhach, race of, Ixvii (580).
Seanach Cinngamhna, xliii (331).
Searon, the Christian name, Int. 54.
Seasons, supposed influence on, x (40).
Sechtmadh, plain of, 130.
Sedna, Shade, Ix (499) ; son of Cairbre,

lxxv(668).

Sealbfhlaith, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Sen Fergal, 54 ; i.e. O'Ruairc, xxxvi (259).
Shade, Sedna, Ix (499).
Shaen, Sir Thomas, Int. 28.
Shanach, Fox, Int. 26.
Shelburne, Siol Brain, barony of, Ivi (464).
Shilelagh, Siol Elaigh, baremy of, Ivii (478).
Shinrone,.Suidhe an roin, Ixxxv (769).
Shirley's Farney, cited, xx (107).
Sidhlinn, 64, xlii (321).
Simaith, fern, name, Int. 62.
Singland, Saingel, Ixxviii (696).
Sinnach, Fox, ix (35).
Siol, meaning of, Int. 7.
Siol Aedha, in Uladh, 16, 26.

INDEX.

CXXX111

Siol Airnin, in Uladh, 16, 26.

Siol Attmchadha, 48, 70, xlv (350).

Siol Brain, in Leinster, 90 ; Shelburne,

Ivi (464).
Siol Elaigh, in Leinster, 92; Shilelagh,

lvii(478).

Siol Fallamhain, 52 ; O'Fallon, xxxv (250).
Siol Flaithbheartaigh, in Connacht, 50 ;

O'Flaherty, xxxiv (233).
Siol Maoilduin, of Dun gCais, 120 ; Ixxvii

690.
Siol Maoilfabhaill, in Uladh, 16, 26 ; Mul-

faul, xviii (97).

Siol Maolagan, 44 ; Mulligan, xxxii (218).
Siol Maolruana, 46, 62 ; O'Flynns, xli

(310).

Siol Muiredhaigh, 50, xxxiii (231).
Siol Tighearnaiyh, of Fearnmaigh, 16, 22;

Tierney, xviii (86).
Sionnainn, the river, 64, 68, 98, 112, 118,

122, 126, 128 ; the Shannon, xliv (339),

Ixxvi (678).

- , not the Shannon, xlv (349).
Siuir, the, 96, 108; the Suir, Ixi (513).
Slaine, the, 90 ; the Slaney, Ivi (466).
Sliabh Ailduin, Devil's Bit Mountin, Ixi

(513).
Sliabh Ardachaidh,mM.\n\ster,lOO; Sliev-

ardagh, Ixii (524).
Sliabh gCaithle, in Leinster, 94; in co.

Kilkenny, lix (494).
Sliabh Eachtaighe, Slieve Aughty, xliv

(334). See Echtge.

Sliabtt Eisi, 1 14 ; in co. Clare, Ixxii (639).
Sliabh Guaire, Slieve Gorey, vi (21).
Sliabh Lugha, O'Gara of, xxxix (285).
Slieve-an-ierin, co. Leitrim, xxxvii (267).
Slieve Aughty, Sliabh Eachtaighe, , xliv

(334).
Slieve Bloom, Bladhma, Iviii (483) ; the

source of three rivers, lix (489).
Slieve Collane, co. Clare, Ixxviii (70<>).
Slievemargy, Ui mBairche, xlvii (369),

Sliocht, meaning of term, Int. 7.

Small County, Deis Beg, barony of, Ixxvi
(67 9), Ixxviii (700).

Smith, Mac-an-Gobhann, Int. 26.

Sodelbha, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.

Sodhan Salbhuidhe, xlv (346).

Sodhans, the Six, 68, xlv (346).

Soghans, Seven, xciii.

Sorcha, a Christian name, Int. 60.

Spencer, Mac Spollane, Int. 29.

Spenser, Mac Speallain, Int. 26.

, Edmund, on Irish surnames, Int. 27.

Spillan, O'Spealain, Ixxxvi (782).

Spollan, O'Spealain, Ixxxvi (782).

Standish, or Aneslis, Int. 57.

Stapleton, Mac-an-Ghaill, Int. 24.

State Papers, map in, viii (30).

Staunton, family of, Int. 22.

Stone, O'Maoilduiche, xxxviii (279).

Stuart's Armagh, cited, xxiv (152).

Suidhe-an-Roin, Shinrone, Ixxxv (769).

Surnames, Irish, date of formation of,
Int. 9 ; structure of, Int. 1 1 ; earliest
notice of, Int. 9 ; O or Mac essential to,
Int. 63 ; Sir H. Piers' account of, Int.
19 ; Spenser's remarks on, Int. 27 ;
changes of, by abbreviation, Int. 49 ;
changes of, to English forms, Int. 29 ;
list of, in O and Mac, Int. 9, 10 ; pre-
served abroad, Int. 30 ; Welsh, Int. 51.

T.

Tadhy, race, 20, 132 ; son of Cian, Ixxxiv

(761) ; meaning of name, Int. 52.
Tafia. See Teffia.
Tailgenn, the, relics of, 98; meaning of

term, Ixi (520).

Tailtenn, 134 ; now Teltown, xv (62).
Tal, race of, 114, 122, 128, Ixxiii (648);

plain of, 98, Ixi (518); son of Broc,

Ixxiii (648).

Talilath, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Tara, Teamhair, i (4) ; called Tulach-an~

trir, Ixviii (593).

CXXX1V

INDEX.

Tealach, 122 ; Tullyodea, Ixxix (709) ;

meaning of, Int. 7.

Teallach nAinbhith, in Uladh, 16, 22 ; un-
identified, xvii (83).
Teallach mSraonain, in Uladh, 1 6, 24.
Teallach Cathalain, in Uladh, 16, 24.
Teallach Chuirc, in Munster, 114; or

O'Loughlins, Ixxii (645).
Teallach Dubhrailbhe, in Uladh, 16, 24.
Teallach Dunchadha, in Breifne, 46, 54 ;

Tullyhunco, xxxvi (263).
Teallach Eachdhach, in Breifne, 46, 54;

Tullyhaw, xxxvi (264).
Teallach Maoilgeimhridh, in Uladh, 16, 26.
Teallach Maoilpatraic, in Uladh, 16, 26.
Teallach Modharain, in Meath, 2, 8, vi

(22).
Teamhair, capital of Ireland, 4, 88 ; king

of, 2, 6 ; sub-chiefs of, 4, 6, 12, i (4).
Teathbha, 2, 10, ix (35).
Teffa-land. See Teffia.
Teffia, Teathbha, ix (35).
Teige, Tadhg, meaning of name, Int. 52.
Temhair, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Templemore, or Corkehenny, Ixxxvi (774).

, Ordnance Memoir of, xv (64).

Terra Regredi, v (20).
Terrell's Country, viii (30).
Tethmoy, Tuath-da-mhuiyhe, li(413).
The, prefixed to a surname, Int. 16.
Tiaquin, barony of, xlv (346).
Tibohine, Airtech, xxxv (253).
Tiernan, O'Tiyhearnaigh, xl (299).
Tierney, O'Tighearnaigh, xl (299).

, Siol Tiyhearnaigh, xviii (86).

Tighe, O'Taidy, liv (443).
Tilly, O'Taichligh, xxii (133).
Tindi, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Tinnahinch, barony of, 1 (406) ; formerly

UiRiagain, li(411).
Tiprait Farran, Ixi (517).
Tir Ainmirech, in Tir Conaill, 18, 40;

barony of Boylagh, xxx (198).
Tir Breaaail, in Tir Conaill, 18, 44 ; inco.

Donegal, xxxii (219).

Tir JBoyhaine, in Tir Conaill, 18, 40 ; Ba-

nagh, xxx (199).
Tir Briuin na Sinna, xl (301).
Tir Conaill. See Cinel Conaill.
Tirconnell, xxix(192).
Tir Enda, in Conuacht, 46, 54, xxxvi

(258).
, in Tyrone, 42 ; barony of Raphoe,

x-Lxi (206).

Tirerrill, Tir Oilella, xxxvi (254).
Tirhuahil, Tir Tuathail, xxxvi (255).
Tirhugh, barony of, xxx (201). •

Tirkeeran, Ui mac Carthainn, xxv (156).
Tir mac Carthainn, in Tir Conaill, 18, 44,

xxxii (217).
Tir Nechtain, in Connacht, 46, 54, xxxvi

(258).
Tir Oilella, in Connacht, 46, 54 ; Tirerrill,

xxxvi (254).
Tir Teathbha, eastern, in Meath, 4, 12;

unidentified, xiii (52).
Tir Tuathail, in Connacht, 46, 54 ; Tir-
huahil, xxxvi (255).
Tolleran, O'Talcharain, xlii (317).
Tomaltach, a Christian name, Int. 57.
Toomregan, Tuaim Dreccoin, xxxiii (227).
Toomyvara, seat of O'Meara, Ixxvii (688).
Tonn Cliodhna, Ixvi (57 1 ).
Tooraah, Tuathratha, xxii (136).
Torna, race of, 102; co. Cork, Ixiv (555).
Tradraiahe, 126 ; Tradry, Ixxx (726).
Tralee, Tragh Lighe, Ixxii (636) ; strand

of, Ixxii (630); Alltraighe of, Ixxii

(636)

Tressi, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Tribes, Irish, names of, how formed, Int.

6-8.
Triocha-ched, in Oirghialla, 18; of Cladagh,

32 ; barony of Trough, xxiii (142).

Medhonach, 104 ; Barryroe,lxvi (569).

Tri Triucha, in Ossory, 74, 78.
Trough, barony of, xxiii (142).
Tuaghie, barony of, Armagh, xxiv (150).
Tuaim Drecctrin, 48; Toomregan, xxxiii

(227).

INDEX.

CXXXV

Tuatha Buadha, in Meath, 10, ix (32).
Tuatha Far'ali, 134, Ixxxvi (773).
Tuatha, Tri, in Connacht, 60; in Ros-

common, xl (301).
Tuath Bladhaigh, in Tir ConaUl, 18, 42 ;

Doe, xxxi (214).
Tuath-da-mhaighe, in Leinster, 84 ; Tuo-

moy, li (413).
Tuath Eathach, Tuaghie, xxiv (150). See

Ui Eathach.

Tuath Fiodhbhuidhe, in Leinster, 86 ; un-
determined, lii (425).
Tuathfhlaith, fern. Christian name, Int.

62.
Tuath Luimnigh, 1 28 ; near Limerick,

Ixxxii (739).
Tuath O'yConghaile, 128 ; Ogonnelloe,

Ixxxii (735).
Tuath-ratha, in Oirghialla, 18, 30; Too-

raah, xxii (136).

Tuath Rois, Cinel Binnigh of, 16, 24.
Tuath Saxan, in Munster, 110 ; Ixx (607).
Tuilen, three septs of, 4, 14; Dulane, xiv

(60).

Tulach, in Leinster, 90 ; Tullow, Ivi (463).
Tulach-an-trir, in Munster, 106 ; or Tara,

Ixviii (593).
Tulach-og, in Uladh, 16, 22 ; Tullaghoge,

xvi (73).

Tullaghoge, Tulach Og, xvi (73).
Tullindal, Lally of, xliv (344).
Tulloghophelim, parish of, Ivi (461).
Tullow, Tulach, Ivi (463).
Tully, lordship of, Iviii (478).

, a Toichligh, xxii ( 1 33 ) .

Tullyard, near Trim, iv (14).
Tullyhaw, Teallach Eachdhach, xxxvi

(264).
Tullyhunco, Teallach Dunchadha, xxxvi

Tullylease, in Tuath Saxan, Ixx (607).
Tullyodea, Tcalach, Ixxix (708, 709).
Tuomoy, Tuath-da-mhuighe, li (413).
Twelve Towns of O'Duibhghinn, 48, 72.
Tyrrell, family of, vii (25).

U.

Ua, or O, meaning of, Int. 7, 12.
Uachtar-tire, in Munster, 1 00 ; barony of

Upperthird, Ixiii (534).
Ua Enda, Heney, Ixxvi (681).
Uailsi, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Uaisli, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Uaithne, 128 ; Owney, Ixxxii (744).

Cliach,l30 ; Owneybeg, Ixxxiii (747).

Tire, 130 ; Owney, Ixxxii (745).

Uaithnin, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Uallach, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Uchdelbha, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Ui, or Hy, meaning of, Int. 7.
UiAichir, 124; O'Hehir, Ixxix (716).

Ui Aimrit, 128, Ixxxii (740).

Ui Anmchadha, 70, xlv (350). See Siol

Anmchadha.
Ui Athele, in Munster, 100 ; unknown,

Ixiii (535).
Ui Baghamhna, in Munster, 104 ; Ibawn,

Ixvi (568).
Ui Bairche, in Leinster, 72, 74 ; Slieve-

margy, xlvii (369).
Ui Barrtha, in Leinster, 86, liii (432).
Ui Bearchon, in Leinster, 96 ; Ibercon, Ix

(507).
Ui Bracain, in Munster, 112; Ibrickan,

Ixxi (620).

Ui Breaghdha, 102; unknown, Ixiv (552).
Ui Breasail Macha, 18, 32; Clann Brea-

sail, xxiii(144).

Oirthir, 18,32.

Ui Briuin, of Connacht, 64.

Seola, xliii (324).

Ui Cairbre Aebhdha, barony of Coshma,

Ixxvi (673).

Ui Cairin, Ikerrin, Ixxxv (771).
UigCaisin, 126 ; Ogashin, Ixxx (724).
Ui Cearnachain, of Luighne, xxxix (284).
Ui Cearnaiyh,l26', orO'Aherns,lxxxi(729).
Ui Cobhthaigh, plain of, 104.
Ui Conaill, of Munster, 1 16, 1 18 ; Connello,

Ixxv (664).
Gabbra, Connello, Ixxvii (692).

CXXXV1

INDEX.

Ui Conghaile, of Oirghialla, 18, 30; of

Knockninny, xxiii (138). See Tuath

O'g Conghaile.
Ui Cor male, 48, 72; of Hy Many, xlvi

(356).

, co. Clare, 124, Ixxix (716).

Ui Cuanach, 130; Coonagh, Ixxxiii (755).
UiDeaghaidh, in Leinster, 90, Iv (456).
Uidhrin, meaning of name, Int. 55.
Ui Diarmada, in Connacht, 44, 52, xxxv

(248), xli(312).
Ui Dineartaigh, 134.
Ui Donnchadha, 72; O'Donoghue, xlvi

(355).
Ui Drona, in Leinster, 72, 74, 92 ; Idrone,

xlvii (366), Ivii (474).
Ui Duach, in Leinster, 94; Idough, in

Ossory, lix (496).

Ui Duibhne, in Monster, 108, Ixviii (594).
Ui Duibhrosa,l22 ; unknown, Ixxviii (703).
Ui Dunchadha, 4, 14, xiv (58, 59); in

co Dublin, liv (438).
Ui Eachach, of Cobha, 18, 36 ; Iveagh,

xxvi (169).

, of Cork, J06 ; Ivahagh, Ixviii (588).

, of Oirghialla, 18, 32 ; Tuaghy, xxiv

(150).

, of Waterford, 102, Ixiii (539).

Ui Eidhin, in Connacht, 66 ; O'Heyne,

xliii (329).

Ui hEignigh, 32 ; Heeney, xxiii (140).
Ui Eire, in Osraighe, 74, 78, 96 ; Iverk,

xlix (389), lx (5)0).
Ui Enda, 118; Heney, Ixxvi (681).
Ui Enechglais, in Leinster, 72, 74, xlvii

(364), Iv (452).
Ui Eochagain, of Craobh Ruadh, 18, 34 ;

O'Haughian, xxvi (163).
Ui Eoghain Finn, 100 ; in co. Tipperary,

Ixiii (533).
Ui Ere, 134.

Ui Ercachein, co. Down, xxvi (167).
Ui Faelain, in Leinster, 72, 74, xlvii (368).
Ui Failghe, in Leinster, 72, 74, 82; Offa-

ley, xlvii (370), 1 (406).

Ui FaircJieallaigh, of Claire, 122; Farrelly,

Ixxviii (704).
Ui Fathaidh, in Munster, 100; Iffa and

Offa West, Ixiii (532).
Ui Fearba, in Munster, 1 12, Ixxii (632).
Ui Felrne, in Leinster, 90, Iv (460), Ivi

(460, 461).
Ui Fiuchrach, in Connacht, 46, 50, 60, 66 ;

North and South, xxxiii (228) ; North,

extent of, xxxix (293); O'Donovan's

Tribes and Customs of, cited, xxxv

(247), xxxvi (256, 257), xxxvii (269),

xxxix (293), xl (294-300).

Aidhne, 66, xliii (327, 330).

Finn, in Connacht, 46.

, in Oirghialla, 16, 28; of Ard-

straw, xx (1 14).

Ui Flaithri, 124, of co. Clare, Ixxix (712).
Ui Flanannain, in Munster, 112, Ixxii

(635).
Ui Flannchadha, 124; of CO. Clare, Ixxx

(717).
Ui Floinn, of Arda, 104, Ixvi (567).

, of Lua, 106, Ixvii (584)

Ui Inechrais, in Leinster, 90, Iv (452).
Ui Labhradha, of Craebh Ruadh, 1 8, 34 ;

Lavery, xxvi (164), xxviii (185).
Ui Laegkaire, in Meath, 3, 6, iv (14). See

Laeghaire.
, in Oirghialla, 30 ; of Loch Lir, xxii

(133).
Ui Lelhlobhra, of Craebh Ruadh, 18, 34 ;

Lawlor xxvi (165).
Ui f.iathain, in Munster, 102; Olehan,

Ixiv (549).

Ui Lughdhaeh, 134; Ileagh, Ixxxvi (781).
Ui Mac faille, in Munster, 102 ; Imokilly,

Ixiv (551).
Ui Mac Carthainn, in Oirghialla, 18, 32,

34 ; Tirkeeran, xxiii (143), xxv (156).
Ui Mac Uais, of Bregh, 2, 6 ; Moyfenrath

iv(16).
, of Westmeath,4, 12; Moygoish, xiii

(51)-
Ui Mail, in Leinster, 88 ; Imail, liv (444).

INDEX.

CXXXV11

Ui Maille, 64 ; O'Malley, xlii (315, 316).
Ui Maine, of Counacht, 48, 68 ; Hy Many,

xliv (338).

— , of Meath, 4, 14.
Ui Maoilcraoibhe, 18, 32, xxiv (152).
Ui Maoiluidhir, 134.
Ui Mathghamhna, of Craebh Ruadh, 1 8,

36; O'Mahoney, xxvi (168).
, of Ui Eachach, 106; O'Mahony,

Ixviii (588, 589).

Ui Mealla, in Leinster, 90, Iv (457).
Ui Meith Macha, in Oirghialla, 16, 30 ; in

Monaghan, xxii (127).
Ui Morna, of Craobh Ruadh, 18, 34 ; Gil-
more, xxvi (167).

, , 18, 36, xxvii (176).

Ui Muireadhaigh, in Leinster, 72, 74, 88,

xlvii (367), liii (436).
Ui Muirte, in Leinster, 90, Iv (457).
Ui Rathach, in Munster, 108; Iveragh,

Ixix (599).
Ui Riagain, in Leinster, 82 ; O'Regan, li

(411).

Ui Ronghaile, 126, Ixxxi (731).
Ui Rossa, 118; Iveruss, Ixxvi (670).
Ui Ruairc, 50 ; O'Rourke, xxxiii (230).
Ui Seaain, in Oirghialla, 18, 34; or Ui

Seghain, xxiv (154).
Ui Seghain, in Meath, xxiv (154).
Uisnech, hill of, ix (31).
Ui Tail, of O'mBloid, 126, Ixxxi (728).
Ui Teigh, in Leinster, 88 ; in co. Wicklow,

liv (445).

Ui ToirdheaMaigh, 128, Ixxxii (737).
Ui Torna, 102, Ixiv (555).
Ui Tuirtre, of Oirghialla, 16, 28, xx (111).

Uladh, province of, 16, 20, xv (61); chief

kings of, 18, 34, xxv(159); people of, 38.
Umhalfs, in Connacht, 46, 64 ; Murresk

and Burrislioole, xlii (314).
Una, a fern. Christian name, Int. 61.
Unchi, fern. Christian name, Int. 62.
Upper Cantred, co. Clare, Ixxviii (707).
Upperthird, barony of, Uachtar-tire, Ixiii

(534).
Upperwoods, barony of, Coill Uachtorach

Iviii (487).

Urlare Lough, Loch Gealgosa, xlii (313).
Urluachair, 116; Pobble O'Keefe, in barony

of Duhallow, Ixxiv (656).
Urrigh, a "sub-king," 2.
Ussher, Primordia of, cited, xxi (114).

V.

Ventry, Finntraigh, Ixix (598).

Villa Ogari, Garristown, v (20X

Villa Radulphi Paslewe, Balscaddan, v

(20).
Villa Stephani de Cruys, the Naul, v (20).

W.

Walsh, or Brannach, Int. 26.

Warren, assumed name of Lord de Tabley,

Int. 49.

Warrenstown, barony of, li (413).
Watergrass Hill, Cnocan Ui Bhillraidhe,

Ixxv (666).

Wesley, or Mac Falrane, Int. 24.
Westpalstown, parish of, v (20).
Whelan, O'Faolain, Ix (501), Ixiii (530).
White, or Geal, Int. 26.
Wynne, O'Maoilgaoithe, xxxii (220).

ERRATA.
PAGE 15, line 1, for & read 57.

„ 17, line 10, for O'Cearain read O'Ciarain.

„ 64, line 2 from foot,yb?' rnbe grnbucm read rnbeg rnbuan.

,, 95, line 4 from foot, at Osraighe, add 49(3.

last line, for 496 read 497.

PAGE ix, line 10 from foot, for O'Cartharnaigh read O'Catharnaigh.

„ xviii, line 6, for O'Maiolbreasail read O'Maoilbreasail.

„ xxvii, line 18, for 174 read 167.

,, xxxii, line 5, for O'Dalachain read Muintir O'Dalachain.

„ lix, line 7 from foot, for *& read 497.

Dublin : Printed by ALEXANDER THOM, 87 & 88, Abbey-street,

FOR THE

PUBLICATION OF THE MATERIALS FOR IRISH HISTORY.

MDCCCLXII.

HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF LEINSTER.

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Cmmcil :

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THE BANK OF IRELAND.

THE existing materials for Irish history have hitherto been but to
a small extent accessible to the student. The published autho-
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tory of Ireland has been generally deferred, under the conviction

11

that, before a work of that nature can be produced,
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.The works published severally by the Irish Archaeological and
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charges specified in the joint Catalogue, copies of which can at
all times be obtained free of expense on application to the Hon.
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Ill

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IV

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tjriti

<

O1 Donovan, John

The topographical poems, of
John O'Dubhagain

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